जन्मदिन (janmdin)

noun A compound noun meaning 'birthday', built from जन्म (janm, 'birth') and दिन (din, 'day'). Only one everyday sense.
Sense 1 : birthday
noun, masculine
Synonyms: जन्मदिवस (janmdivas, formal)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: जन्मदिन मुबारक हो (janmdin mubaarak ho) is the standard spoken greeting across Delhi-NCR, cheerfully mixing a Sanskritic compound (जन्मदिन) with the Persian-origin मुबारक (mubaarak, 'blessed/congratulations') -- a nice everyday example of how Hindi comfortably blends vocabulary streams. Birthday parties in urban Hindi-speaking households are often referred to casually in English too ('birthday party hai aaj'), so don't be surprised to hear जन्मदिन code-switched with English words in the same sentence.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often say जन्मदिन मुबारक हो (janmdin mubaarak ho, 'happy birthday') by direct translation of English 'happy' with मुबारक (mubaarak); this is correct and common, but the equally frequent alternative is जन्मदिन की शुभकामनाएं (janmdin kii shubhkaamnaaen, 'birthday wishes'), which sounds a touch more formal/written. 2) जन्मदिन (janmdin) itself does not need ने-marking or special agreement -- treat it as an ordinary masculine noun, e.g. आज मेरा जन्मदिन है (aaj meraa janmdin hai, 'today is my birthday'), not आज मेरा जन्मदिन आया है (aaj meraa janmdin aayaa hai).
Sample Sentences:
आज मेरा जन्मदिन है। Today is my birthday.
(aaj meraa janmdin hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
जन्मदिन मुबारक हो! Happy birthday!
(janmdin mubaarak ho!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
उसका जन्मदिन कल था। Her birthday was yesterday.
(uskaa janmdin kal thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
हम हर साल पापा का जन्मदिन बड़े धूमधाम से मनाते हैं। We celebrate Papa's birthday with great pomp every year.
(ham har saal paapaa kaa janmdin bade dhoomdhaam se manaate hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगले हफ्ते मेरे भाई का जन्मदिन आएगा। My brother's birthday is coming up next week.
(agle haphte mere bhaaii kaa janmdin aaegaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
आज शाम को जन्मदिन पार्टी है। There's a birthday party this evening.
(aaj shaam ko janmdin paartii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
काश आज तुम्हारा जन्मदिन होता, तो हम केक लाते। If only it were your birthday today, we'd have brought a cake.
(kaash aaj tumhaaraa janmdin hotaa, to ham kek laate।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम्हें अपनी माँ का जन्मदिन याद है? Do you remember your mother's birthday?
(kyaa tumhen apnii maan kaa janmdin yaad hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
जन्मदिन के अवसर पर सभी अतिथियों को आमंत्रित किया गया। All the guests were invited on the occasion of the birthday.
(janmdin ke avsar par sabhii atithiyon ko aamantrit kiyaa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
जन्मदिन पर उसे एक सुंदर तोहफा मिला। She received a beautiful gift on her birthday.
(janmdin par use ek sundar tohphaa milaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यार, आज मेरा जन्मदिन है, बर्थडे पार्टी शाम को है! Dude, today's my birthday, the birthday party is in the evening!
(yaar, aaj meraa janmdin hai, barthde paartii shaam ko hai!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): जन्मदिन (janmdin)
(sg.m.oblique): जन्मदिन (janmdin)
(pl.m.direct): जन्मदिन (janmdin)
(pl.m.oblique): जन्मदिनों (janmdinon)