जातीय (jaatiiy)
adjective
An adjective meaning 'ethnic' or 'caste-related,' formed from जाति (jaati, 'caste/community/ethnicity') plus the adjectival suffix -ईय; the two senses split along which meaning of जाति (jaati) is in play.
Sense
1
:
ethnic, relating to a people or community
adjective
Synonyms: नस्लीय (nasliiy, often used for race/ethnicity in a broader or political sense)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This sense shows up constantly in Indian news coverage of communal or ethnic conflict, both within India and abroad -- जातीय संघर्ष (jaatiiy sangharsh, 'ethnic conflict') is a stock phrase you will see in headlines. It sits one register above everyday chat, at home in journalism and political commentary.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes reach for जातीय (jaatiiy) when they mean 'national' -- राष्ट्रीय (raashtriiy) is the word for that; जातीय (jaatiiy) stays at the level of community or ethnic group, not the whole nation. 2) In news Hindi, जातीय हिंसा (jaatiiy hinsaa, 'ethnic violence') and जातीय तनाव (jaatiiy tanaav, 'ethnic tension') are set collocations worth learning as chunks rather than building word by word.
Sample Sentences:
पूर्वोत्तर भारत में जातीय संघर्ष की खबरें आम हैं।
News of ethnic conflict is common in northeastern India.
(poorvottar bhaarat men jaatiiy sangharsh kii khabren aam hain।)
अफ्रीका के कई देशों में जातीय हिंसा ने लाखों लोगों को बेघर कर दिया।
In several African countries, ethnic violence has left millions homeless.
(aphriikaa ke kaii deshon men jaatiiy hinsaa ne laakhon logon ko beghar kar diyaa।)
सरकार ने जातीय अल्पसंख्यकों के अधिकारों की रक्षा का वादा किया है।
The government has promised to protect the rights of ethnic minorities.
(sarkaar ne jaatiiy alpsankhykon ke adhikaaron kii rakshaa kaa vaadaa kiyaa hai।)
अगर जातीय तनाव और बढ़ा, तो इलाके में शांति बनाए रखना मुश्किल हो जाएगा।
If ethnic tension increases further, maintaining peace in the region will become difficult.
(agar jaatiiy tanaav aur badhaa, to ilaake men shaanti banaae rakhnaa mushkil ho jaaegaa।)
क्या यह संघर्ष सचमुच जातीय है, या इसके पीछे राजनीतिक कारण हैं?
Is this conflict really ethnic, or are there political reasons behind it?
(kyaa yah sangharsh sachmuch jaatiiy hai, yaa iske piichhe raajniitik kaaran hain?)
देश की जातीय विविधता को बचाने के लिए हमें आपसी सम्मान सीखना चाहिए।
To preserve the country's ethnic diversity, we should learn mutual respect.
(desh kii jaatiiy vividhtaa ko bachaane ke lie hamen aapsii sammaan siikhnaa chaahie।)
यदि नेताओं ने जातीय भेदभाव को समय पर रोका होता, तो इतने लोग नहीं मरते।
If the leaders had stopped ethnic discrimination in time, so many people would not have died.
(yadi netaaon ne jaatiiy bhedbhaav ko samay par rokaa hotaa, to itne log nahiin marte।)
उस राज्य में जातीय पहचान के आधार पर वोट बांटे जाते हैं।
In that state, votes are divided on the basis of ethnic identity.
(us raajy men jaatiiy pahchaan ke aadhaar par vot baante jaate hain।)
संयुक्त राष्ट्र ने उस क्षेत्र में जातीय सफाई की निंदा की।
The United Nations condemned the ethnic cleansing in that region.
(sanyukt raashtr ne us kshetr men jaatiiy saphaaii kii nindaa kii।)
पत्रकार महीनों से उस इलाके में जातीय झड़पों पर रिपोर्ट कर रहा है।
The journalist has been reporting on the ethnic clashes in that area for months.
(patrkaar mahiinon se us ilaake men jaatiiy jhadpon par riport kar rahaa hai।)
Sense
2
:
caste-related, pertaining to caste
adjective
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Caste (जाति, jaati) remains a live social and political reality in India, and this adjective surfaces in serious conversations about reservation policy, discrimination, and social justice -- not small talk. Knowing both this sense and the ethnic sense above matters because context alone tells you which जाति (jaati) is meant.
Common Mistakes: 1) This sense overlaps with जातिगत (jaatigat), which is actually the more common word for 'caste-based' in everyday and policy Hindi (जातिगत भेदभाव (jaatigat bhedbhaav, 'caste-based discrimination'), जातिगत आरक्षण (jaatigat aarakshan, 'caste-based reservation')); learners should recognize जातीय (jaatiiy) in this sense but lean on जातिगत (jaatigat) when producing it themselves.
Sample Sentences:
भारत में जातीय भेदभाव आज भी एक गंभीर समस्या है।
Caste-based discrimination is still a serious problem in India today.
(bhaarat men jaatiiy bhedbhaav aaj bhii ek gambhiir samasyaa hai।)
सरकार ने जातीय आधार पर आरक्षण की नीति बनाई थी।
The government had made a policy of reservation on a caste basis.
(sarkaar ne jaatiiy aadhaar par aarakshan kii niiti banaaii thii।)
जातीय जनगणना को लेकर संसद में तीखी बहस हो रही है।
A heated debate is happening in Parliament over the caste census.
(jaatiiy jangannaa ko lekar sansad men tiikhii bahas ho rahii hai।)
गाँव में जातीय हिंसा की घटनाएँ अक्सर सामने आती हैं।
Incidents of caste-based violence often come to light in the village.
(gaanv men jaatiiy hinsaa kii ghatnaaen aksar saamne aatii hain।)
क्या यह फैसला जातीय पूर्वाग्रह से प्रभावित नहीं था?
Wasn't this decision influenced by caste-based prejudice?
(kyaa yah phaislaa jaatiiy poorvaagrah se prabhaavit nahiin thaa?)
काश समाज में जातीय भेदभाव न होता।
If only there were no caste-based discrimination in society.
(kaash samaaj men jaatiiy bhedbhaav n hotaa।)
जातीय समीकरणों को ध्यान में रखते हुए ही टिकट बाँटे गए।
The tickets were distributed keeping caste equations in mind.
(jaatiiy samiikarnon ko dhyaan men rakhte hue hii tikat baante gae।)
कृपया अपने आवेदन में जातीय पहचान का उल्लेख करें।
Please mention your caste identity in your application.
(kripyaa apne aavedan men jaatiiy pahchaan kaa ullekh karen।)
अगर जातीय राजनीति न होती, तो चुनाव अलग तरीके से लड़े जाते।
If caste-based politics didn't exist, elections would be fought differently.
(agar jaatiiy raajniiti n hotii, to chunaav alag tariike se lade jaate।)
इस उपन्यास में जातीय उत्पीड़न की गहराई से पड़ताल की गई है।
This novel deeply examines caste-based oppression.
(is upanyaas men jaatiiy utpiidan kii gahraaii se padtaal kii gaii hai।)
Morphology
Adjective (invariant)
invariant:
जातीय
(jaatiiy)