अतिरिक्त (atirikt)

adjective/postposition A Sanskritic word covering 'extra/additional' as an adjective and 'besides/apart from' as a postposition -- both senses share the same core idea of something beyond a base amount or set.
Sense 1 : extra, additional
adjective
Synonyms: ज़्यादा (zyaadaa), अधिक (adhik), फ़ालतू (faaltoo, colloquial, often with a negative 'unnecessary' shade)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will see this word everywhere on government forms, exam notices, and railway announcements -- अतिरिक्त शुल्क (atirikt shulk, 'extra charge/fee') is a classic bit of bureaucratic Hindi. In casual chat, people usually reach for ज़्यादा (zyaadaa) instead; अतिरिक्त (atirikt) signals a slightly more formal or written register.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often use ज़्यादा (zyaadaa) for both 'more' and 'extra', but अतिरिक्त (atirikt) is the more formal, precise choice in official, academic, or written contexts, like forms or notices asking for अतिरिक्त जानकारी (atirikt jaankaarii, 'additional information'). 2) As an adjective it does not inflect for gender or number -- it stays the same before masculine, feminine, singular, or plural nouns.
Sample Sentences:
यात्रियों को अतिरिक्त शुल्क देना होगा। Passengers will have to pay an extra charge.
(yaatriyon ko atirikt shulk denaa hogaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
फॉर्म के साथ एक अतिरिक्त फोटो जमा करें। Submit one extra photo along with the form.
(phorm ke saath ek atirikt photo jamaa karen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
स्कूल ने बच्चों के लिए अतिरिक्त कक्षाएँ शुरू की हैं। The school has started extra classes for the children.
(skool ne bachchon ke lie atirikt kakshaaen shuroo kii hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर सामान ज़्यादा हो, तो अतिरिक्त शुल्क लगाया जाता है। If the luggage is more, then an extra fee is charged.
(agar saamaan zyaadaa ho, to atirikt shulk lagaayaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
अतिरिक्त पुलिस बल घटनास्थल पर भेजा गया। Additional police force was sent to the scene.
(atirikt pulis bal ghatnaasthal par bhejaa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
काश मेरे पास कुछ अतिरिक्त पैसे होते, तो मैं यह किताब खरीद लेता। If only I had had some extra money, I would have bought this book.
(kaash mere paas kuchh atirikt paise hote, to main yah kitaab khariid letaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
क्या आपके पास कोई अतिरिक्त कुर्सी है? Do you have any extra chair?
(kyaa aapke paas koii atirikt kursii hai?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
सरकार ने किसानों को अतिरिक्त सहायता देने का प्रस्ताव रखा है। The government has proposed to give farmers additional assistance.
(sarkaar ne kisaanon ko atirikt sahaaytaa dene kaa prastaav rakhaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बेहतर होगा कि हम इस काम के लिए कुछ अतिरिक्त समय माँगें। It would be better if we asked for some extra time for this work.
(behtar hogaa ki ham is kaam ke lie kuchh atirikt samay maangen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
रेलवे स्टेशन पर त्योहारों के दौरान अतिरिक्त ट्रेनें चलाई जाती हैं। Extra trains are run at the railway station during festivals.
(relve steshan par tyohaaron ke dauraan atirikt trenen chalaaii jaatii hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Sense 2 : besides, apart from, in addition to
postposition Used as X के अतिरिक्त (ke atirikt), governing the preceding noun in the oblique/genitive-linked form, much like के अलावा (ke alaavaa).
Synonyms: के अलावा (ke alaavaa), के सिवा (ke sivaa, slightly literary)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: इसके अतिरिक्त (iske atirikt, 'besides this') is a very common connector in formal speeches, essays, and news reports to add one more point -- a written-register cousin of के अलावा (ke alaavaa), which dominates in everyday speech.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes drop के (ke) and just say noun + अतिरिक्त (atirikt); the के (ke) is required, as in इसके अतिरिक्त (iske atirikt, 'in addition to this').
Sample Sentences:
इसके अतिरिक्त, हमें कुछ अन्य मुद्दों पर भी ध्यान देना होगा। Besides this, we will also need to pay attention to some other issues.
(iske atirikt, hamen kuchh any muddon par bhii dhyaan denaa hogaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
प्रधानमंत्री के अतिरिक्त तीन अन्य मंत्री भी बैठक में उपस्थित थे। Apart from the prime minister, three other ministers were also present at the meeting.
(pradhaanmantrii ke atirikt tiin any mantrii bhii baithak men upasthit the।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
इस योजना के अतिरिक्त सरकार ने कई और कार्यक्रम शुरू किए हैं। Apart from this scheme, the government has also started several other programs.
(is yojnaa ke atirikt sarkaar ne kaii aur kaaryakram shuroo kie hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इसके अतिरिक्त, यह भी ध्यान देने योग्य है कि महंगाई दर में वृद्धि हुई है। Besides this, it is also worth noting that inflation has risen.
(iske atirikt, yah bhii dhyaan dene yogy hai ki mahangaaii dar men vriddhi huii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या इस रिपोर्ट के अतिरिक्त कोई और दस्तावेज़ भी जमा करना होगा? Apart from this report, will any other document also need to be submitted?
(kyaa is riport ke atirikt koii aur dastaavez bhii jamaa karnaa hogaa?)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
अध्यक्ष के अतिरिक्त, सचिव और कोषाध्यक्ष को भी आमंत्रित किया जाए। Apart from the chairman, the secretary and treasurer should also be invited.
(adhyaksh ke atirikt, sachiv aur koshaadhyaksh ko bhii aamantrit kiyaa jaae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Passive
इस समस्या के अतिरिक्त और भी कई कारण थे जिनकी वजह से परियोजना रुक गई। Apart from this problem, there were also several other reasons because of which the project stopped.
(is samasyaa ke atirikt aur bhii kaii kaaran the jinkii vajah se pariyojnaa ruk gaii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यदि इसके अतिरिक्त कोई सुझाव होता, तो समिति उस पर भी विचार करती। If there had been any suggestion besides this, the committee would have considered that too.
(yadi iske atirikt koii sujhaav hotaa, to samiti us par bhii vichaar kartii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
वक्ता ने कहा, "इसके अतिरिक्त, हमें अपने संसाधनों का सही उपयोग करना चाहिए।" The speaker said, "Besides this, we should make proper use of our resources."
(vaktaa ne kahaa, "iske atirikt, hamen apne sansaadhnon kaa sahii upyog karnaa chaahie।")
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
इस लेख के अतिरिक्त, संपादक ने दो और विषयों पर टिप्पणी प्रकाशित की। Apart from this article, the editor also published commentary on two other topics.
(is lekh ke atirikt, sampaadak ne do aur vishyon par tippnii prakaashit kii।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Adjective (invariant)
invariant: अतिरिक्त (atirikt)