वर्षा (varshaa)

noun A more formal/literary word for 'rain', used alongside the everyday बारिश (baarish); one primary sense as a noun for rainfall.
Sense 1 : rain, rainfall
noun, feminine
Synonyms: बारिश (baarish), बरसात (barsaat)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will meet वर्षा (varshaa) constantly in school textbooks, weather bulletins, and words like वर्षा ऋतु (varshaa ritu, 'the rainy season') -- it carries a slightly formal, almost poetic weight compared to the everyday बारिश (baarish) that people actually shout about when they run for cover. Think of वर्षा (varshaa) as the word you read, and बारिश (baarish) as the word you live.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners default to बारिश (baarish) in speech and rarely reach for वर्षा (varshaa), which sounds more bookish or news-like -- fine in writing or a weather report, a bit stiff if you say it to a shopkeeper while ducking under an awning. 2) वर्षा (varshaa) is feminine, so verb and adjective agreement follows the feminine pattern, same as बारिश (baarish) -- learners sometimes default to masculine agreement by mistake.
Sample Sentences:
इस वर्ष वर्षा समय पर हुई। This year the rain came on time.
(is varsh varshaa samay par huii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जुलाई में यहाँ भारी वर्षा होती है। In July, heavy rain occurs here.
(julaaii men yahaan bhaarii varshaa hotii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मौसम विभाग ने अगले सप्ताह वर्षा की संभावना जताई है। The meteorological department has indicated the possibility of rain next week.
(mausam vibhaag ne agle saptaah varshaa kii sambhaavnaa jataaii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वर्षा ऋतु में नदियाँ उफान पर आ जाती हैं। During the rainy season, rivers swell in flood.
(varshaa ritu men nadiyaan uphaan par aa jaatii hain।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
आज रात भारी वर्षा हो रही है। Heavy rain is falling tonight.
(aaj raat bhaarii varshaa ho rahii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
यदि समय पर वर्षा न हो, तो फसलें सूख जाएँगी। If rain does not come on time, the crops will dry up.
(yadi samay par varshaa n ho, to phaslen sookh jaaengii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
अगर इस वर्ष अच्छी वर्षा होती, तो किसानों को इतनी चिंता न होती। If there had been good rain this year, the farmers would not have had so much worry.
(agar is varsh achchhii varshaa hotii, to kisaanon ko itnii chintaa n hotii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
वर्षा का जल संचयन आजकल एक आवश्यक विषय बन गया है। Rainwater harvesting has become an essential topic these days.
(varshaa kaa jal sanchyan aajkal ek aavashyak vishay ban gayaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
प्राचीन काल में वर्षा को देवताओं का आशीर्वाद माना जाता था। In ancient times, rain was considered a blessing of the gods.
(praachiin kaal men varshaa ko devtaaon kaa aashiirvaad maanaa jaataa thaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
वर्षा के आगमन से धरती हरी-भरी हो जाएगी। With the arrival of the rain, the earth will turn lush and green.
(varshaa ke aagman se dhartii harii-bharii ho jaaegii।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): वर्षा (varshaa)
(sg.f.oblique): वर्षा (varshaa)
(pl.f.direct): वर्षाएँ (varshaaen)
(pl.f.oblique): वर्षाओं (varshaaon)