ढलान (dhalaan)

noun A single core meaning: a slope or incline, used both literally (of land, roads) and figuratively (of decline, e.g., in age or fortune).
Sense 1 : physical slope, incline, gradient
noun, feminine
Synonyms: उतार (utaar), झुकाव (jhukaav)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Think of a hilly road in the Himalayan foothills, or even a ramp outside a Delhi metro station -- ढलान (dhalaan) is the word you'd use for both. It's a very visual, physical word, easy to picture.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often confuse ढलान (dhalaan) with उतार (utaar) -- उतार (utaar) leans more toward 'descent/downhill stretch' while ढलान (dhalaan) describes the slope itself, whether you're going up or down it.
Sample Sentences:
यह सड़क आगे जाकर तेज़ ढलान बन जाती है। This road turns into a steep slope further ahead.
(yah sadak aage jaakar tez dhalaan ban jaatii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पहाड़ी की ढलान पर बर्फ जमी हुई थी। Snow had settled on the slope of the hill.
(pahaadii kii dhalaan par barph jamii huii thii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
मेट्रो स्टेशन के बाहर व्हीलचेयर के लिए ढलान बनाई गई है। A ramp has been built outside the metro station for wheelchairs.
(metro steshan ke baahar vhiilcheyar ke lie dhalaan banaaii gaii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
ढलान पर गाड़ी चलाते समय ब्रेक धीरे से दबाना। Press the brake slowly while driving on a slope.
(dhalaan par gaadii chalaate samay brek dhiire se dabaanaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर यह ढलान इतनी तेज़ न होती, तो साइकिल चलाना आसान होता। If this slope weren't so steep, cycling would be easy.
(agar yah dhalaan itnii tez n hotii, to saaikil chalaanaa aasaan hotaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
बच्चे ढलान से नीचे लुढ़कते हुए बहुत मज़े ले रहे थे। The children were having a lot of fun rolling down the slope.
(bachche dhalaan se niiche ludhakte hue bahut maze le rahe the।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
शायद इस पहाड़ की ढलान बहुत खड़ी हो, इसलिए रास्ता घुमावदार बनाया गया है। The slope of this mountain might be very steep, which is why the road was made winding.
(shaayad is pahaad kii dhalaan bahut khadii ho, islie raastaa ghumaavdaar banaayaa gayaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Passive
छत की ढलान इतनी तेज़ है कि बारिश का पानी फौरन बह जाता है। The roof's slope is so steep that rainwater flows off immediately.
(chhat kii dhalaan itnii tez hai ki baarish kaa paanii phauran bah jaataa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इंजीनियर ने पुल बनाने से पहले ज़मीन की ढलान नापी। The engineer measured the ground's gradient before building the bridge.
(injiiniyar ne pul banaane se pahle zamiin kii dhalaan naapii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
कृपया ढलान वाले हिस्से में सावधानी से चलें। Please walk carefully on the sloped section.
(kripyaa dhalaan vaale hisse men saavdhaanii se chalen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : figurative decline (age, life, fortune)
noun, feminine
Synonyms: गिरावट (giraavat)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Just as English speaks of someone being 'over the hill' or 'on the decline,' Hindi speakers say उम्र की ढलान (umr kii dhalaan, 'the decline of age') to talk about advancing years -- the same physical image of going downhill is borrowed to talk about life's later slope.
Sample Sentences:
अब वह उम्र की ढलान पर है। He is now on the decline of age.
(ab vah umr kii dhalaan par hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
साठ के बाद जीवन ढलान की तरफ बढ़ने लगता है। After sixty, life starts moving toward decline.
(saath ke baad jiivan dhalaan kii taraph badhne lagtaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसका करियर अपनी ढलान पर पहुँच चुका था। His career had already reached its decline.
(uskaa kariyar apnii dhalaan par pahunch chukaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
काश उसकी किस्मत ढलान पर न होती। If only his fortune were not in decline.
(kaash uskii kismat dhalaan par n hotii।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
उम्र की ढलान में इंसान अक्सर पीछे मुड़कर देखता है। In the decline of age, a person often looks back.
(umr kii dhalaan men insaan aksar piichhe mudkar dekhtaa hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम्हें नहीं लगता कि इस कंपनी की साख ढलान पर है? Don't you think this company's reputation is on the decline?
(kyaa tumhen nahiin lagtaa ki is kampnii kii saakh dhalaan par hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
महाराज का साम्राज्य ढलान की ओर अग्रसर था। The king's empire was heading toward decline.
(mahaaraaj kaa saamraajy dhalaan kii or agrsar thaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जीवन की इस ढलान को स्वीकार करो, इससे डरो मत। Accept this decline of life, do not fear it.
(jiivan kii is dhalaan ko sviikaar karo, isse daro mat।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
उसकी सेहत ढलान पर जा रही थी, फिर भी वह काम करता रहा। His health was going downhill, yet he kept working.
(uskii sehat dhalaan par jaa rahii thii, phir bhii vah kaam kartaa rahaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
शायद यही उसके सुखी जीवन की ढलान की शुरुआत हो। Perhaps this is the beginning of the decline of his happy life.
(shaayad yahii uske sukhii jiivan kii dhalaan kii shuruaat ho।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): ढलान (dhalaan)
(sg.f.oblique): ढलान (dhalaan)
(pl.f.direct): ढलानें (dhalaanen)
(pl.f.oblique): ढलानों (dhalaanon)