रंग (rang)

noun Primarily 'color/paint' as a noun, but branches into rich figurative and idiomatic territory -- mood, style, and the many fixed phrases built on रंग (rang).
Sense 1 : color, hue
noun, masculine
Synonyms: वर्ण (varn, literary)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Holi is the obvious cultural anchor: लोग एक दूसरे पर रंग डालते हैं (log ek doosre par rang daalte hain, 'people throw color on each other') is literally what the festival is about, and it's why रंग (rang) carries such a festive, joyful charge in Hindi beyond its plain dictionary sense.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes reach for वर्ण (varn) thinking it is the everyday word for color -- in conversation रंग (rang) is what people actually say; वर्ण (varn) sounds bookish or shows up in the context of 'caste/varna' instead.
Sample Sentences:
मुझे नीला रंग बहुत पसंद है। I like the color blue a lot.
(mujhe niilaa rang bahut pasand hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस दीवार का रंग बदलना है। The color of this wall needs to be changed.
(is diivaar kaa rang badalnaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
होली में लोग एक दूसरे पर रंग डालते हैं। During Holi, people throw color on each other.
(holii men log ek doosre par rang daalte hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस साड़ी का रंग कितना गहरा है! How deep the color of this sari is!
(is saadii kaa rang kitnaa gahraa hai!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बच्चे ने आसमान को नारंगी रंग से रंगा। The child painted the sky in an orange color.
(bachche ne aasmaan ko naarangii rang se rangaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम अपनी पसंद का रंग चुनते, तो कमरा और सुंदर लगता। If you had chosen a color of your liking, the room would have looked even more beautiful.
(agar tum apnii pasand kaa rang chunte, to kamraa aur sundar lagtaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
कृपया वही रंग चुनिए जो पहले वाले से मिलता हो। Please choose the same color that matches the earlier one.
(kripyaa vahii rang chunie jo pahle vaale se miltaa ho।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
पुरानी तस्वीर का रंग समय के साथ फीका पड़ गया है। The color of the old photograph has faded with time.
(puraanii tasviir kaa rang samay ke saath phiikaa pad gayaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
यह कुर्ता किस रंग में मिलेगा? What color will this kurta be available in?
(yah kurtaa kis rang men milegaa?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
इंद्रधनुष में सात रंग होते हैं। A rainbow has seven colors.
(indradhnush men saat rang hote hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
डिजाइनर चाहता है कि पर्दों का रंग सोफे से मेल खाए। The designer wants the color of the curtains to match the sofa.
(dijaainar chaahtaa hai ki pardon kaa rang sophe se mel khaae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : effect, impression, influence (as in रंग लाना, रंग दिखाना)
noun, masculine Occurs almost exclusively in set phrases: रंग लाना (rang laanaa, 'to bear fruit/have effect'), रंग दिखाना (rang dikhaanaa, 'to show one's true colors/effect'), रंग चढ़ना (rang chadhnaa, 'for an effect/influence to take hold').
Synonyms: असर (asar, closer synonym in this specific idiomatic use)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: आखिरकार मेहनत रंग लाई (aakhirkaar mehnat rang laaii, 'in the end the hard work paid off') is a very common thing to say about a student, athlete, or business finally succeeding after a long struggle -- this idiomatic cluster around रंग (rang) is worth learning as a set, since the individual pieces don't recombine freely.
Common Mistakes: 1) मेहनत ने रंग दिखाया (mehnat ne rang dikhaayaa, 'the hard work showed its effect') can look like the literal 'color' sense to a learner, but here रंग (rang) means 'result/effect,' not a visible hue -- this is a genuine figurative jump many learners miss on first exposure.
Sample Sentences:
आखिरकार उसकी मेहनत रंग लाई। In the end, his hard work paid off.
(aakhirkaar uskii mehnat rang laaii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
देखते हैं, यह तरकीब क्या रंग दिखाती है। Let's see what effect this trick has.
(dekhte hain, yah tarkiib kyaa rang dikhaatii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मुझे यकीन है कि उसकी कोशिशें रंग लाएँगी। I am sure his efforts will pay off.
(mujhe yakiin hai ki uskii koshishen rang laaengii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
अगर वह थोड़ी और मेहनत करता तो उसकी कोशिश ज़रूर रंग लाती। If he had worked a little harder, his effort would surely have paid off.
(agar vah thodii aur mehnat kartaa to uskii koshish zaroor rang laatii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
काश उसकी बरसों की तपस्या का यह रंग दिखता। If only the effect of his years of dedication had shown itself.
(kaash uskii barson kii tapasyaa kaa yah rang dikhtaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
कंपनी की नई रणनीति ने अपना रंग दिखाना शुरू कर दिया है। The company's new strategy has started showing its effect.
(kampnii kii naii ranniiti ne apnaa rang dikhaanaa shuroo kar diyaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
सर, मुझे विश्वास है कि आपकी सलाह का रंग जल्द ही दिखेगा। Sir, I believe the effect of your advice will show soon.
(sar, mujhe vishvaas hai ki aapkii salaah kaa rang jald hii dikhegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
जब मेहनत रंग लाती है, तब सारी थकान भूल जाती है। When hard work pays off, all the tiredness is forgotten.
(jab mehnat rang laatii hai, tab saarii thakaan bhool jaatii hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
टीम की एकजुटता ने आखिरकार मैदान में अपना रंग दिखा दिया। The team's unity finally showed its effect on the field.
(tiim kii ekjuttaa ne aakhirkaar maidaan men apnaa rang dikhaa diyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उम्मीद है कि इस बार उसका प्रयास रंग लाए। It's hoped that his effort pays off this time.
(ummiid hai ki is baar uskaa prayaas rang laae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
Sense 3 : paint, dye
noun, masculine
Synonyms: पेंट (pent, loanword, used for wall/house paint)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: When someone says दीवार पर रंग करना है (diivaar par rang karnaa hai, 'the wall needs painting'), रंग (rang) is doing double duty for both the substance and the act -- a painter is a रंगसाज़ (rangsaaz) in more old-fashioned speech, though most people today just say पेंटर (pentar).
Sample Sentences:
इस दीवार पर रंग करना है। This wall needs to be painted.
(is diivaar par rang karnaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बाज़ार से एक डिब्बा रंग ले आओ। Bring a can of paint from the market.
(baazaar se ek dibbaa rang le aao।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
कारीगर ने दरवाज़े पर सफ़ेद रंग लगाया। The workman applied white paint on the door.
(kaariigar ne darvaaze par safed rang lagaayaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यह रंग सूखने में कितना समय लेगा? How long will this paint take to dry?
(yah rang sookhne men kitnaa samay legaa?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
पुराना रंग पहले उतारा जाना चाहिए। The old paint should be scraped off first.
(puraanaa rang pahle utaaraa jaanaa chaahie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
अगर सस्ता रंग होता तो जल्दी उतर जाता। If it had been cheap paint, it would have come off quickly.
(agar sastaa rang hotaa to jaldii utar jaataa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
इस कपड़े को रंगने के लिए अच्छा रंग चाहिए। Good dye is needed to color this cloth.
(is kapde ko rangne ke lie achchhaa rang chaahie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कारखाने में तरह-तरह के रंग बनाए जाते हैं। Various kinds of paints are made in the factory.
(kaarkhaane men tarah-tarah ke rang banaae jaate hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
बच्चे दीवार पर रंग से चित्र बना रहे थे। The children were making pictures on the wall with paint.
(bachche diivaar par rang se chitr banaa rahe the।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
काश यह रंग थोड़ा गहरा होता। I wish this paint were a bit darker.
(kaash yah rang thodaa gahraa hotaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Voice: Active
Sense 4 : mood, state, disposition (figurative)
noun, masculine Common in phrases like रंग में आना (rang men aanaa, 'to get into the mood/spirit') and रंग बदलना (rang badalnaa, 'to change colors/moods').
Synonyms: मिज़ाज (mizaaj), ढंग (dhang, meaning scope: more 'manner/style' than 'mood')
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This sense lives almost entirely inside idioms rather than free combination -- रंग में भंग पड़ना (rang men bhang padnaa, 'to spoil the fun/mood') is a classic one you'll hear when a party or plan gets ruined partway through.
Common Mistakes: 1) आज मेरा रंग ठीक नहीं है is not how you'd say 'I'm not in a good mood' -- learners overextend the color sense; native speakers say तबीयत ठीक नहीं है (tabiiyat thiik nahiin hai) or मेरा मन नहीं लग रहा (meraa man nahiin lag rahaa) for that, reserving रंग (rang) for its own set fixed idioms rather than free substitution for 'mood.'
Sample Sentences:
आज पार्टी में सबका रंग जमा हुआ था कि अचानक बिजली चली गई। Today the mood at the party was in full swing when suddenly the power went out.
(aaj paartii men sabkaa rang jamaa huaa thaa ki achaanak bijlii chalii gaii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उसके आने से महफ़िल का रंग ही बदल गया। His arrival completely changed the mood of the gathering.
(uske aane se mahfil kaa rang hii badal gayaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
बारिश ने पिकनिक का सारा रंग बिगाड़ दिया। The rain completely spoiled the mood of the picnic.
(baarish ne piknik kaa saaraa rang bigaad diyaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उसकी बदतमीज़ी से पूरी शादी का रंग में भंग पड़ गया। His rudeness completely spoiled the mood of the whole wedding.
(uskii badatmiizii se poorii shaadii kaa rang men bhang pad gayaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
प्लीज़ ऐसी बात मत करो, रंग में भंग मत डालो। Please don't say such a thing, don't spoil the mood.
(pliiz aisii baat mat karo, rang men bhang mat daalo।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर वो नहीं आता तो शायद महफ़िल का रंग फीका रहता। If he hadn't come, the mood of the gathering might have stayed dull.
(agar vo nahiin aataa to shaayad mahfil kaa rang phiikaa rahtaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
डर है कि उसकी बात से रंग में भंग न पड़ जाए। There's a fear that his remark might spoil the mood.
(dar hai ki uskii baat se rang men bhang n pad jaae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
शाम होते-होते महफ़िल का रंग कुछ और ही हो गया था। By evening, the mood of the gathering had become something else entirely.
(shaam hote-hote mahfil kaa rang kuchh aur hii ho gayaa thaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जब तक वो गा रहा था, महफ़िल का रंग बना रहा। As long as he kept singing, the mood of the gathering stayed intact.
(jab tak vo gaa rahaa thaa, mahfil kaa rang banaa rahaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Sense 5 : style, flair, way of doing something (figurative)
noun, masculine Frequently seen in the phrase अपने रंग में (apne rang men, 'in one's own style/element').
Synonyms: अंदाज़ (andaaz), ढंग (dhang)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You'll hear this in praise like वो अपने रंग में बोलता है (vo apne rang men boltaa hai, 'he speaks in his own inimitable style') -- often said admiringly of performers, politicians, or anyone with a distinctive personal flair.
Sample Sentences:
वो अपने रंग में बोलता है। He speaks in his own inimitable style.
(vo apne rang men boltaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हर गायक का अपना अलग रंग होता है। Every singer has his own distinct style.
(har gaayak kaa apnaa alag rang hotaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस बार नेता जी अपने पुराने रंग में नज़र आए। This time the leader appeared in his old, familiar style.
(is baar netaa jii apne puraane rang men nazar aae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
काश वो अपने असली रंग में मंच पर आता। If only he had come on stage in his true style.
(kaash vo apne aslii rang men manch par aataa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
अपने रंग में आ जाओ, यह डर किस बात का! Come into your own style, what is there to be afraid of!
(apne rang men aa jaao, yah dar kis baat kaa!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
शायद वह मंच पर अपने रंग में आ जाए। Perhaps he'll get into his own style on stage.
(shaayad vah manch par apne rang men aa jaae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
इस कवि का रंग बाकी सबसे बिलकुल जुदा है। This poet's style is quite different from everyone else's.
(is kavi kaa rang baakii sabse bilkul judaa hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
आजकल के निर्देशकों में वो पुराना सिनेमाई रंग नहीं दिखता। That old cinematic style isn't seen in today's directors.
(aajkal ke nirdeshkon men vo puraanaa sinemaaii rang nahiin dikhtaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उस्ताद जी का गाने का रंग सुनकर लोग झूम उठते हैं। Hearing the ustad's singing style, people sway with delight.
(ustaad jii kaa gaane kaa rang sunkar log jhoom uthte hain।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): रंग (rang)
(sg.m.oblique): रंग (rang)
(pl.m.direct): रंग (rang)
(pl.m.oblique): रंगों (rangon)