चीन (chiin)

noun This is the proper noun meaning the country China; it has just this one everyday sense.
Sense 1 : China (the country)
noun, masculine
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: In everyday Delhi conversation चीन (chiin) comes up constantly in news and market talk, especially about cheap Chinese goods (चीनी सामान, chiinii saamaan, 'Chinese goods') flooding local bazaars during Diwali. Note the neat family: चीन (chiin) is the country, चीनी (chiinii) is the adjective/person/language -- and confusingly also the word for sugar, an unrelated homonym learners enjoy pointing out.
Common Mistakes: 1) Do not confuse चीन (chiin) with चिन्न (chinn) or चीनी (chiinii) -- चीनी (chiinii) means either 'sugar' or 'Chinese (person/language/adjective)', a completely different word derived from this one, so 'a Chinese person' is चीनी आदमी (chiinii aadmii, 'a Chinese man') not चीन आदमी. 2) As a country name चीन (chiin) is grammatically masculine when agreement is needed, e.g. चीन बड़ा है (chiin badaa hai, 'China is big').
Sample Sentences:
चीन एशिया का सबसे बड़ा देश है। China is the largest country in Asia.
(chiin eshiyaa kaa sabse badaa desh hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
दिवाली के आसपास बाज़ार चीनी सामान से भर जाता है। Around Diwali, the market gets filled with Chinese goods.
(divaalii ke aaspaas baazaar chiinii saamaan se bhar jaataa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पिछले साल चीन ने कई नए व्यापार समझौते किए। Last year China made several new trade agreements.
(pichhle saal chiin ne kaii nae vyaapaar samjhaute kie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम कभी चीन गए हो? Have you ever been to China?
(kyaa tum kabhii chiin gae ho?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
चीन आने वाले सालों में और भी शक्तिशाली हो जाएगा। China will become even more powerful in the coming years.
(chiin aane vaale saalon men aur bhii shaktishaalii ho jaaegaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
अगर चीन अपनी सीमाओं का सम्मान करता, तो हालात इतने तनावपूर्ण न होते। If China respected its borders, the situation would not be so tense.
(agar chiin apnii siimaaon kaa sammaan kartaa, to haalaat itne tanaavpoorn n hote।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
सरकार चाहती है कि चीन के साथ व्यापार संतुलित रहे। The government wants trade with China to remain balanced.
(sarkaar chaahtii hai ki chiin ke saath vyaapaar santulit rahe।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
खबरों में कहा जा रहा है कि चीन नई सीमा नीति बना रहा है। The news is reporting that China is forming a new border policy.
(khabron men kahaa jaa rahaa hai ki chiin naii siimaa niiti banaa rahaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
यार, यह खिलौना भी चीन से आया होगा, इतना सस्ता जो है। Dude, this toy must have come from China too, it's so cheap.
(yaar, yah khilaunaa bhii chiin se aayaa hogaa, itnaa sastaa jo hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
प्राचीन काल में चीन और भारत के बीच रेशम मार्ग से व्यापार होता था। In ancient times, trade took place between China and India via the Silk Route.
(praachiin kaal men chiin aur bhaarat ke biich resham maarg se vyaapaar hotaa thaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
चीन की सीमा से लगे इलाकों में सेना की तैनाती बढ़ा दी गई है। Military deployment has been increased in areas bordering China.
(chiin kii siimaa se lage ilaakon men senaa kii tainaatii badhaa dii gaii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): चीन (chiin)
(sg.m.oblique): चीन (chiin)
(pl.m.direct): चीन (chiin)
(pl.m.oblique): चीनों (chiinon)