उम्र (umr)

noun A single core sense: 'age' -- how old someone or something is, in years of life.
Sense 1 : age (of a person or living thing)
noun, feminine Used with की in constructions like उसकी उम्र क्या है (uskii umr kyaa hai, 'what is his/her age') and with होना (honaa) to state a specific age: उसकी उम्र तीस साल है (uskii umr tiis saal hai, 'he/she is thirty years old').
Synonyms: आयु (aayu, formal), अवस्था (avasthaa, formal/literary)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: In Delhi households, asking someone's उम्र (umr) directly, especially an older woman's, can be considered a bit forward, so people often soften it with पूछ सकता हूँ (poochh saktaa hoon, 'may I ask') first. The word itself comes from Persian/Urdu and sits comfortably in everyday Hindi speech, more common in conversation than the more formal-sounding आयु (aayu).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often ask age with कितना पुराना (kitnaa puraanaa, calqued from 'how old'), which sounds like asking how old an object is, not a person -- the natural question is उम्र क्या है (umr kyaa hai) or कितनी उम्र है (kitnii umr hai). 2) उम्र is grammatically feminine, so learners sometimes wrongly pair it with masculine agreement, e.g. saying उम्र बड़ा है (umr badaa hai) instead of उम्र बड़ी है (umr badii hai).
Sample Sentences:
आपकी उम्र क्या है? What is your age?
(aapkii umr kyaa hai?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या मैं पूछ सकता हूँ कि आपकी उम्र कितनी है? May I ask what your age is?
(kyaa main poochh saktaa hoon ki aapkii umr kitnii hai?)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मेरी उम्र पच्चीस साल है। My age is twenty-five years.
(merii umr pachchiis saal hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस उम्र में इतनी दौड़-भाग मत कर। Don't run around so much at this age.
(is umr men itnii daud-bhaag mat kar।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर मेरी उम्र दस साल कम होती, तो मैं भी यह नौकरी कर लेता। If my age were ten years less, I would have taken this job too.
(agar merii umr das saal kam hotii, to main bhii yah naukrii kar letaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
उसकी उम्र बढ़ रही है, फिर भी वह जवान दिखता है। His age is increasing, yet he looks young.
(uskii umr badh rahii hai, phir bhii vah javaan dikhtaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
शायद उसकी उम्र चालीस के आस-पास हो। Perhaps his age is around forty.
(shaayad uskii umr chaaliis ke aas-paas ho।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
इस फॉर्म में अपनी उम्र और जन्म तिथि भरें। Fill in your age and date of birth in this form.
(is phorm men apnii umr aur janm tithi bharen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
सरकारी नौकरी के लिए उम्र सीमा तय की गई है। An age limit has been set for government jobs.
(sarkaarii naukrii ke lie umr siimaa tay kii gaii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
बचपन में हमें अपनी उम्र पर बहुत घमंड होता था। In childhood, we used to be quite proud of our age.
(bachpan men hamen apnii umr par bahut ghamand hotaa thaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
दादी जी की उम्र अस्सी पार कर चुकी है। Grandmother's age has already crossed eighty.
(daadii jii kii umr assii paar kar chukii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : lifespan, lifetime (figurative extension)
noun, feminine Appears in phrases like उम्र भर (umr bhar, 'for a whole lifetime') and सारी उम्र (saarii umr, 'one's entire life'), where the focus shifts from a numeric age to the whole span of a life.
Synonyms: जीवन (jiivan), ज़िंदगी (zindgii)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This sense shows up often in emotional or poetic contexts, e.g. promises like मैं उम्र भर तुम्हारा साथ दूँगा (main umr bhar tumhaaraa saath doongaa, 'I will stand by you my whole life'), which is why उम्र भर (umr bhar) has a slightly romantic, film-song feel to many speakers.
Sample Sentences:
मैं उम्र भर तुम्हारा साथ दूँगा। I will stand by you my whole life.
(main umr bhar tumhaaraa saath doongaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
उसने अपनी पूरी उम्र गरीबों की सेवा में बिता दी। She spent her whole lifetime serving the poor.
(usne apnii poorii umr gariibon kii sevaa men bitaa dii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यह दर्द मुझे उम्र भर याद रहेगा। This pain will stay with me for my whole life.
(yah dard mujhe umr bhar yaad rahegaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
काश मैं उसके साथ उम्र भर रह पाता। If only I could have stayed with him for a lifetime.
(kaash main uske saath umr bhar rah paataa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
अगर वह ईमानदार होता, तो उसकी उम्र भर की मेहनत बेकार न जाती। If he had been honest, his lifetime of hard work would not have gone to waste.
(agar vah iimaandaar hotaa, to uskii umr bhar kii mehnat bekaar n jaatii।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
कुछ रिश्ते उम्र भर निभाने पड़ते हैं। Some relationships have to be honored for a whole lifetime.
(kuchh rishte umr bhar nibhaane padte hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम सच में उम्र भर मेरा इंतज़ार करोगी? Will you really wait for me your whole life?
(kyaa tum sach men umr bhar meraa intzaar karogii?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
इस गाने में नायक अपनी प्रेमिका से उम्र भर साथ निभाने की कसम खाता है। In this song, the hero vows to his beloved that he will stay with her for a lifetime.
(is gaane men naayak apnii premikaa se umr bhar saath nibhaane kii kasam khaataa hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उम्र भर की कमाई एक ही झटके में डूब गई। A lifetime of earnings was lost in a single blow.
(umr bhar kii kamaaii ek hii jhatke men doob gaii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): उम्र (umr)
(sg.f.oblique): उम्र (umr)
(pl.f.direct): उम्रें (umren)
(pl.f.oblique): उम्रों (umron)