आक्रमण (aakrman)

noun A formal/Sanskritic noun meaning 'attack' or 'invasion' -- used for military, verbal, and medical/physical attacks alike. It has one core sense that stretches across these registers.
Sense 1 : attack, invasion, assault
noun, masculine
Synonyms: हमला (hamlaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You'll meet this word constantly in the news (विदेशी आक्रमण (videshii aakrman, 'foreign invasion')) and in history class discussions of invasions of India, but in everyday speech about a street fight or an argument, most Delhi folks reach for the earthier हमला (hamlaa) instead. It also extends nicely to non-military attacks -- दिल का आक्रमण (dil kaa aakrman) is sometimes heard for 'heart attack,' though दिल का दौरा (dil kaa dauraa) is far more common in that specific medical sense.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for हमला (hamlaa) in speech and आक्रमण (aakrman) in writing/news -- both are correct, but आक्रमण (aakrman) leans more formal and shows up heavily in news, history, and textbook contexts. 2) The verb pairing is आक्रमण करना (aakrman karnaa, 'to attack') -- learners sometimes try to use आक्रमण (aakrman) directly as a verb, but it needs करना (karnaa) with पर (par) marking the target: किसी पर आक्रमण करना (kisii par aakrman karnaa, 'to attack someone').
Sample Sentences:
1206 ईस्वी में मुहम्मद गोरी के आक्रमण ने भारत के इतिहास की दिशा बदल दी। In 1206 CE, Muhammad of Ghor's invasion changed the direction of India's history.
(1206 iisvii men muhammad gorii ke aakrman ne bhaarat ke itihaas kii dishaa badal dii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
इतिहास की किताब में विदेशी आक्रमणों का पूरा अध्याय है। There is a whole chapter on foreign invasions in the history book.
(itihaas kii kitaab men videshii aakramnon kaa pooraa adhyaay hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
सेना दुश्मन के आक्रमण को रोकने की पूरी कोशिश कर रही है। The army is trying its best to stop the enemy's attack.
(senaa dushman ke aakrman ko rokne kii poorii koshish kar rahii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर दुश्मन आक्रमण करे, तो हमें तुरंत तैयार रहना होगा। If the enemy were to attack, we would need to be ready immediately.
(agar dushman aakrman kare, to hamen turant taiyaar rahnaa hogaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर उस समय आक्रमण होता, तो पूरा शहर तबाह हो जाता। If there had been an attack at that time, the whole city would have been destroyed.
(agar us samay aakrman hotaa, to pooraa shahar tabaah ho jaataa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
प्राचीन काल में इस किले पर कई बार आक्रमण किया गया था। In ancient times, this fort was attacked many times.
(praachiin kaal men is kile par kaii baar aakrman kiyaa gayaa thaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
शत्रु सेनाएँ अचानक आक्रमण करेंगी, ऐसा गुप्तचरों ने चेताया। The enemy forces will attack suddenly, the spies warned.
(shatru senaaen achaanak aakrman karengii, aisaa guptachron ne chetaayaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
डॉक्टर ने बताया कि तनाव से दिल का आक्रमण होने का खतरा बढ़ जाता है। The doctor explained that stress increases the risk of a heart attack.
(doktar ne bataayaa ki tanaav se dil kaa aakrman hone kaa khatraa badh jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
सैनिकों, आक्रमण की तैयारी करो! Soldiers, prepare for the attack!
(sainikon, aakrman kii taiyaarii karo!)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
समाचारों में कहा गया कि सीमा पर आक्रमण की आशंका बढ़ गई है। The news reported that the fear of an attack at the border has increased.
(samaachaaron men kahaa gayaa ki siimaa par aakrman kii aashankaa badh gaii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): आक्रमण (aakrman)
(sg.m.oblique): आक्रमण (aakrman)
(pl.m.direct): आक्रमण (aakrman)
(pl.m.oblique): आक्रमणों (aakramnon)