तह (tah)

noun Mainly a noun meaning 'fold, layer' -- both a physical fold (as in cloth or paper) and a figurative layer (of meaning, of the earth, of a matter). Several common idioms build on this core image.
Sense 1 : a fold or crease (in cloth, paper, etc.)
noun, feminine
Synonyms: सिलवट (silvat, crease specifically), परत (parat, layer, closer to the figurative sense)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Think of a mother folding clean laundry: कपड़ों की तह लगाना (kapdon kii tah lagaanaa, 'to fold the clothes') is a near-daily household phrase in most Indian homes, and a neatly folded तह (tah) is a small point of domestic pride.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for सिलवट (silvat) when they mean an unwanted wrinkle and तह (tah) when they mean a deliberate fold -- e.g. कपड़े की तह (kapde kii tah, 'the fold of the cloth') is neutral or neat, while सिलवट (silvat) suggests a crumple you'd want to iron out.
Sample Sentences:
माँ रोज़ शाम को कपड़ों की तह लगाती है। Mom folds the clothes every evening.
(maan roz shaam ko kapdon kii tah lagaatii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस साड़ी की तह इतनी सफ़ाई से लगी है कि लग ही नहीं रहा कि इसे पहना गया था। This sari's fold is done so neatly that it doesn't even look like it's been worn.
(is saadii kii tah itnii safaaii se lagii hai ki lag hii nahiin rahaa ki ise pahnaa gayaa thaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कागज़ में एक तह डालकर उसे लिफ़ाफ़े में रख दो। Make a fold in the paper and put it in the envelope.
(kaagaz men ek tah daalkar use lifaafe men rakh do।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
चादर की तह ठीक से नहीं लगी थी, इसलिए वह अलमारी में उलझ गई। The bedsheet's fold hadn't been done properly, so it got tangled in the cupboard.
(chaadar kii tah thiik se nahiin lagii thii, islie vah almaarii men ulajh gaii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम शर्ट की तह सही से लगाओ तो वह इस्त्री जैसी दिखेगी। If you fold the shirt properly, it will look ironed.
(agar tum shart kii tah sahii se lagaao to vah istrii jaisii dikhegii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
काश मुझे भी कपड़ों की तह लगाना उतनी अच्छी तरह आता जितना मेरी नानी को आता था। I wish I knew how to fold clothes as well as my grandmother did.
(kaash mujhe bhii kapdon kii tah lagaanaa utnii achchhii tarah aataa jitnaa merii naanii ko aataa thaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
धोबी ने सारी कमीज़ों की तह लगाकर उन्हें करीने से रख दिया। The washerman folded all the shirts and arranged them neatly.
(dhobii ne saarii kamiizon kii tah lagaakar unhen kariine se rakh diyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
इस नक़्शे में इतनी तहें हैं कि इसे खोलना ही एक काम है। This map has so many folds that just unfolding it is a task.
(is naqshe men itnii tahen hain ki ise kholnaa hii ek kaam hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
समारोह के लिए मेज़पोश की तहें बड़ी सलीके से बनाई गई थीं। The folds of the tablecloth had been made very neatly for the ceremony.
(samaaroh ke lie mezposh kii tahen badii saliike se banaaii gaii thiin।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
कृपया अपने कपड़ों की तह लगाकर ही सूटकेस में रखें। Please fold your clothes before putting them in the suitcase.
(kripyaa apne kapdon kii tah lagaakar hii sootkes men rakhen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : a layer, especially a figurative or hidden layer of meaning, sediment, etc.
noun, feminine
Synonyms: परत (parat)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This sense powers the very common idiom तह तक जाना (tah tak jaanaa, 'to get to the bottom of it') and बात की तह में जाना (baat kii tah men jaanaa, 'to dig into the depths of the matter') -- both picture truth as something buried under layers you must peel back, much like English 'get to the bottom of it,' but here it's explicitly a stack of तह (tah) rather than a physical bottom.
Sample Sentences:
हमें इस बात की तह तक जाना होगा। We will have to get to the bottom of this matter.
(hamen is baat kii tah tak jaanaa hogaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
पुलिस अभी भी मामले की तह में जा रही है। The police are still digging into the depths of the case.
(pulis abhii bhii maamle kii tah men jaa rahii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसकी हर बात के नीचे एक तह छिपी होती है। Beneath everything he says, a hidden layer lies concealed.
(uskii har baat ke niiche ek tah chhipii hotii hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
नदी की तह में सदियों की मिट्टी जमा है। Centuries of silt have settled in the riverbed's layers.
(nadii kii tah men sadiyon kii mittii jamaa hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम इस झगड़े की तह तक जाओ, तो असली वजह पता चलेगी। If you get to the bottom of this quarrel, you'll find out the real reason.
(agar tum is jhagde kii tah tak jaao, to aslii vajah pataa chalegii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
इस कहानी की तह में जाओ, तभी समझ आएगा। Dig into the depths of this story, only then will it make sense.
(is kahaanii kii tah men jaao, tabhii samajh aaegaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर वह सच में तह तक जाता, तो सारा झूठ पकड़ में आ जाता। If he had actually gotten to the bottom of it, the whole lie would have been caught.
(agar vah sach men tah tak jaataa, to saaraa jhooth pakad men aa jaataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
इस मामले की तह में कई राज़ दबे हैं। Many secrets lie buried in the layers of this matter.
(is maamle kii tah men kaii raaz dabe hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अन्वेषक ने आरोप की तह तक जाने की ठान ली। The investigator resolved to get to the bottom of the allegation.
(anveshak ne aarop kii tah tak jaane kii thaan lii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम कभी अपने मन की तह में झाँकते हो? Do you ever peer into the depths of your own mind?
(kyaa tum kabhii apne man kii tah men jhaankte ho?)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
जब तक असली वजह की तह न खुले, फैसला मत सुनाओ। Don't pronounce judgment until the layer hiding the real reason is uncovered.
(jab tak aslii vajah kii tah n khule, phaislaa mat sunaao।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Passive
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): तह (tah)
(sg.f.oblique): तह (tah)
(pl.f.direct): तहें (tahen)
(pl.f.oblique): तहों (tahon)