पीठ (piith)

noun Mainly a body-part noun meaning 'back'; it also extends idiomatically to 'behind someone's back' and, in compound-verb phrases, to backing down or supporting someone.
Sense 1 : back (body part)
noun, feminine
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: पीठ (piith) shows up constantly in everyday complaints like पीठ में दर्द है (piith men dard hai, 'my back hurts') -- Hindi treats the pain as arising in the back rather than the person 'having' a backache, which fits the language's general preference for body parts as the site of sensation rather than the person as active haver.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes confuse पीठ (piith, 'back') with पेट (pet, 'stomach') since both are one-syllable-ish body-part nouns -- keep the meaning distinct even though they sound a bit similar. 2) पीठ दर्द करना (piith dard karnaa, 'to have back pain') and पीठ में दर्द होना (piith men dard honaa) are both heard; the second with होना (honaa) is more natural for describing pain as something that 'happens' in the back.
Sample Sentences:
मेरी पीठ में दर्द है। My back hurts.
(merii piith men dard hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वह अपनी पीठ सीधी करके बैठा है। He is sitting with his back straight.
(vah apnii piith siidhii karke baithaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
डॉक्टर ने मेरी पीठ पर हाथ रखकर देखा। The doctor placed a hand on my back and checked.
(doktar ne merii piith par haath rakhkar dekhaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
बचपन में गिरने से उसकी पीठ पर एक निशान पड़ गया था। A mark had appeared on his back from falling as a child.
(bachpan men girne se uskii piith par ek nishaan pad gayaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अपनी पीठ सीधी रखो, नहीं तो बाद में दर्द होगा। Keep your back straight, or it will hurt later.
(apnii piith siidhii rakho, nahiin to baad men dard hogaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर मेरी पीठ में इतना दर्द न होता तो मैं पहाड़ पर चढ़ता। If my back didn't hurt this much, I would climb the mountain.
(agar merii piith men itnaa dard n hotaa to main pahaad par chadhtaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
मरीज़ की पीठ का एक्स-रे किया गया। The patient's back was X-rayed.
(mariiz kii piith kaa eks-re kiyaa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
सोते वक्त उसकी पीठ में अचानक दर्द उठा। While sleeping, a sudden pain rose in her back.
(sote vakt uskii piith men achaanak dard uthaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम्हारी पीठ अभी भी दर्द कर रही है? Is your back still hurting?
(kyaa tumhaarii piith abhii bhii dard kar rahii hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बुढ़ापे में लोगों की पीठ अक्सर झुक जाती है। In old age, people's backs often become bent.
(budhaape men logon kii piith aksar jhuk jaatii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
काश मेरी पीठ इतनी कमज़ोर न होती। I wish my back weren't so weak.
(kaash merii piith itnii kamzor n hotii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : behind one's back (idiomatic: in someone's absence, secretly)
noun, feminine Used in the fixed phrase किसी की पीठ पीछे (kisii kii piith piichhe, 'behind someone's back') to mean talking about someone in their absence, often negatively.
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: पीठ पीछे बात करना (piith piichhe baat karnaa, 'to talk behind someone's back') is a very common phrase for gossip in Hindi, mirroring the English idiom almost exactly -- a nice case where the metaphor of the body maps directly across languages.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often say पीठ के पीछे (piith ke piichhe) when they mean पीठ पीछे (piith piichhe) -- both are heard, but पीठ पीछे (piith piichhe) is the more idiomatic, tighter set phrase for gossiping about someone in their absence.
Sample Sentences:
वह हमेशा दूसरों की पीठ पीछे बातें करती है। She always talks behind other people's backs.
(vah hameshaa doosron kii piith piichhe baaten kartii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मुझे पसंद नहीं कि लोग मेरी पीठ पीछे मेरे बारे में बात करें। I don't like it when people talk about me behind my back.
(mujhe pasand nahiin ki log merii piith piichhe mere baare men baat karen।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
उसने मेरी पीठ पीछे मेरी शिकायत बॉस से कर दी। He complained about me to the boss behind my back.
(usne merii piith piichhe merii shikaayat bos se kar dii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
किसी की पीठ पीछे बुराई मत करो। Don't badmouth anyone behind their back.
(kisii kii piith piichhe buraaii mat karo।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम्हें कोई शिकायत है, तो सामने कहो, मेरी पीठ पीछे मत कहो। If you have any complaint, say it to my face, not behind my back.
(agar tumhen koii shikaayat hai, to saamne kaho, merii piith piichhe mat kaho।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
यह फैसला उसकी पीठ पीछे लिया गया था, इसलिए वह नाराज़ है। This decision was made behind his back, so he is upset.
(yah phaislaa uskii piith piichhe liyaa gayaa thaa, islie vah naaraaz hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
अगर सच में दोस्त होते, तो वे मेरी पीठ पीछे साज़िश न करते। If they were really friends, they wouldn't conspire behind my back.
(agar sach men dost hote, to ve merii piith piichhe saazish n karte।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
कार्यालय में सब कुछ मेरी पीठ पीछे तय कर लिया गया। Everything at the office was decided behind my back.
(kaaryaalay men sab kuchh merii piith piichhe tay kar liyaa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
क्या तुम मेरी पीठ पीछे मेरे राज़ किसी को बता रहे हो? Are you telling someone my secrets behind my back?
(kyaa tum merii piith piichhe mere raaz kisii ko bataa rahe ho?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बेहतर है कि तुम मेरी पीठ पीछे मेरे बारे में राय न बनाओ। It would be better if you didn't form opinions about me behind my back.
(behtar hai ki tum merii piith piichhe mere baare men raay n banaao।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
Sense 3 : support, backing (figurative extension)
noun, feminine Appears in phrases like किसी की पीठ पर हाथ रखना (kisii kii piith par haath rakhnaa, 'to put a hand on someone's back', i.e. to encourage or reassure) and पीठ ठोकना (piith thoknaa, 'to pat on the back', i.e. to praise or encourage).
Synonyms: समर्थन (samarthan, more formal/abstract), सहारा (sahaaraa, emphasizes physical or emotional support)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: पीठ ठोकना (piith thoknaa) is the go-to phrase when a teacher, boss, or parent wants to praise someone's effort -- it carries the same warm, encouraging tone as its English equivalent, so it is an easy idiom to adopt early.
Common Mistakes: 1) पीठ ठोकना (piith thoknaa) literally 'to thump the back' is used approvingly like the English 'pat on the back' -- learners sometimes assume it must be negative because ठोकना (thoknaa) alone can sound rough or forceful.
Sample Sentences:
टीम के हारने के बाद भी कोच ने खिलाड़ियों की पीठ ठोकी। Even after the team lost, the coach patted the players on the back.
(tiim ke haarne ke baad bhii koch ne khilaadiyon kii piith thokii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
मुझे पता है कि इस फैसले के पीछे मेरे परिवार की पीठ है। I know that my family's backing is behind this decision.
(mujhe pataa hai ki is phaisle ke piichhe mere parivaar kii piith hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर उस वक्त मेरे दोस्तों की पीठ न होती, तो मैं यह काम कभी शुरू नहीं करता। If my friends' support hadn't been there at that time, I would never have started this work.
(agar us vakt mere doston kii piith n hotii, to main yah kaam kabhii shuroo nahiin kartaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
बच्चे की मेहनत देखकर पिता ने उसकी पीठ ठोकी। Seeing the child's hard work, the father praised him with a pat on the back.
(bachche kii mehnat dekhkar pitaa ne uskii piith thokii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जब तक मंत्री जी की पीठ पर पार्टी का हाथ है, उन्हें कोई नहीं हटा सकता। As long as the party's hand is on the minister's back, no one can remove him.
(jab tak mantrii jii kii piith par paartii kaa haath hai, unhen koii nahiin hataa saktaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अच्छा काम करो, बाकी पीठ ठोकने वाले बहुत मिल जाएंगे। Do good work; you'll find plenty of people to give you backing after that.
(achchhaa kaam karo, baakii piith thokne vaale bahut mil jaaenge।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर सरकार की पीठ न मिले, तो यह योजना कभी सफल नहीं होगी। If this plan doesn't get the government's backing, it will never succeed.
(agar sarkaar kii piith n mile, to yah yojnaa kabhii saphal nahiin hogii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
उसकी सफलता के पीछे उसके गुरु की पीठ हमेशा रही है। His teacher's backing has always been behind his success.
(uskii saphaltaa ke piichhe uske guru kii piith hameshaa rahii hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
जब किसी अनजान शहर में कोई तुम्हारी पीठ बन जाए, तो उसका एहसान मत भूलना। When someone becomes your support in an unfamiliar city, don't forget that favor.
(jab kisii anjaan shahar men koii tumhaarii piith ban jaae, to uskaa ehsaan mat bhoolnaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
Sense 4 : back (of an object, e.g. book, hand, chair)
noun, feminine Extends the body-part sense to inanimate objects, e.g. हाथ की पीठ (haath kii piith, 'the back of the hand'), किताब की पीठ (kitaab kii piith, 'the spine/back of a book').
Synonyms: पिछला हिस्सा (pichhlaa hissaa, more descriptive, less idiomatic)
Frequency: low
Cultural Note: Just as English says 'the back of the hand' or 'the back of a chair,' Hindi reaches for पीठ (piith) for the same objects -- a fairly transparent extension that rarely trips up learners once the body-part sense is solid.
Sample Sentences:
किताब की पीठ पर लेखक का नाम लिखा है। The author's name is written on the back of the book.
(kitaab kii piith par lekhak kaa naam likhaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हाथ की पीठ पर एक निशान है। There is a mark on the back of the hand.
(haath kii piith par ek nishaan hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कुर्सी की पीठ थोड़ी टूटी हुई है। The back of the chair is a bit broken.
(kursii kii piith thodii tootii huii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस चाकू की पीठ चिकनी और चौड़ी है। The back of this knife is smooth and wide.
(is chaakoo kii piith chiknii aur chaudii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
सोफे की पीठ पर एक कढ़ाई वाला कपड़ा बिछा दो। Put an embroidered cloth over the back of the sofa.
(sophe kii piith par ek kadhaaii vaalaa kapdaa bichhaa do।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
पुरानी अलमारी की पीठ लकड़ी की जगह प्लाईवुड की बनी होती थी। The back of the old cupboard used to be made of plywood instead of wood.
(puraanii almaarii kii piith lakdii kii jagah plaaiivud kii banii hotii thii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
अगर घड़ी की पीठ पर शीशा लगा होता, तो उसके अंदर का पुर्जा दिखता। If the back of the watch had a glass panel, its inner mechanism would be visible.
(agar ghadii kii piith par shiishaa lagaa hotaa, to uske andar kaa purjaa dikhtaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
चम्मच की पीठ से मिश्रण को धीरे-धीरे दबाइए। Press the mixture gently with the back of the spoon.
(chammach kii piith se mishran ko dhiire-dhiire dabaaie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): पीठ (piith)
(sg.f.oblique): पीठ (piith)
(pl.f.direct): पीठें (piithen)
(pl.f.oblique): पीठों (piithon)