शब्दकोश (shabdkosh)

noun A compound of शब्द (shabd, 'word') and कोश (kosh, 'treasury/repository') -- literally 'a treasury of words,' meaning 'dictionary.' One straightforward sense.
Sense 1 : dictionary
noun, masculine
Synonyms: डिक्शनरी (dikshanrii, common English loanword in speech), कोश (kosh, can also stand alone for 'dictionary/lexicon')
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This is a classic Sanskritic compound word (तत्पुरुष-style formation) of the kind you meet constantly in school textbooks and formal Hindi -- शब्द (shabd) plus कोश (kosh, 'treasury' or 'repository', the same कोश (kosh) as in कोषाध्यक्ष (koshaadhyaksh, 'treasurer')). Knowing this root helps you recognize other कोश (kosh) compounds, like पर्यायवाची कोश (paryaayvaachii kosh, 'thesaurus').
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes write शब्दकोष (shabdkosh) with ष instead of श; both spellings circulate, but शब्दकोश (shabdkosh) with श is the form taught in schools and preferred in formal writing. 2) In casual conversation, especially among younger or English-educated speakers, डिक्शनरी (dikshanrii) is actually more common than शब्दकोश (shabdkosh), which can sound a bit bookish or formal.
Sample Sentences:
मुझे एक अच्छा हिंदी शब्दकोश चाहिए। I need a good Hindi dictionary.
(mujhe ek achchhaa hindii shabdkosh chaahie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वह हर नए शब्द का मतलब शब्दकोश में देखती है। She looks up the meaning of every new word in the dictionary.
(vah har nae shabd kaa matlab shabdkosh men dekhtii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मैंने कल एक पुराना शब्दकोश खरीदा। I bought an old dictionary yesterday.
(mainne kal ek puraanaa shabdkosh khariidaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
कृपया शब्दकोश में इस शब्द की वर्तनी जाँच लीजिए। Please check the spelling of this word in the dictionary.
(kripyaa shabdkosh men is shabd kii vartnii jaanch liijie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
यह शब्दकोश प्रकाशक द्वारा हर साल अद्यतन किया जाता है। This dictionary is updated by the publisher every year.
(yah shabdkosh prakaashak dvaaraa har saal adytan kiyaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
अगर मेरे पास शब्दकोश होता, तो मैं यह शब्द अभी देख लेता। If I had a dictionary, I would look up this word right now.
(agar mere paas shabdkosh hotaa, to main yah shabd abhii dekh letaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
बच्चे स्कूल में शब्दकोश का इस्तेमाल करना सीख रहे हैं। The children are learning to use a dictionary in school.
(bachche skool men shabdkosh kaa istemaal karnaa siikh rahe hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
शायद लाइब्रेरी में कोई अच्छा शब्दकोश मिल जाए। Maybe a good dictionary will be found in the library.
(shaayad laaibrerii men koii achchhaa shabdkosh mil jaae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
इस विश्वविद्यालय का शब्दकोश पर्यायवाची कोश से भी बड़ा है। This university's dictionary is even bigger than the thesaurus.
(is vishvvidyaalay kaa shabdkosh paryaayvaachii kosh se bhii badaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
आज के समय में लोग शब्दकोश की जगह मोबाइल ऐप इस्तेमाल करते हैं। Nowadays people use mobile apps instead of a dictionary.
(aaj ke samay men log shabdkosh kii jagah mobaail aip istemaal karte hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): शब्दकोश (shabdkosh)
(sg.m.oblique): शब्दकोश (shabdkosh)
(pl.m.direct): शब्दकोश (shabdkosh)
(pl.m.oblique): शब्दकोशों (shabdkoshon)