बाँध (baandh)
noun/verb
Primarily a noun meaning 'dam' or 'embankment'; it also appears as the stem/imperative form of the verb बाँधना (baandhnaa, 'to tie/bind'), which learners will meet constantly in its own conjugated forms.
Sense
1
:
dam, embankment
noun, masculine
Synonyms: बंधान (bandhaan, rare), जलबंध (jalbandh, literary)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Big dams like भाखड़ा बाँध (bhaakhdaa baandh, 'the Bhakra Dam') are common reference points in school geography and news, so this word shows up early for anyone reading about Indian rivers and irrigation projects.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes confuse बाँध (baandh) with बंद (band, 'closed/off') because of the similar sound -- the nasal vowel ('ँ') on बाँध (baandh) is the key distinguishing mark.
Sample Sentences:
भाखड़ा बाँध सतलुज नदी पर बना है।
The Bhakra Dam is built on the Sutlej river.
(bhaakhdaa baandh satluj nadii par banaa hai।)
सरकार नर्मदा नदी पर एक नया बाँध बना रही है।
The government is building a new dam on the Narmada river.
(sarkaar narmdaa nadii par ek nayaa baandh banaa rahii hai।)
पिछले साल भारी बारिश से बाँध टूट गया था।
Last year the dam broke due to heavy rain.
(pichhle saal bhaarii baarish se baandh toot gayaa thaa।)
अगर बाँध ऊँचा होता, तो बाढ़ नहीं आती।
If the dam were higher, the flood wouldn't have come.
(agar baandh oonchaa hotaa, to baadh nahiin aatii।)
बाँध का पानी खेतों की सिंचाई के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाता है।
The dam's water is used for irrigating the fields.
(baandh kaa paanii kheton kii sinchaaii ke lie istemaal kiyaa jaataa hai।)
इंजीनियरों ने बाँध की मरम्मत करवाई।
The engineers got the dam repaired.
(injiiniyron ne baandh kii marammat karvaaii।)
अगर मानसून तेज़ रहा, तो बाँध का जलस्तर बढ़ेगा।
If the monsoon stays strong, the dam's water level will rise.
(agar maansoon tez rahaa, to baandh kaa jalastar badhegaa।)
बाँध बनने से पहले यहाँ हर साल बाढ़ आती थी।
Before the dam was built, floods used to come here every year.
(baandh banne se pahle yahaan har saal baadh aatii thii।)
यह बाँध बिजली उत्पादन के लिए भी बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है।
This dam is also very important for power generation.
(yah baandh bijlii utpaadan ke lie bhii bahut mahatvpoorn hai।)
स्कूल की किताब में भाखड़ा बाँध के बारे में एक पूरा अध्याय है।
There is a whole chapter about the Bhakra Dam in the school textbook.
(skool kii kitaab men bhaakhdaa baandh ke baare men ek pooraa adhyaay hai।)
Sense
2
:
imperative/stem form: tie, bind, fasten
verb, transitive This is the bare stem of बाँधना (baandhnaa), used directly as the intimate/familiar imperative ('tie it!') and as the base onto which all other endings attach.
Synonyms: बाँधना (baandhnaa, full infinitive form)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You'll hear this stem constantly in everyday commands like पगड़ी बाँध (pagdii baandh, 'tie the turban') or बाल बाँध (baal baandh, 'tie up your hair'), said casually between family members.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often expect this bare form to be a full independent verb sense distinct from बाँधना (baandhnaa) -- it is not a separate lexical item, just the stem, so its meaning and usage are identical to that of the parent verb.
Sample Sentences:
अपनी पगड़ी बाँध।
Tie your turban.
(apnii pagdii baandh।)
जरा अपने बाल बाँध ले, बहुत बिखरे हुए हैं।
Tie up your hair for a second, it's all messy.
(jaraa apne baal baandh le, bahut bikhre hue hain।)
कुत्ते को बाहर बाँध दे, वरना वो अंदर आ जाएगा।
Tie the dog up outside, or else it'll come in.
(kutte ko baahar baandh de, varnaa vo andar aa jaaegaa।)
यह रस्सी बाँध और गठरी उठा ले।
Tie this rope and pick up the bundle.
(yah rassii baandh aur gathrii uthaa le।)
पहले अपने जूतों के फीते बाँध, फिर दौड़।
First tie your shoelaces, then run.
(pahle apne jooton ke phiite baandh, phir daud।)
घाव पर पट्टी बाँध, खून बह रहा है।
Tie a bandage on the wound, it's bleeding.
(ghaav par pattii baandh, khoon bah rahaa hai।)
बाँध लो अपनी साड़ी, कहीं फिसल न जाए।
Tie your sari properly, it might slip.
(baandh lo apnii saadii, kahiin phisal n jaae।)
राखी बाँध, भैया दुआ देंगे।
Tie the raksha thread, brother will bless you.
(raakhii baandh, bhaiyaa duaa denge।)
बाँधिए यह कपड़ा सिर पर, धूप बहुत तेज़ है।
Please tie this cloth on your head, the sun is very strong.
(baandhie yah kapdaa sir par, dhoop bahut tez hai।)
बकरी को खूँटे से बाँध, वरना खेत में चली जाएगी।
Tie the goat to the stake, or else it'll wander into the field.
(bakrii ko khoonte se baandh, varnaa khet men chalii jaaegii।)
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct):
बाँध
(baandh)
(sg.m.oblique):
बाँध
(baandh)
(pl.m.direct):
बाँध
(baandh)
(pl.m.oblique):
बाँधों
(baandhon)
Verb
infinitive:
बाँध
(baandh)
infinitive oblique:
बाँने
(baanne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
बाँता
(baantaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
बाँते
(baante)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
बाँती
(baantii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
बाँतीं
(baantiin)
continuous (sg.m):
बाँ रहा
(baan rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
बाँ रहे
(baan rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
बाँ रही
(baan rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
बाँ रहीं
(baan rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
बाँा
([[बाँा]])
perfective (pl.m):
बाँे
([[बाँे]])
perfective (sg.f):
बाँी
([[बाँी]])
perfective (pl.f):
बाँीं
([[बाँीं]])
imperative (informal):
बाँ
(baan)
imperative (neutral):
बाँो
([[बाँो]])
imperative (formal):
बाँिए
([[बाँिए]])
future (1sg.m):
बाँूँगा
([[बाँूँगा]])
future (1sg.f):
बाँूँगी
([[बाँूँगी]])
future (1pl.m):
बाँेंगे
([[बाँेंगे]])
future (1pl.f):
बाँेंगी
([[बाँेंगी]])
future (2sg.m):
बाँेगा
([[बाँेगा]])
future (2sg.f):
बाँेगी
([[बाँेगी]])
future (2pl.m):
बाँोगे
([[बाँोगे]])
future (2pl.f):
बाँोगी
([[बाँोगी]])
future (3sg.m):
बाँेगा
([[बाँेगा]])
future (3sg.f):
बाँेगी
([[बाँेगी]])
future (3pl.m):
बाँेंगे
([[बाँेंगे]])
future (3pl.f):
बाँेंगी
([[बाँेंगी]])
subjunctive (1sg):
बाँूँ
([[बाँूँ]])
subjunctive (1pl):
बाँें
([[बाँें]])
subjunctive (2sg):
बाँे
([[बाँे]])
subjunctive (2pl):
बाँो
([[बाँो]])
subjunctive (3sg):
बाँे
([[बाँे]])
subjunctive (3pl):
बाँें
([[बाँें]])