जोड़ (jod)
noun
Primarily a noun meaning 'joint/junction' (as in a physical joining point) or 'sum/addition' in math; also used figuratively for a 'pair' or 'match' between two people or things. Related to the verb जोड़ना (jodnaa, 'to join, add').
Sense
1
:
the physical point where two things join; a joint
noun, masculine
Synonyms: जोड़ाई (jodaaii, less common), संधि (sandhi, formal/technical, also used for grammatical joins)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear this word at the doctor's when someone complains of घुटनों के जोड़ों में दर्द (ghutnon ke jodon men dard, 'pain in the knee joints') -- a very common complaint among elders in Delhi winters. It is also used for the joint in a pipe, a piece of furniture, or any two parts fitted together.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes confuse this with हड्डी का जोड़ (haddii kaa jod, 'bone joint') as if जोड़ (jod) always means a body joint -- it is the general word for any junction point, not limited to anatomy.
Sample Sentences:
सर्दियों में मेरी दादी के घुटनों के जोड़ों में बहुत दर्द होता है।
In winter my grandmother has a lot of pain in her knee joints.
(sardiyon men merii daadii ke ghutnon ke jodon men bahut dard hotaa hai।)
प्लम्बर ने पाइप के जोड़ पर सीलन देखी।
The plumber saw dampness at the joint of the pipe.
(plambar ne paaip ke jod par siilan dekhii।)
इस कुर्सी का जोड़ ढीला हो गया है, इसलिए यह हिलती रहती है।
This chair's joint has come loose, so it keeps wobbling.
(is kursii kaa jod dhiilaa ho gayaa hai, islie yah hiltii rahtii hai।)
डॉक्टर, मेरे कंधे के जोड़ में सुबह से जकड़न है।
Doctor, there has been stiffness in my shoulder joint since morning.
(doktar, mere kandhe ke jod men subah se jakdan hai।)
बढ़ई ने लकड़ी के दोनों टुकड़ों को इस तरह जोड़ा कि जोड़ बिल्कुल दिखाई नहीं देता।
The carpenter joined the two pieces of wood in such a way that the joint is not visible at all.
(badhaii ne lakdii ke donon tukdon ko is tarah jodaa ki jod bilkul dikhaaii nahiin detaa।)
अगर जोड़ मजबूत न हो, तो पूरा ढांचा गिर सकता है।
If the joint is not strong, the whole structure could collapse.
(agar jod majboot n ho, to pooraa dhaanchaa gir saktaa hai।)
जोड़ों में तेल मालिश करने से दर्द में आराम मिलता है।
Massaging the joints with oil brings relief from the pain.
(jodon men tel maalish karne se dard men aaraam miltaa hai।)
पहले इस पाइप का जोड़ ठीक करवा लो, फिर पानी छोड़ना।
First get this pipe's joint fixed, then let the water run.
(pahle is paaip kaa jod thiik karvaa lo, phir paanii chhodnaa।)
एक्स-रे में साफ दिख रहा था कि हड्डी का जोड़ खिसक गया था।
It was clearly visible in the X-ray that the bone's joint had slipped out of place.
(eks-re men saaph dikh rahaa thaa ki haddii kaa jod khisak gayaa thaa।)
यह मेज ऐसे बनाई गई है कि उसका कोई जोड़ दिखाई न दे।
This table has been made in such a way that none of its joints show.
(yah mej aise banaaii gaii hai ki uskaa koii jod dikhaaii n de।)
Sense
2
:
the sum or total in addition
noun, masculine Often appears in the phrase जोड़ लगाना (jod lagaanaa, 'to do the addition/tally up').
Synonyms: योग (yog, formal/mathematical), कुल (kul, total, broader use)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This is the word every Indian schoolkid learns in primary math class alongside घटाव (ghataav, subtraction), गुणा (gunaa, multiplication), and भाग (bhaag, division) -- जोड़, घटाव, गुणा, भाग (jod, ghataav, gunaa, bhaag, 'addition, subtraction, multiplication, division') is a set phrase drilled into every student.
Common Mistakes: 1) जोड़ (jod) specifically means 'addition/sum,' while घटाव (ghataav) is 'subtraction' -- learners sometimes mix these up when talking about basic math operations.
Sample Sentences:
बच्चों को पहले जोड़ सिखाया जाता है, फिर घटाव।
Children are taught addition first, then subtraction.
(bachchon ko pahle jod sikhaayaa jaataa hai, phir ghataav।)
मास्टरजी ने कहा, "जोड़, घटाव, गुणा, भाग -- चारों याद कर लो।"
The teacher said, "Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division -- memorize all four."
(maastarjii ne kahaa, "jod, ghataav, gunaa, bhaag -- chaaron yaad kar lo।")
इस सवाल में जोड़ की जगह भाग करना था।
In this problem, division had to be done instead of addition.
(is savaal men jod kii jagah bhaag karnaa thaa।)
जोड़ करते समय ध्यान रखना कि अंक सीधे लिखे हों।
While doing addition, make sure the digits are written straight.
(jod karte samay dhyaan rakhnaa ki ank siidhe likhe hon।)
अगर वह जोड़ में इतनी गलतियाँ न करता, तो पास हो जाता।
If he hadn't made so many mistakes in addition, he would have passed.
(agar vah jod men itnii galtiyaan n kartaa, to paas ho jaataa।)
इन सारे खर्चों का जोड़ पाँच हज़ार रुपये बनता है।
The total of all these expenses comes to five thousand rupees.
(in saare kharchon kaa jod paanch hazaar rupye bantaa hai।)
क्या तुम बता सकते हो कि इन नंबरों का जोड़ क्या होगा?
Can you tell what the sum of these numbers will be?
(kyaa tum bataa sakte ho ki in nambron kaa jod kyaa hogaa?)
परीक्षा में जोड़ का सवाल गलत निकल गया।
The addition problem in the exam turned out wrong.
(pariikshaa men jod kaa savaal galat nikal gayaa।)
अध्यापिका चाहती है कि बच्चे बिना कैलकुलेटर के जोड़ करें।
The teacher wants the children to do addition without a calculator.
(adhyaapikaa chaahtii hai ki bachche binaa kailkuletar ke jod karen।)
इन दो कॉलम का जोड़ अलग-अलग निकालकर फिर मिलाओ।
Work out the sum of these two columns separately, then combine them.
(in do kolam kaa jod alag-alag nikaalkar phir milaao।)
Sense
3
:
a matching pair or well-suited match, especially between two people
noun, masculine Common in the set phrase जोड़ी जमना (jodii jamnaa, 'to make a good pair') -- though that specific idiom uses जोड़ी (jodii) rather than जोड़ (jod) itself; जोड़ appears in phrases like क्या जोड़ है (kyaa jod hai, 'what a pair/match').
Synonyms: जोड़ी (jodii, more common for 'pair'), युगल (yugal, literary/formal)
Frequency: low
Cultural Note: You might hear an elder remark क्या जोड़ है (kyaa jod hai, 'what a pair/match [they make]') admiringly about a newly married couple -- it carries a sense of destined or fitting compatibility, much like 'made for each other' in English.
Common Mistakes: 1) जोड़ (jod) and जोड़ी (jodii) overlap in meaning ('pair, match') but जोड़ी (jodii) is far more frequent in everyday speech for describing a couple; using जोड़ (jod) alone in this sense can sound slightly literary or old-fashioned to some ears.
Sample Sentences:
क्या जोड़ है यह दोनों का!
What a pair these two make!
(kyaa jod hai yah donon kaa!)
दोनों की जोड़ी सच में जोड़ लगती है।
The two of them really do seem like a perfect match.
(donon kii jodii sach men jod lagtii hai।)
पंडित जी ने कहा कि यह जोड़ ऊपर से बना है।
The priest said that this match was made in heaven.
(pandit jii ne kahaa ki yah jod oopar se banaa hai।)
काश उनका जोड़ इतनी जल्दी न टूटता।
If only their pairing hadn't broken up so soon.
(kaash unkaa jod itnii jaldii n toottaa।)
अगर वह जोड़ बना रहता तो सब कितने खुश होते।
If that pair had stayed together, everyone would have been so happy.
(agar vah jod banaa rahtaa to sab kitne khush hote।)
मुझे लगता है इन दोनों का जोड़ बहुत अच्छा रहेगा।
I think these two will make a really good match.
(mujhe lagtaa hai in donon kaa jod bahut achchhaa rahegaa।)
शायद यही उसका सच्चा जोड़ हो।
Perhaps this is his true match.
(shaayad yahii uskaa sachchaa jod ho।)
रिश्ता तय करने से पहले घरवाले देखते हैं कि जोड़ मिलता है या नहीं।
Before fixing the match, the families check whether the two are a fitting pair.
(rishtaa tay karne se pahle gharvaale dekhte hain ki jod miltaa hai yaa nahiin।)
उनकी जोड़ी की चर्चा पूरे मोहल्ले में ऐसी होती है जैसे कोई आदर्श जोड़ मिल गया हो।
Their pairing is talked about all over the neighborhood as if an ideal match had been found.
(unkii jodii kii charchaa poore mohalle men aisii hotii hai jaise koii aadarsh jod mil gayaa ho।)
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct):
जोड़
(jod)
(sg.m.oblique):
जोड़
(jod)
(pl.m.direct):
जोड़
(jod)
(pl.m.oblique):
जोड़ों
(jodon)