प्रतिशत (pratishat)

noun A single-sense word meaning 'percent/percentage', used constantly in news, statistics, exam results, and everyday numeric talk.
Sense 1 : percent, percentage
noun, masculine Placed directly after the numeral, e.g. दस प्रतिशत (das pratishat, 'ten percent'), with no postposition needed between the number and the word.
Synonyms: फ़ीसद (fiisad), फ़ीसदी (fiisdii)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You'll hear this everywhere from election results on the news to a shopkeeper mentioning a discount, e.g. बीस प्रतिशत की छूट (biis pratishat kii chhoot, 'a twenty percent discount'). फ़ीसद (fiisad) and फ़ीसदी (fiisdii) are the everyday Urdu-flavored equivalents you'll hear just as often in casual Delhi speech, especially from older speakers and in spoken news.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes insert 'का' (kaa) between the number and प्रतिशत (pratishat) by analogy with other quantity phrases -- native speakers just say दस प्रतिशत (das pratishat, 'ten percent'), not दस का प्रतिशत (das kaa pratishat). 2) Confusing प्रतिशत (pratishat) with प्रतिशतता (pratishattaa, 'percentage rate/proportion as an abstract concept') -- the plain word is what you use with actual numbers in speech.
Sample Sentences:
इस दुकान पर बीस प्रतिशत की छूट मिल रही है। This shop is offering a twenty percent discount.
(is dukaan par biis pratishat kii chhoot mil rahii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसे परीक्षा में पिचानवे प्रतिशत अंक मिले। He got ninety-five percent marks in the exam.
(use pariikshaa men pichaanve pratishat ank mile।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
चुनाव आयोग के अनुसार साठ प्रतिशत मतदान हुआ है। According to the election commission, sixty percent voter turnout has occurred.
(chunaav aayog ke anusaar saath pratishat matdaan huaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर महंगाई इसी तरह बढ़ती रही, तो दस प्रतिशत की और वृद्धि हो सकती है। If inflation keeps rising like this, there could be another ten percent increase.
(agar mahangaaii isii tarah badhtii rahii, to das pratishat kii aur vriddhi ho saktii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
काश उसे पचास प्रतिशत भी अंक मिल जाते। If only he had gotten even fifty percent marks.
(kaash use pachaas pratishat bhii ank mil jaate।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
कंपनी अगले साल तक अपना मुनाफ़ा पंद्रह प्रतिशत बढ़ाएगी। The company will increase its profit by fifteen percent by next year.
(kampnii agle saal tak apnaa munaafaa pandrah pratishat badhaaegii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
कृपया यह बताइए कि कुल आबादी का कितना प्रतिशत साक्षर है। Please tell me what percentage of the total population is literate.
(kripyaa yah bataaie ki kul aabaadii kaa kitnaa pratishat saakshar hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
इस साल फ़सल का उत्पादन तीस प्रतिशत घटाया गया। This year the crop yield was reduced by thirty percent.
(is saal fasal kaa utpaadan tiis pratishat ghataayaa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
यार, सेल में सत्तर प्रतिशत तक का डिस्काउंट है, चल के देख लेते हैं। Dude, there's up to seventy percent discount in the sale, let's go check it out.
(yaar, sel men sattar pratishat tak kaa diskaaunt hai, chal ke dekh lete hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
देश की जीडीपी में सेवा क्षेत्र का योगदान पचपन प्रतिशत से अधिक है। The service sector's contribution to the country's GDP is more than fifty-five percent.
(desh kii jiidiipii men sevaa kshetr kaa yogdaan pachpan pratishat se adhik hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम अभी से मेहनत करो, तो पेपर में नब्बे प्रतिशत नंबर आ सकते हैं। If you work hard from now, you could score ninety percent marks in the paper.
(agar tum abhii se mehnat karo, to pepar men nabbe pratishat nambar aa sakte hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): प्रतिशत (pratishat)
(sg.m.oblique): प्रतिशत (pratishat)
(pl.m.direct): प्रतिशत (pratishat)
(pl.m.oblique): प्रतिशतों (pratishton)