सामान (saamaan)

noun A very common everyday noun meaning 'luggage/belongings' or, more broadly, 'goods/material/stuff'; the same word covers both a traveler's baggage and general household or shop goods.
Sense 1 : luggage, baggage, belongings
noun, masculine
Synonyms: असबाब (asbaab, literary), माल-असबाब (maal-asbaab)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: At any Indian train station or airport you will hear सामान (saamaan) constantly -- porters shout अपना सामान देख लीजिए (apnaa saamaan dekh liijie, 'please check your belongings'), and families traveling together often have what feels like an entire household's सामान (saamaan) in tow. It is the word you reach for the moment you start packing for a trip.
Common Mistakes: 1) सामान (saamaan) is grammatically singular and uncountable in Hindi even when it refers to multiple bags -- learners often try to pluralize it as though it were a count noun; instead say थोड़ा सामान (thodaa saamaan, 'a little luggage') or ज़्यादा सामान (zyaadaa saamaan, 'a lot of luggage'). 2) To count individual pieces, learners need a helper word like सामान के टुकड़े (saamaan ke tukde, 'pieces of luggage') rather than a plural of सामान (saamaan) itself.
Sample Sentences:
अपना सामान देख लीजिए, ट्रेन छूटने वाली है। Please check your luggage, the train is about to leave.
(apnaa saamaan dekh liijie, tren chhootne vaalii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
मैंने अपना सारा सामान बैग में रख दिया है। I have put all my luggage in the bag.
(mainne apnaa saaraa saamaan baig men rakh diyaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
कुली स्टेशन पर लोगों का सामान उठाते हैं। Porters carry people's luggage at the station.
(kulii steshan par logon kaa saamaan uthaate hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हमारा सामान अभी भी हवाई अड्डे पर आ रहा है। Our luggage is still coming at the airport.
(hamaaraa saamaan abhii bhii havaaii adde par aa rahaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम इतना ज़्यादा सामान न लाते तो टैक्सी में जगह बच जाती। If you hadn't brought so much luggage, there would have been space left in the taxi.
(agar tum itnaa zyaadaa saamaan n laate to taiksii men jagah bach jaatii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
क्या आप अपना सामान खुद उठा सकते हैं, या मदद चाहिए? Can you carry your luggage yourself, or do you need help?
(kyaa aap apnaa saamaan khud uthaa sakte hain, yaa madad chaahie?)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
सामान इतना ज़्यादा था कि दो टैक्सियाँ बुलानी पड़ीं। There was so much luggage that we had to call two taxis.
(saamaan itnaa zyaadaa thaa ki do taiksiyaan bulaanii padiin।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यह सामान कहाँ रखा जाएगा? Where will this luggage be kept?
(yah saamaan kahaan rakhaa jaaegaa?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
सारा सामान चेक होने के बाद ही आगे बढ़ने दिया जाएगा। Everyone will only be allowed to proceed after all the luggage is checked.
(saaraa saamaan chek hone ke baad hii aage badhne diyaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
बच्चों, अपना-अपना सामान गिन लो, कुछ छूटना नहीं चाहिए। Kids, count your own luggage each, nothing should be left behind.
(bachchon, apnaa-apnaa saamaan gin lo, kuchh chhootnaa nahiin chaahie।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
उम्मीद है कि सामान समय पर पहुँच जाए। Hopefully the luggage arrives on time.
(ummiid hai ki saamaan samay par pahunch jaae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
पूरे घर का सामान पैक करते-करते उसे रात के दो बज गए। It became two in the morning for her while she was packing the entire household's belongings.
(poore ghar kaa saamaan paik karte-karte use raat ke do baj gae।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : goods, material, stuff, items (general)
noun, masculine
Synonyms: माल (maal), चीज़ें (chiizen, broader, plural-leaning)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Walk into any general store (किराना दुकान, kiraanaa dukaan) and you might hear a shopkeeper ask रोज़ का सामान चाहिए? (roz kaa saamaan chaahie?, 'do you need your daily household items?') -- सामान (saamaan) here just means 'stuff' in the most flexible, everyday sense, covering anything from groceries to hardware.
Common Mistakes: 1) In this sense सामान (saamaan) often pairs with a specific domain word -- रसोई का सामान (rasoii kaa saamaan, 'kitchen supplies'), पूजा का सामान (poojaa kaa saamaan, 'worship items') -- so learners should get comfortable using it with a genitive modifier rather than alone.
Sample Sentences:
रोज़ का सामान चाहिए? Do you need your daily household items?
(roz kaa saamaan chaahie?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
दुकान में हर तरह का सामान मिलता है। You can get every kind of stuff in the shop.
(dukaan men har tarah kaa saamaan miltaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कल मैंने बहुत सारा सामान खरीदा। Yesterday I bought a lot of goods.
(kal mainne bahut saaraa saamaan khariidaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यह सामान गोदाम में रखा जा रहा है। This material is being kept in the warehouse.
(yah saamaan godaam men rakhaa jaa rahaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
कृपया सारा सामान सूची के अनुसार जांच लीजिए। Please check all the material according to the list.
(kripyaa saaraa saamaan soochii ke anusaar jaanch liijie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर पैसे होते तो मैं सारा सामान आज ही खरीद लेता। If I had the money, I would have bought all the goods today itself.
(agar paise hote to main saaraa saamaan aaj hii khariid letaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
शायद दुकानदार सारा सामान बेच दे। Perhaps the shopkeeper will sell off all the stock.
(shaayad dukaandaar saaraa saamaan bech de।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
फैक्ट्री में रोज़ नया सामान बनाया जाता है। New material is manufactured in the factory every day.
(phaiktrii men roz nayaa saamaan banaayaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
अगले महीने तक सारा सामान गोदाम से भेज दिया जाएगा। By next month, all the goods will have been sent from the warehouse.
(agle mahiine tak saaraa saamaan godaam se bhej diyaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
इतना सामान इकट्ठा करने की क्या ज़रूरत है? What's the need to gather so much stuff?
(itnaa saamaan ikatthaa karne kii kyaa zaroorat hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बाज़ार में सामान की कीमतें रोज़ बढ़ रही हैं। The prices of goods in the market are rising every day.
(baazaar men saamaan kii kiimten roz badh rahii hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): सामान (saamaan)
(sg.m.oblique): सामान (saamaan)
(pl.m.direct): सामान (saamaan)
(pl.m.oblique): सामानों (saamaanon)