पड़ा हुआ (padaa huaa)
adjective
This is the perfective participle of पड़ना (padnaa, 'to lie/fall') used as a descriptive adjective meaning 'lying (there)' or 'in a state of having fallen/been left' -- describing something's position or neglected state.
Sense
1
:
lying somewhere, positioned/left in a spot
adjective, masculine/feminine Describes the resulting state of something having come to rest somewhere -- a book, a body, an object -- and is typically followed by a locative postposition phrase telling where: मेज़ पर पड़ा हुआ (mez par padaa huaa, 'lying on the table').
Synonyms: रखा हुआ (rakhaa huaa, for objects placed rather than fallen), बिखरा हुआ (bikhraa huaa, scattered)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You'll hear this constantly about clutter and mess -- कपड़े ज़मीन पर पड़े हुए हैं (kapde zamiin par pade hue hain, 'the clothes are lying on the floor') is a classic line from an Indian mother surveying her child's room. The word carries a faint judgment of untidiness or neglect that 'lying there' in English doesn't automatically carry.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for रखा हुआ (rakhaa huaa) when they mean something was deliberately placed, but पड़ा हुआ (padaa huaa) suggests it just ended up there, often carelessly or by chance -- the nuance is about intention, not position. 2) As a compound past participle, it agrees in gender/number with the noun it describes, which learners sometimes forget when the noun is feminine or plural: किताब पड़ी हुई है (kitaab padii huii hai, 'the book is lying there'), not पड़ा हुआ (padaa huaa).
Sample Sentences:
कपड़े ज़मीन पर पड़े हुए हैं, उठा तो लो।
The clothes are lying on the floor, at least pick them up.
(kapde zamiin par pade hue hain, uthaa to lo।)
मेज़ पर एक किताब पड़ी हुई थी।
A book was lying on the table.
(mez par ek kitaab padii huii thii।)
सड़क के किनारे एक बोरी पड़ी हुई मिली।
A sack was found lying by the roadside.
(sadak ke kinaare ek borii padii huii milii।)
देखो तो, तुम्हारा बैग सीढ़ियों पर पड़ा हुआ है।
Look, your bag is lying on the stairs.
(dekho to, tumhaaraa baig siidhiyon par padaa huaa hai।)
अगर सामान इधर-उधर पड़ा हुआ होगा तो मुझे गुस्सा आएगा।
If the stuff is lying around here and there, I'll get angry.
(agar saamaan idhar-udhar padaa huaa hogaa to mujhe gussaa aaegaa।)
काश उसका सामान इस तरह बिखरा और पड़ा हुआ न होता।
I wish his stuff hadn't been left lying scattered like this.
(kaash uskaa saamaan is tarah bikhraa aur padaa huaa n hotaa।)
बरामदे में जूते इस तरह पड़े हुए न रखें, कोई गिर जाएगा।
Please don't leave the shoes lying like this in the veranda, someone will trip.
(baraamde men joote is tarah pade hue n rakhen, koii gir jaaegaa।)
रसोई में बर्तन गंदे पड़े हुए हैं, किसी ने धोए ही नहीं।
The dishes are lying dirty in the kitchen, nobody's even washed them.
(rasoii men bartan gande pade hue hain, kisii ne dhoe hii nahiin।)
जब मैं कमरे में गई, तो उसकी किताबें बिस्तर पर पड़ी हुई थीं।
When I went into the room, his books were lying on the bed.
(jab main kamre men gaii, to uskii kitaaben bistar par padii huii thiin।)
पूरे घर में सामान इस तरह पड़ा हुआ रहता है कि पैर रखने की जगह नहीं मिलती।
Stuff lies around the whole house like this so much that there's no place to put your foot down.
(poore ghar men saamaan is tarah padaa huaa rahtaa hai ki pair rakhne kii jagah nahiin miltii।)
मेहमानों के आने से पहले सुनिश्चित कर लीजिए कि कोई सामान इधर-उधर पड़ा हुआ न हो।
Before the guests arrive, please make sure no items are lying around here and there.
(mehmaanon ke aane se pahle sunishchit kar liijie ki koii saamaan idhar-udhar padaa huaa n ho।)
Sense
2
:
idle, unused, sitting neglected
adjective, masculine/feminine Extends the literal 'lying' sense to things that sit unused over time -- a room, a plot of land, a machine, a skill -- implying waste or missed potential.
Synonyms: बेकार पड़ा हुआ (bekaar padaa huaa, emphasizes uselessness), खाली पड़ा हुआ (khaalii padaa huaa, for empty/vacant spaces)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This sense shows up in conversations about property and resources going to waste -- ज़मीन खाली पड़ी है (zamiin khaalii padii hai, 'the land is lying vacant') is something you might hear discussing an uncle's ancestral plot back in the village. There's often a tone of mild regret or criticism attached, as if the thing should be doing something.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes translate 'unused' with केवल इस्तेमाल नहीं (keval istemaal nahiin) or similar literal phrasing when a native speaker would simply say घर खाली पड़ा है (ghar khaalii padaa hai, 'the house sits empty') -- पड़ा हुआ (padaa huaa) is the natural, idiomatic choice here, not a workaround.
Sample Sentences:
यह ज़मीन कई सालों से खाली पड़ी है।
This land has been lying vacant for many years.
(yah zamiin kaii saalon se khaalii padii hai।)
गाँव वाला मकान बरसों से बंद पड़ा है, कोई उसकी देखभाल नहीं करता।
The house in the village has been shut up and neglected for years; nobody looks after it.
(gaanv vaalaa makaan barson se band padaa hai, koii uskii dekhbhaal nahiin kartaa।)
इतना अच्छा सामान गोदाम में पड़ा-पड़ा खराब हो जाएगा।
Such good material will just go bad, sitting unused in the warehouse.
(itnaa achchhaa saamaan godaam men padaa-padaa kharaab ho jaaegaa।)
काश यह मशीन पड़ी न रहती, कम से कम किराए पर ही चला देते।
If only this machine weren't sitting idle, we could have at least rented it out.
(kaash yah mashiin padii n rahtii, kam se kam kiraae par hii chalaa dete।)
चाचा जी की ज़मीन खाली पड़ी है, कोई फसल नहीं उगाई जाती वहाँ।
Uncle's land is lying vacant; no crop is grown there anymore.
(chaachaa jii kii zamiin khaalii padii hai, koii phasal nahiin ugaaii jaatii vahaan।)
इस फैक्ट्री की आधी मशीनें बेकार पड़ी हैं, फिर भी मालिक कुछ नहीं करता।
Half the machines in this factory are lying useless, and yet the owner does nothing.
(is phaiktrii kii aadhii mashiinen bekaar padii hain, phir bhii maalik kuchh nahiin kartaa।)
क्यों न इस पड़ी हुई ज़मीन पर कुछ खेती शुरू कर दी जाए?
Why not start some farming on this idle piece of land?
(kyon n is padii huii zamiin par kuchh khetii shuroo kar dii jaae?)
उस पुरानी हवेली का एक हिस्सा सालों से खंडहर की तरह पड़ा हुआ है।
A part of that old mansion has been lying neglected like a ruin for years.
(us puraanii havelii kaa ek hissaa saalon se khandahar kii tarah padaa huaa hai।)
इतनी क़ीमती किताबें अलमारी में पड़ी रहती हैं, कोई पढ़ता ही नहीं।
Such valuable books just sit unused in the cupboard; nobody even reads them.
(itnii qiimtii kitaaben almaarii men padii rahtii hain, koii padhtaa hii nahiin।)
सरकारी ज़मीन का इतना बड़ा टुकड़ा बेकार पड़ा रहना अफ़सोस की बात है।
It is a matter of regret that such a large piece of government land keeps lying unused.
(sarkaarii zamiin kaa itnaa badaa tukdaa bekaar padaa rahnaa afsos kii baat hai।)
Morphology
Adjective (variable)
(sg.m):
पड़ा हुआ
(padaa huaa)
(pl.m):
पड़ा हुआे
(padaa [[हुआे]])
(sg.f):
पड़ा हुआी
(padaa [[हुआी]])
(pl.f):
पड़ा हुआी
(padaa [[हुआी]])