जानवर (jaanvar)

noun A single, straightforward sense: 'animal,' with an extended figurative use for a person who behaves brutishly.
Sense 1 : animal, beast
noun, masculine
Synonyms: पशु (pashu, formal/written), पशु-पक्षी (pashu-pakshii, animals and birds collectively), जीव (jiiv, any living creature, broader scope)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word you will actually hear at the zoo (चिड़ियाघर, chidiyaaghar) or in a village conversation about stray cattle and dogs -- पशु (pashu) is its bookish cousin, more at home in a government notice or a biology class. Kids learn जानवर (jaanvar) long before they ever hear पशु (pashu).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes reach for पशु (pashu) in casual speech where जानवर (jaanvar) is what people actually say -- पशु (pashu) leans toward signboards, textbooks, and news, not the dinner-table register. 2) जानवर (jaanvar) is masculine regardless of the animal's actual sex -- यह जानवर (yah jaanvar, 'this animal') stays grammatically masculine even when referring to a female animal.
Sample Sentences:
चिड़ियाघर में बहुत सारे जानवर हैं। There are a lot of animals in the zoo.
(chidiyaaghar men bahut saare jaanvar hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
शेर जंगल का सबसे ताकतवर जानवर होता है। The lion is the strongest animal in the jungle.
(sher jangal kaa sabse taakatvar jaanvar hotaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
गाँव में रात को आवारा जानवर सड़कों पर घूमते रहते हैं। At night in the village, stray animals keep wandering around the streets.
(gaanv men raat ko aavaaraa jaanvar sadkon par ghoomte rahte hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उस जानवर को इतनी तेज़ चोट लगी थी कि वह चल भी नहीं पा रहा था। That animal was so badly injured that it couldn't even walk.
(us jaanvar ko itnii tez chot lagii thii ki vah chal bhii nahiin paa rahaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जंगल में इस समय बहुत कम जानवर बचे हैं। Very few animals remain in the forest these days.
(jangal men is samay bahut kam jaanvar bache hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
जानवरों को प्यार से पालो, उन्हें मत सताओ। Raise animals with love, don't torment them.
(jaanavron ko pyaar se paalo, unhen mat sataao।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर जंगल कट गए, तो जानवरों के पास रहने की जगह ही नहीं बचेगी। If the forests are cut down, animals will have no place left to live.
(agar jangal kat gae, to jaanavron ke paas rahne kii jagah hii nahiin bachegii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
अगर उसे बचपन में जानवरों से डर न होता, तो वह आज पशु-चिकित्सक बन जाता। If he hadn't been afraid of animals as a child, he would have become a vet today.
(agar use bachpan men jaanavron se dar n hotaa, to vah aaj pashu-chikitsak ban jaataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
जंगल में शिकारियों द्वारा कई जानवर मार दिए गए। Many animals were killed by poachers in the forest.
(jangal men shikaariyon dvaaraa kaii jaanvar maar die gae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
क्या आपको लगता है कि जानवरों को भी इंसानों जैसे अधिकार मिलने चाहिए? Do you think animals should also get rights like humans do?
(kyaa aapko lagtaa hai ki jaanavron ko bhii insaanon jaise adhikaar milne chaahie?)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
बच्चे को जानवरों की तस्वीरों वाली किताब बहुत पसंद है। The child loves the book with pictures of animals.
(bachche ko jaanavron kii tasviiron vaalii kitaab bahut pasand hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : a brutish, uncivilized, or cruel person (insult)
noun, masculine
Synonyms: हैवान (haivaan, stronger, implies monstrous cruelty), दरिंदा (darindaa, literary/dramatic, implies predatory savagery)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear this hurled in heated arguments or dramatic TV serials when someone has behaved with real cruelty or no self-control -- it carries moral condemnation, unlike the more playful English 'you animal!' said to a good athlete or a big eater.
Common Mistakes: 1) This is a genuine insult in Hindi, not a mild joke the way calling someone 'an animal' in English can sometimes be affectionate (e.g. about a hard worker) -- तुम जानवर हो (tum jaanvar ho, 'you are an animal') is harsh and accusatory, typically about cruelty or a total lack of manners, not stamina or intensity.
Sample Sentences:
वह अपनी बीवी को रोज़ मारता है, कैसा जानवर है! He beats his wife every day, what a brute he is!
(vah apnii biivii ko roz maartaa hai, kaisaa jaanvar hai!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
तुम इंसान नहीं, जानवर हो! You're not a human, you're an animal!
(tum insaan nahiin, jaanvar ho!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उस जानवर ने बच्चे पर हाथ उठाया। That brute raised his hand against the child.
(us jaanvar ne bachche par haath uthaayaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जानवर बनने से पहले सोच लेना कि तुम्हारे बच्चे भी यह देख रहे हैं। Think before turning into a brute -- your own children are watching this too.
(jaanvar banne se pahle soch lenaa ki tumhaare bachche bhii yah dekh rahe hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर वह इतना बेरहम न होता तो कोई उसे जानवर न कहता। If he weren't so merciless, no one would call him a brute.
(agar vah itnaa beraham n hotaa to koii use jaanvar n kahtaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
इस सीरियल का विलेन सच में जानवर लगता है। The villain in this serial really seems like a beast.
(is siiriyal kaa vilen sach men jaanvar lagtaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम भूल गए हो कि तुम इंसान हो, जानवर नहीं? Have you forgotten that you're a human, not an animal?
(kyaa tum bhool gae ho ki tum insaan ho, jaanvar nahiin?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
समाज ऐसे जानवरों को कभी माफ़ नहीं करेगा। Society will never forgive such beasts.
(samaaj aise jaanavron ko kabhii maaf nahiin karegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
उस जानवर को सज़ा दी जानी चाहिए। That brute ought to be punished.
(us jaanvar ko sazaa dii jaanii chaahie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
अरे जानवर, ज़रा शर्म कर! Hey, you brute, have some shame!
(are jaanvar, zaraa sharm kar!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): जानवर (jaanvar)
(sg.m.oblique): जानवर (jaanvar)
(pl.m.direct): जानवर (jaanvar)
(pl.m.oblique): जानवरों (jaanavron)