दुश्मनी (dushmnii)
noun
A single-sense noun meaning enmity or hostility -- the state of being at odds with someone, whether personal, political, or between groups.
Sense
1
:
enmity, hostility, animosity
noun, feminine
Synonyms: बैर (bair, literary), वैमनस्य (vaimnasy, formal), विरोध (virodh, opposition/conflict, meaning scope), नफरत (naphrat, hatred, meaning scope)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: दुश्मनी (dushmnii) is the abstract-noun form of दुश्मन (dushman, enemy), built with the common -ई (-ii) suffix that turns a person-noun into a state-noun, the same pattern as दोस्त (dost, friend) becoming दोस्ती (dostii, friendship). You will often hear the pair दोस्ती और दुश्मनी (dostii aur dushmnii, 'friendship and enmity') invoked together, especially in conversations about family feuds or old rivalries that outlast anyone's memory of how they started.
Common Mistakes: 1) दुश्मनी (dushmnii) usually pairs with से (se) or की तरफ से (kii taraph se) to mark who the enmity is with, as in किसी से दुश्मनी (kisii se dushmnii, enmity with someone) -- learners sometimes reach for के साथ (ke saath) by analogy with 'friendship with,' which sounds off here. 2) दुश्मनी करना (dushmnii karnaa, to bear/practice enmity) and दुश्मनी निभाना (dushmnii nibhaanaa, to carry an enmity through/see it out) are both common but mean subtly different things -- the first is about harboring hostility, the second about acting on it persistently, almost like a duty.
Sample Sentences:
उन दोनों परिवारों में पुरानी दुश्मनी है।
There is old enmity between those two families.
(un donon parivaaron men puraanii dushmnii hai।)
मुझे नहीं पता था कि उसके मन में मेरे लिए इतनी दुश्मनी थी।
I didn't know he harbored so much enmity toward me.
(mujhe nahiin pataa thaa ki uske man men mere lie itnii dushmnii thii।)
यह दुश्मनी पीढ़ियों से चली आ रही है, किसी को याद भी नहीं कि शुरू कैसे हुई।
This enmity has been going on for generations; no one even remembers how it started.
(yah dushmnii piidhiyon se chalii aa rahii hai, kisii ko yaad bhii nahiin ki shuroo kaise huii।)
भाई, अब इतने सालों बाद यह दुश्मनी खत्म करो।
Brother, after all these years, end this enmity now.
(bhaaii, ab itne saalon baad yah dushmnii khatm karo।)
काश उनके बीच यह दुश्मनी न होती तो दोनों परिवार साथ रहते।
If only there weren't this enmity between them, both families would live together.
(kaash unke biich yah dushmnii n hotii to donon parivaar saath rahte।)
दोस्ती और दुश्मनी दोनों वक्त के साथ बदल जाती हैं।
Both friendship and enmity change with time.
(dostii aur dushmnii donon vakt ke saath badal jaatii hain।)
क्या तुम्हें उससे कोई दुश्मनी है?
Do you have some enmity with him?
(kyaa tumhen usse koii dushmnii hai?)
राजनीति में दुश्मनी कब दोस्ती में बदल जाए, कुछ कहा नहीं जा सकता।
In politics, one can never say when enmity might turn into friendship.
(raajniiti men dushmnii kab dostii men badal jaae, kuchh kahaa nahiin jaa saktaa।)
उनकी दुश्मनी इतनी बढ़ गई कि दोनों एक-दूसरे से बात करना छोड़ बैठे।
Their enmity grew so much that the two of them stopped speaking to each other.
(unkii dushmnii itnii badh gaii ki donon ek-doosre se baat karnaa chhod baithe।)
गाँव में उस दुश्मनी के कारण कई पीढ़ियों तक शांति नहीं रही।
Because of that enmity, there was no peace in the village for many generations.
(gaanv men us dushmnii ke kaaran kaii piidhiyon tak shaanti nahiin rahii।)
बिना किसी वजह के दुश्मनी मत बढ़ाओ।
Don't escalate enmity without any reason.
(binaa kisii vajah ke dushmnii mat badhaao।)
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct):
दुश्मनी
(dushmnii)
(sg.f.oblique):
दुश्मनी
(dushmnii)
(pl.f.direct):
दुश्मनियाँ
(dushmniyaan)
(pl.f.oblique):
दुश्मनियों
(dushmniyon)