जाँच (jaanch)

noun A feminine noun meaning 'investigation, inquiry, check, or examination' -- covers everything from a police probe to a routine medical or mechanical check. Closely related to the verb जाँचना (jaanchnaa, 'to examine, check').
Sense 1 : formal investigation or inquiry
noun, feminine
Synonyms: जाँच-पड़ताल (jaanch-padtaal, compound emphatic form), पड़ताल (padtaal), तहकीकात (tahkiikaat, formal/official)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word you will hear constantly in Indian news broadcasts -- जाँच के आदेश (jaanch ke aadesh, 'orders for an inquiry') is practically a stock phrase whenever a scandal breaks. It carries a slightly bureaucratic, official flavor, evoking committees and reports rather than casual curiosity.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often use this only for 'test' and miss its heavy use in news and official contexts: पुलिस जाँच कर रही है (pulis jaanch kar rahii hai, 'the police are investigating'). 2) Takes की (kii) to link to the thing investigated: मामले की जाँच (maamle kii jaanch, 'investigation of the case'), not मामले पर।
Sample Sentences:
सरकार ने मामले की जाँच के आदेश दे दिए हैं। The government has ordered an investigation into the matter.
(sarkaar ne maamle kii jaanch ke aadesh de die hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
घोटाले की जाँच के लिए एक समिति बनाई गई है। A committee has been formed to investigate the scam.
(ghotaale kii jaanch ke lie ek samiti banaaii gaii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
पुलिस इस हत्या की जाँच कर रही है। The police are investigating this murder.
(pulis is hatyaa kii jaanch kar rahii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर भ्रष्टाचार साबित हुआ तो सख्त जाँच होगी। If corruption is proven, there will be a strict investigation.
(agar bhrashtaachaar saabit huaa to sakht jaanch hogii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
काश इस मामले की जाँच पहले ही हो गई होती। If only an investigation into this matter had already taken place.
(kaash is maamle kii jaanch pahle hii ho gaii hotii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
क्या आप चाहते हैं कि इस घटना की जाँच हो? Do you want an investigation into this incident to happen?
(kyaa aap chaahte hain ki is ghatnaa kii jaanch ho?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस मामले की तुरंत जाँच कराइए। Please get this matter investigated immediately.
(is maamle kii turant jaanch karaaie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
जाँच रिपोर्ट अगले हफ्ते सौंपी जाएगी। The investigation report will be submitted next week.
(jaanch riport agle haphte saumpii jaaegii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
सीबीआई ने इस घोटाले की जाँच अपने हाथ में ले ली। The CBI took over the investigation of this scam.
(siibiiaaii ne is ghotaale kii jaanch apne haath men le lii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
विपक्ष लगातार माँग कर रहा है कि निष्पक्ष जाँच हो। The opposition keeps demanding that there be a fair investigation.
(vipaksh lagaataar maang kar rahaa hai ki nishpaksh jaanch ho।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
जब तक जाँच पूरी नहीं हो जाती, कोई बयान नहीं दिया जाएगा। Until the investigation is complete, no statement will be given.
(jab tak jaanch poorii nahiin ho jaatii, koii bayaan nahiin diyaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
Sense 2 : routine check, examination, or test
noun, feminine
Synonyms: परीक्षण (pariikshan, more technical/formal), टेस्ट (test, colloquial, English loanword)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is your word for a doctor's check-up (जाँच (jaanch)) or a mechanic checking your car -- खून की जाँच (khoon kii jaanch, 'blood test') is something every Indian has heard a doctor say. It sits alongside चेक-अप (chek-ap), the English loan, which is common too, especially in urban, English-mixing speech.
Common Mistakes: 1) In medical contexts, it pairs with कराना (karaanaa) rather than करना when someone gets themselves checked: मैंने जाँच करायी (mainne jaanch karaayii, 'I had a check-up done'), reflecting that a doctor or lab actually performs it.
Sample Sentences:
डॉक्टर ने मुझे खून की जाँच करवाने को कहा। The doctor told me to get a blood test done.
(doktar ne mujhe khoon kii jaanch karvaane ko kahaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
हर छह महीने में आँखों की जाँच करानी चाहिए। You should get your eyes checked every six months.
(har chhah mahiine men aankhon kii jaanch karaanii chaahie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कल मेरी पूरी शरीर की जाँच होगी। Tomorrow I'll have a full-body check-up.
(kal merii poorii shariir kii jaanch hogii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
मिस्त्री गाड़ी की जाँच कर रहा है। The mechanic is checking the car.
(mistrii gaadii kii jaanch kar rahaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर समय पर जाँच हो जाती तो बीमारी पहले पकड़ में आ जाती। If the check-up had happened on time, the illness would have been caught earlier.
(agar samay par jaanch ho jaatii to biimaarii pahle pakad men aa jaatii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
जाँच के लिए पहले नाम लिखवाइए, फिर लाइन में बैठिए। Register your name first for the check-up, then sit in the line.
(jaanch ke lie pahle naam likhvaaie, phir laain men baithie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
इस मशीन से इंजन की जाँच हर हफ्ते की जाती है। The engine's check-up is done every week with this machine.
(is mashiin se injan kii jaanch har haphte kii jaatii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
शायद डॉक्टर एक और जाँच कराना चाहे। The doctor might want to get one more test done.
(shaayad doktar ek aur jaanch karaanaa chaahe।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
जाँच रिपोर्ट आने के बाद ही दवाई शुरू होगी। The medicine will start only after the test report comes.
(jaanch riport aane ke baad hii davaaii shuroo hogii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
उसने अपने दाँतों की जाँच करवाई थी पिछले हफ्ते। He had gotten his teeth checked last week.
(usne apne daanton kii jaanch karvaaii thii pichhle haphte।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यहाँ मरीज़ों की नियमित जाँच होती रहती है। Patients here undergo regular check-ups continuously.
(yahaan mariizon kii niymit jaanch hotii rahtii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): जाँच (jaanch)
(sg.f.oblique): जाँच (jaanch)
(pl.f.direct): जाँचें (jaanchen)
(pl.f.oblique): जाँचों (jaanchon)