कराना (karaanaa)
verb
The causative of करना (karnaa, 'to do') -- means 'to have something done' or 'to get someone to do something.' One sense (causation of action) covers virtually all everyday use.
Sense
1
:
to have (something) done, to get (someone) to do (something)
verb, transitive Takes the doer of the underlying action marked with से (se): मैंने दर्ज़ी से कपड़े सिलवाए नहीं, कराए (mainne darzii se kamiiz silvaaii, 'I had the tailor make the shirt') -- the person made to act is marked से, not को, in the standard causative frame.
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This verb is everywhere in daily Delhi-NCR life because so much gets outsourced to someone else -- घर बनवाना (ghar banvaanaa, 'to have a house built'), बाल कटवाना (baal katvaanaa, 'to get a haircut'), खाना बनवाना (khaanaa banvaanaa, 'to have food made') -- reflecting a domestic and professional culture where hiring help for cooking, repairs, and errands is the norm rather than the exception. Note that many of these common expressions actually use करवाना (karvaanaa) rather than कराना (karaanaa); both are the causative of करना (karnaa) and are used almost interchangeably in speech, so learners should recognize both forms.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often mark the person who actually performs the action with को (ko) instead of से (se) -- कराना (karaanaa) wants मुझसे यह काम कराया (mujhse yah kaam karaayaa, 'had this work done by me'), not मुझको। 2) Confusing कराना (karaanaa) with the doubly-causative कराना vs. करवाना (karvaanaa) -- both are heard in Delhi-NCR speech as near-interchangeable causatives of करना (karnaa), so learners needn't worry about a sharp distinction, but should recognize करवाना as a common variant they will also hear. 3) Forgetting that the person you're delegating to needs an agent marker at all -- साफ़ करो (saaf karo, 'clean it') vs. सफ़ाई करवाओ (safaaii karvaao, 'get it cleaned') both drop the subject in the imperative, which can make the causative's own logic hard to see.
Sample Sentences:
मैं कल अपनी कार ठीक कराऊँगा।
I will get my car fixed tomorrow.
(main kal apnii kaar thiik karaaoongaa।)
उसने अपना घर पेंट कराया।
He got his house painted.
(usne apnaa ghar pent karaayaa।)
वह हर महीने अपने दाँतों की सफाई कराती है।
She gets her teeth cleaned every month.
(vah har mahiine apne daanton kii saphaaii karaatii hai।)
अभी मैं अपना पासपोर्ट रिन्यू करा रहा हूँ।
I'm getting my passport renewed right now.
(abhii main apnaa paasport rinyoo karaa rahaa hoon।)
कृपया अपने कागज़ात की जाँच करा लीजिए।
Please get your documents checked.
(kripyaa apne kaagzaat kii jaanch karaa liijie।)
अगर पैसे होते तो मैं यह काम कल ही करा लेता।
If I had had the money, I would have gotten this work done yesterday itself.
(agar paise hote to main yah kaam kal hii karaa letaa।)
शायद वह अपनी शादी की तस्वीरें प्रोफेशनल से करा ले।
Maybe she'll get her wedding photos done by a professional.
(shaayad vah apnii shaadii kii tasviiren propheshnal se karaa le।)
यह प्रोजेक्ट दो हफ्तों में पूरा कराया जाएगा।
This project will be gotten completed within two weeks.
(yah projekt do haphton men pooraa karaayaa jaaegaa।)
उन्होंने अपने बेटे से पूरा घर साफ़ कराया।
They got their son to clean the whole house.
(unhonne apne bete se pooraa ghar saaf karaayaa।)
क्या तुमने अपना रिज़्यूमे किसी से चेक कराया है?
Have you gotten your resume checked by someone?
(kyaa tumne apnaa rizyoome kisii se chek karaayaa hai?)
सरकार ने नई सड़क का निर्माण एक निजी कंपनी से कराया।
The government had the new road built by a private company.
(sarkaar ne naii sadak kaa nirmaan ek nijii kampnii se karaayaa।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
कराना
(karaanaa)
infinitive oblique:
कराने
(karaane)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
कराता
(karaataa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
कराते
(karaate)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
कराती
(karaatii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
करातीं
(karaatiin)
continuous (sg.m):
करा रहा
(karaa rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
करा रहे
(karaa rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
करा रही
(karaa rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
करा रहीं
(karaa rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
कराया
(karaayaa)
perfective (pl.m):
कराए
(karaae)
perfective (sg.f):
कराई
(karaaii)
perfective (pl.f):
कराईं
(karaaiin)
imperative (informal):
करा
(karaa)
imperative (neutral):
कराओ
(karaao)
imperative (formal):
कराइए
(karaaie)
future (1sg.m):
कराऊँगा
(karaaoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
कराऊँगी
(karaaoongii)
future (1pl.m):
कराएँगे
(karaaenge)
future (1pl.f):
कराएँगी
(karaaengii)
future (2sg.m):
कराएगा
(karaaegaa)
future (2sg.f):
कराएगी
(karaaegii)
future (2pl.m):
कराओगे
(karaaoge)
future (2pl.f):
कराओगी
(karaaogii)
future (3sg.m):
कराएगा
(karaaegaa)
future (3sg.f):
कराएगी
(karaaegii)
future (3pl.m):
कराएँगे
(karaaenge)
future (3pl.f):
कराएँगी
(karaaengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
कराऊँ
(karaaoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
कराएँ
(karaaen)
subjunctive (2sg):
कराए
(karaae)
subjunctive (2pl):
कराओ
(karaao)
subjunctive (3sg):
कराए
(karaae)
subjunctive (3pl):
कराएँ
(karaaen)