किनारा (kinaaraa)
noun/verb
Primarily a physical-world noun meaning 'edge, bank, shore' (kinaaraa), with a common figurative extension meaning 'distance oneself, withdraw' via the compound किनारा करना (kinaaraa karnaa).
Sense
1
:
edge, bank, shore
noun, masculine
Synonyms: तट (tat, literary), साहिल (saahil), छोर (chhor, end/tip sense)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Picture the Yamuna's किनारा (kinaaraa) where people go for a walk in the evening, or the किनारा (kinaaraa) of a सारी (saarii) with its decorative border -- the word stretches easily from riverbanks to fabric edges to the rim of a plate. It's a very tactile, visual word that Hindi speakers reach for constantly.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for तट (tat) by default because it is the 'dictionary' word, but किनारा (kinaaraa) is what people actually say for a riverbank, roadside, or the edge of a table in everyday speech. 2) साहिल (saahil) leans toward sea/ocean shores in poetic or romantic contexts, while किनारा (kinaaraa) is the general, all-purpose word for any edge.
Sample Sentences:
शाम को हम यमुना के किनारे घूमने जाते हैं।
In the evening we go for a walk on the bank of the Yamuna.
(shaam ko ham yamunaa ke kinaare ghoomne jaate hain।)
नदी का किनारा बहुत फिसलन भरा था।
The riverbank was very slippery.
(nadii kaa kinaaraa bahut phislan bharaa thaa।)
इस साड़ी का किनारा सोने के तार से बना है।
The border of this sari is made of gold thread.
(is saadii kaa kinaaraa sone ke taar se banaa hai।)
प्लेट का किनारा थोड़ा टूटा हुआ है।
The edge of the plate is a bit chipped.
(plet kaa kinaaraa thodaa tootaa huaa hai।)
किनारे पर बैठकर वह डूबते सूरज को देख रही थी।
Sitting on the shore, she was watching the setting sun.
(kinaare par baithkar vah doobte sooraj ko dekh rahii thii।)
कल हम समुद्र के किनारे जाएँगे।
Tomorrow we will go to the seashore.
(kal ham samudr ke kinaare jaaenge।)
अगर नाव किनारे के पास होती, तो हम आसानी से उतर जाते।
If the boat had been near the bank, we would have gotten off easily.
(agar naav kinaare ke paas hotii, to ham aasaanii se utar jaate।)
कृपया मेज़ के किनारे पर मोमबत्ती मत रखिए, गिर जाएगी।
Please don't put the candle on the edge of the table, it will fall.
(kripyaa mez ke kinaare par mombattii mat rakhie, gir jaaegii।)
नाव को किनारे तक खींच लो, तूफ़ान आ रहा है।
Pull the boat all the way to the shore, a storm is coming.
(naav ko kinaare tak khiinch lo, toofaan aa rahaa hai।)
मुमकिन है कि तालाब का किनारा मानसून में और चौड़ा हो जाए।
It's possible that the edge of the pond will widen further during the monsoon.
(mumkin hai ki taalaab kaa kinaaraa maansoon men aur chaudaa ho jaae।)
पुरानी कविताओं में जीवन को अक्सर एक ऐसी नदी कहा गया है जिसका किनारा कभी नहीं मिलता।
In old poems, life is often called a river whose shore is never found.
(puraanii kavitaaon men jiivan ko aksar ek aisii nadii kahaa gayaa hai jiskaa kinaaraa kabhii nahiin miltaa।)
Sense
2
:
to distance oneself, avoid, withdraw (from someone/something)
verb, intransitive Occurs as the compound किनारा करना (kinaaraa karnaa), with the person or thing being avoided marked by से (se): किसी से किनारा करना (kisii se kinaaraa karnaa, 'to distance oneself from someone').
Synonyms: बचना (bachnaa), दूर रहना (door rahnaa), अलग होना (alag honaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This is the verb for the quiet social move of pulling back from someone -- not a dramatic fight, just a gradual किनारा करना (kinaaraa karnaa) after a falling-out, the kind of thing relatives describe when explaining why two cousins don't talk much anymore. It's the same किनारा (kinaaraa) as 'riverbank' -- the image is of standing at the edge, keeping your distance from the water (or the person).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes try to mark the avoided person/thing with को (ko) by analogy with other verbs, but किनारा करना (kinaaraa karnaa) specifically takes से (se). 2) This phrase implies a deliberate, often social or emotional withdrawal -- avoiding someone at a gathering, distancing from a friend after a dispute -- rather than physically dodging an object, which would use बचना (bachnaa) instead.
Sample Sentences:
उसने झगड़े के बाद अपने भाई से किनारा कर लिया।
After the fight, he distanced himself from his brother.
(usne jhagde ke baad apne bhaaii se kinaaraa kar liyaa।)
वह धीरे-धीरे पुराने दोस्तों से किनारा करने लगी है।
She has gradually started keeping away from her old friends.
(vah dhiire-dhiire puraane doston se kinaaraa karne lagii hai।)
जब भी बात पैसों की आती है, वह किनारा कर जाता है।
Whenever the topic of money comes up, he withdraws.
(jab bhii baat paison kii aatii hai, vah kinaaraa kar jaataa hai।)
तुम इस मामले से किनारा मत करो, हमें तुम्हारी मदद चाहिए।
Don't distance yourself from this matter, we need your help.
(tum is maamle se kinaaraa mat karo, hamen tumhaarii madad chaahie।)
अगर वह सच में परवाह करता तो इस तरह किनारा न करता।
If he really cared, he wouldn't withdraw like this.
(agar vah sach men parvaah kartaa to is tarah kinaaraa n kartaa।)
रिश्तेदार बताते हैं कि किसी बात पर मनमुटाव हुआ था, तभी से दोनों ने एक-दूसरे से किनारा कर लिया है।
Relatives say there was some falling-out over something, and since then the two of them have kept away from each other.
(rishtedaar bataate hain ki kisii baat par manmutaav huaa thaa, tabhii se donon ne ek-doosre se kinaaraa kar liyaa hai।)
कंपनी ने विवाद बढ़ते ही उस सौदे से किनारा कर लिया।
The company withdrew from the deal as soon as the controversy grew.
(kampnii ne vivaad badhte hii us saude se kinaaraa kar liyaa।)
मुझे डर है कि वह इस प्रोजेक्ट से किनारा कर सकता है।
I'm afraid he might withdraw from this project.
(mujhe dar hai ki vah is projekt se kinaaraa kar saktaa hai।)
नेता जी विवादों से हमेशा किनारा करना बेहतर समझते हैं।
The leader always considers it better to steer clear of controversies.
(netaa jii vivaadon se hameshaa kinaaraa karnaa behtar samajhte hain।)
क्या तुम भी अब मुझसे किनारा करोगी?
Are you going to keep away from me now too?
(kyaa tum bhii ab mujhse kinaaraa karogii?)
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct):
किनारा
(kinaaraa)
(sg.m.oblique):
किनारे
(kinaare)
(pl.m.direct):
किनारे
(kinaare)
(pl.m.oblique):
किनारों
(kinaaron)
Verb
infinitive:
किनारा
(kinaaraa)
infinitive oblique:
किनारने
(kinaarne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
किनारता
(kinaartaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
किनारते
(kinaarte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
किनारती
(kinaartii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
किनारतीं
(kinaartiin)
continuous (sg.m):
किनार रहा
(kinaar rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
किनार रहे
(kinaar rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
किनार रही
(kinaar rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
किनार रहीं
(kinaar rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
किनारा
(kinaaraa)
perfective (pl.m):
किनारे
(kinaare)
perfective (sg.f):
किनारी
(kinaarii)
perfective (pl.f):
किनारीं
(kinaariin)
imperative (informal):
किनार
(kinaar)
imperative (neutral):
किनारो
(kinaaro)
imperative (formal):
किनारिए
(kinaarie)
future (1sg.m):
किनारूँगा
(kinaaroongaa)
future (1sg.f):
किनारूँगी
(kinaaroongii)
future (1pl.m):
किनारेंगे
(kinaarenge)
future (1pl.f):
किनारेंगी
(kinaarengii)
future (2sg.m):
किनारेगा
(kinaaregaa)
future (2sg.f):
किनारेगी
(kinaaregii)
future (2pl.m):
किनारोगे
(kinaaroge)
future (2pl.f):
किनारोगी
(kinaarogii)
future (3sg.m):
किनारेगा
(kinaaregaa)
future (3sg.f):
किनारेगी
(kinaaregii)
future (3pl.m):
किनारेंगे
(kinaarenge)
future (3pl.f):
किनारेंगी
(kinaarengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
किनारूँ
(kinaaroon)
subjunctive (1pl):
किनारें
(kinaaren)
subjunctive (2sg):
किनारे
(kinaare)
subjunctive (2pl):
किनारो
(kinaaro)
subjunctive (3sg):
किनारे
(kinaare)
subjunctive (3pl):
किनारें
(kinaaren)