युग (yug)
noun
A single core sense: 'era' or 'age' in the sense of a long span of time, used both literally (historical/cosmic eras) and figuratively (an era defined by a person, event, or condition).
Sense
1
:
era, age, epoch
noun, masculine
Synonyms: काल (kaal), दौर (daur), ज़माना (zamaanaa, colloquial), अवधि (avdhi, meaning scope: period/duration, less about a defined age)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: In Hindu cosmology, युग (yug) refers to the four great cosmic ages -- सतयुग (satyug), द्वापरयुग (dvaaparyug), त्रेतायुग (tretaayug), and कलियुग (kaliyug, the current 'age of darkness/decline') -- so the word carries a weighty, almost mythic resonance even in modern use. You'll hear it in phrases like नया युग (nayaa yug, 'a new era') for anything from a technological shift to a political change, and casually as युगों-युगों तक (yugon-yugon tak, 'for ages and ages') to mean 'forever.'
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for समय (samay) or ज़माना (zamaanaa) when युग (yug) is meant -- युग (yug) implies a whole historical or cosmic age (like 'the digital era'), not just 'time' or 'these days' in a casual sense. 2) In compounds like युगों (yugon, 'ages,' oblique plural) it's used hyperbolically in everyday speech to mean 'a very long time,' e.g. युगों बाद (yugon baad, 'after ages') -- learners sometimes render this too literally as 'after eras.'
Sample Sentences:
कंप्यूटर के आने से एक नया युग शुरू हुआ।
The arrival of computers began a new era.
(kampyootar ke aane se ek nayaa yug shuroo huaa।)
हम एक ऐसे युग में रहते हैं जहाँ सब कुछ बदल रहा है।
We live in an era where everything is changing.
(ham ek aise yug men rahte hain jahaan sab kuchh badal rahaa hai।)
मुझे लगता है कि हम इंटरनेट के युग में जी रहे हैं।
I think we are living in the era of the internet.
(mujhe lagtaa hai ki ham intarnet ke yug men jii rahe hain।)
उस युग में लोग बहुत सीधे-सादे हुआ करते थे।
In that era, people used to be very simple and plain.
(us yug men log bahut siidhe-saade huaa karte the।)
यह किताब आधुनिक युग की सबसे बड़ी उपलब्धियों में से एक मानी जाती है।
This book is considered one of the greatest achievements of the modern era.
(yah kitaab aadhunik yug kii sabse badii uplabdhiyon men se ek maanii jaatii hai।)
काश हम उस स्वर्णिम युग में पैदा हुए होते।
If only we had been born in that golden era.
(kaash ham us svarnim yug men paidaa hue hote।)
यह मित्रता युगों-युगों तक याद रखी जाएगी।
This friendship will be remembered for ages and ages.
(yah mitrtaa yugon-yugon tak yaad rakhii jaaegii।)
प्रधानमंत्री ने कहा कि देश एक नए युग में प्रवेश कर रहा है।
The Prime Minister said that the country is entering a new era.
(pradhaanmantrii ne kahaa ki desh ek nae yug men pravesh kar rahaa hai।)
अगर विज्ञान इतनी तेजी से न बढ़ता, तो यह युग इतना अलग न होता।
If science had not advanced so rapidly, this era would not have been so different.
(agar vigyaan itnii tejii se n badhtaa, to yah yug itnaa alag n hotaa।)
इतिहासकार हर युग को अलग-अलग नामों से बाँटते हैं।
Historians divide every era into different names.
(itihaaskaar har yug ko alag-alag naamon se baantte hain।)
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct):
युग
(yug)
(sg.m.oblique):
युग
(yug)
(pl.m.direct):
युग
(yug)
(pl.m.oblique):
युगों
(yugon)