स्नान (snaan)

noun A formal/Sanskritic noun meaning 'bath, bathing,' often carrying a ritual or purificatory sense alongside the plain physical one; the everyday spoken word for bathing is नहाना (nahaanaa).
Sense 1 : bath, bathing (act of washing the body)
noun, masculine
Synonyms: गुसल (gusal, rare)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear स्नान (snaan) most in religious or formal contexts -- pilgrims doing स्नान (snaan) in the Ganga, or a priest instructing स्नान करके आइए (snaan karke aaie, 'please come after bathing') before a puja. In ordinary daily conversation about your morning routine, नहाना (nahaanaa) is what people actually say.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often use स्नान (snaan) where spoken Hindi would use the verb नहाना (nahaanaa) instead -- स्नान (snaan) is a noun and mainly appears in set phrases like स्नान करना (snaan karnaa, 'to bathe') rather than as the default way to say 'I bathed.' 2) स्नान करना (snaan karnaa) takes ने (ne) in the past like any transitive verb+object phrase -- मैंने स्नान किया (mainne snaan kiyaa, 'I bathed') -- which surprises learners who default to नहाया (nahaayaa) being intransitive.
Sample Sentences:
पुजारी ने कहा कि पूजा से पहले स्नान करके आइए। The priest said to come after taking a bath, before the puja.
(pujaarii ne kahaa ki poojaa se pahle snaan karke aaie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
सुबह स्नान करना उनकी दिनचर्या का हिस्सा है। Bathing in the morning is part of his daily routine.
(subah snaan karnaa unkii dincharyaa kaa hissaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वह स्नान कर रहा है, थोड़ा इंतज़ार कीजिए। He is bathing right now, please wait a little.
(vah snaan kar rahaa hai, thodaa intzaar kiijie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
स्नान के बाद ही भोजन करें। Eat only after bathing.
(snaan ke baad hii bhojan karen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अस्पताल में मरीज़ का स्नान नर्स द्वारा कराया जाता है। In the hospital, the patient's bath is given by the nurse.
(asptaal men mariiz kaa snaan nars dvaaraa karaayaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
अगर समय होता तो मैं आराम से स्नान करता। If I had time, I would have bathed leisurely.
(agar samay hotaa to main aaraam se snaan kartaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
यात्रा से लौटकर उसने पहले स्नान किया, फिर आराम किया। Returning from the journey, he first took a bath, then rested.
(yaatraa se lautkar usne pahle snaan kiyaa, phir aaraam kiyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
स्नान से पहले दवा लगाने की सलाह दी गई थी। It had been advised to apply the medicine before bathing.
(snaan se pahle davaa lagaane kii salaah dii gaii thii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
डॉक्टर ने कहा कि रोज़ स्नान करना चाहिए, ताकि त्वचा साफ़ रहे। The doctor said one should bathe daily, so that the skin stays clean.
(doktar ne kahaa ki roz snaan karnaa chaahie, taaki tvachaa saaf rahe।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
स्नान के लिए गर्म पानी तैयार कर दिया गया है। Hot water has been prepared for the bath.
(snaan ke lie garm paanii taiyaar kar diyaa gayaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Sense 2 : ritual/purificatory bath (religious sense)
noun, masculine
Synonyms: पवित्र स्नान (pavitr snaan, 'sacred bath')
Frequency: devotional
Cultural Note: This is the sense behind terms like कुंभ स्नान (kumbh snaan, 'the ritual bathing at the Kumbh Mela') or गंगा स्नान (gangaa snaan, 'bathing in the Ganga for spiritual merit'). Here स्नान (snaan) is not just hygiene -- it is an act of purification, tied to specific rivers, festivals, and auspicious dates (like मकर संक्रांति, makar sankraanti).
Sample Sentences:
मकर संक्रांति के दिन गंगा स्नान का विशेष महत्व है। On Makar Sankranti, bathing in the Ganga has special significance.
(makar sankraanti ke din gangaa snaan kaa vishesh mahatv hai।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कुंभ के दौरान करोड़ों श्रद्धालु स्नान करने के लिए इलाहाबाद पहुँचते हैं। During the Kumbh, tens of millions of devotees arrive in Allahabad to take the ritual bath.
(kumbh ke dauraan karodon shraddhaalu snaan karne ke lie ilaahaabaad pahunchte hain।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पंडित जी ने कहा कि पूजा से पहले स्नान करना अनिवार्य है। The priest said that taking the ritual bath before worship is mandatory.
(pandit jii ne kahaa ki poojaa se pahle snaan karnaa anivaary hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यदि तुम गंगा स्नान करना चाहते हो तो हरिद्वार चलो। If you want to take the ritual bath in the Ganga, then let's go to Haridwar.
(yadi tum gangaa snaan karnaa chaahte ho to haridvaar chalo।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
काश मैं भी इस बार कुंभ स्नान कर पाता। If only I too could have taken the ritual bath at the Kumbh this time.
(kaash main bhii is baar kumbh snaan kar paataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
अमावस्या के दिन स्नान करके दान देने की परंपरा है। There is a tradition of taking the ritual bath and giving alms on the new-moon day.
(amaavasyaa ke din snaan karke daan dene kii parampraa hai।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
स्नान करने से पहले गंगा माता का ध्यान करो। Before taking the ritual bath, meditate upon Mother Ganga.
(snaan karne se pahle gangaa maataa kaa dhyaan karo।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
शास्त्रों में कहा गया है कि तीर्थ स्नान से पापों का नाश होता है। It is said in the scriptures that bathing at a holy site destroys one's sins.
(shaastron men kahaa gayaa hai ki tiirth snaan se paapon kaa naash hotaa hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
भोर होते ही यात्रियों ने संगम में स्नान किया। As soon as dawn broke, the pilgrims took their ritual bath at the confluence.
(bhor hote hii yaatriyon ne sangam men snaan kiyaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): स्नान (snaan)
(sg.m.oblique): स्नान (snaan)
(pl.m.direct): स्नान (snaan)
(pl.m.oblique): स्नानों (snaanon)