शर्म आना (sharm aanaa)

verb A dative-subject verb meaning to feel ashamed or embarrassed -- shame is framed as something that 'comes to' the person, not something they actively do.
Sense 1 : to feel ashamed, embarrassed
verb, intransitive The person who feels the shame is marked with को (ko): मुझे शर्म आती है (mujhe sharm aatii hai, 'I feel ashamed'). The verb agrees with शर्म (sharm), which is feminine, not with the को-marked person.
Synonyms: शर्माना (sharmaanaa, to feel shy/bashful), लज्जा आना (lajjaa aanaa, literary), शर्मिंदा होना (sharmindaa honaa)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This belongs to a whole family of Hindi 'feeling' verbs -- नींद आना (niind aanaa, 'to feel sleepy'), गुस्सा आना (gussaa aanaa, 'to feel angry'), प्यार आना (pyaar aanaa, 'to feel love') -- where the emotion arrives at you rather than being something you generate yourself. Parents and elders in Delhi households use this constantly to scold: तुम्हें शर्म आनी चाहिए (tumhen sharm aanii chaahie, 'you should feel ashamed') is a classic line of reproach.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners try to make the person the grammatical subject, saying something like मैं शर्म आता हूँ (main sharm aataa hoon) -- wrong; the person must take को (ko) and the verb agrees with शर्म (sharm) alone, giving मुझे शर्म आती है (mujhe sharm aatii hai). 2) Confusing this with शर्माना (sharmaanaa): शर्म आना (sharm aanaa) is the feeling of shame/embarrassment over something done or said, while शर्माना (sharmaanaa) is more about bashfulness or coyness, often in front of others.
Sample Sentences:
तुम्हें शर्म आनी चाहिए। You should feel ashamed.
(tumhen sharm aanii chaahie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मुझे बहुत शर्म आ रही है। I'm feeling very embarrassed right now.
(mujhe bahut sharm aa rahii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
जब मैंने सबके सामने गलत जवाब दिया, तो मुझे शर्म आई। When I gave the wrong answer in front of everyone, I felt ashamed.
(jab mainne sabke saamne galat javaab diyaa, to mujhe sharm aaii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उसे अपने झूठ पर कभी शर्म नहीं आती। He never feels ashamed of his lies.
(use apne jhooth par kabhii sharm nahiin aatii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम्हें यह सुनकर शर्म नहीं आती? Doesn't it embarrass you to hear this?
(kyaa tumhen yah sunkar sharm nahiin aatii?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर वह थोड़ा भी शर्मीला होता, तो उसे इतनी बड़ी गलती पर शर्म आती। If he had even a little sense of shame, he would feel embarrassed about such a big mistake.
(agar vah thodaa bhii sharmiilaa hotaa, to use itnii badii galtii par sharm aatii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
बच्चों के सामने ऐसी बातें करते हुए तुम्हें शर्म आनी चाहिए थी। You should have felt ashamed talking like that in front of the children.
(bachchon ke saamne aisii baaten karte hue tumhen sharm aanii chaahie thii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यह सुनकर मुझे शर्म आएगी कि मैंने ऐसा किया। I will feel ashamed hearing that I did such a thing.
(yah sunkar mujhe sharm aaegii ki mainne aisaa kiyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
डाँट खाने के बाद बच्चे को अपनी शरारत पर शर्म आ गई। After getting scolded, the child felt ashamed of his mischief.
(daant khaane ke baad bachche ko apnii sharaarat par sharm aa gaii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
माँ ने कहा, "इतनी उम्र होने पर भी तुझे शर्म नहीं आती?" Mother said, 'Even at this age, don't you feel ashamed?'
(maan ne kahaa, "itnii umr hone par bhii tujhe sharm nahiin aatii?")
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
समाज के सामने अपनी हरकतों पर उसे शर्म आनी ही चाहिए। He absolutely ought to feel ashamed of his actions before society.
(samaaj ke saamne apnii harakton par use sharm aanii hii chaahie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Verb
infinitive: शर्म आना (sharm aanaa)
infinitive oblique: शर्म आने (sharm aane)
habitual/simple (sg.m): शर्म आता (sharm aataa)
habitual/simple (pl.m): शर्म आते (sharm aate)
habitual/simple (sg.f): शर्म आती (sharm aatii)
habitual/simple (pl.f): शर्म आतीं (sharm aatiin)
continuous (sg.m): शर्म आ रहा (sharm aa rahaa)
continuous (pl.m): शर्म आ रहे (sharm aa rahe)
continuous (sg.f): शर्म आ रही (sharm aa rahii)
continuous (pl.f): शर्म आ रहीं (sharm aa rahiin)
perfective (sg.m): शर्म आया (sharm aayaa)
perfective (pl.m): शर्म आए (sharm aae)
perfective (sg.f): शर्म आई (sharm aaii)
perfective (pl.f): शर्म आईं (sharm aaiin)
imperative (informal): शर्म आ (sharm aa)
imperative (neutral): शर्म आओ (sharm aao)
imperative (formal): शर्म आइए (sharm aaie)
future (1sg.m): शर्म आऊँगा (sharm aaoongaa)
future (1sg.f): शर्म आऊँगी (sharm aaoongii)
future (1pl.m): शर्म आएँगे (sharm aaenge)
future (1pl.f): शर्म आएँगी (sharm aaengii)
future (2sg.m): शर्म आएगा (sharm aaegaa)
future (2sg.f): शर्म आएगी (sharm aaegii)
future (2pl.m): शर्म आओगे (sharm aaoge)
future (2pl.f): शर्म आओगी (sharm aaogii)
future (3sg.m): शर्म आएगा (sharm aaegaa)
future (3sg.f): शर्म आएगी (sharm aaegii)
future (3pl.m): शर्म आएँगे (sharm aaenge)
future (3pl.f): शर्म आएँगी (sharm aaengii)
subjunctive (1sg): शर्म आऊँ (sharm aaoon)
subjunctive (1pl): शर्म आएँ (sharm aaen)
subjunctive (2sg): शर्म आए (sharm aae)
subjunctive (2pl): शर्म आओ (sharm aao)
subjunctive (3sg): शर्म आए (sharm aae)
subjunctive (3pl): शर्म आएँ (sharm aaen)