गरमी (garmii)

noun Mainly means 'heat' -- both the physical/weather sense and the summer season -- with a secondary figurative sense of 'anger, heat of temper.' Also spelled गर्मी (garmii) with a nukta-free rendering; both spellings are common.

Sense 1 : heat (temperature)

noun, feminine

Synonyms: ताप (taap, formal/scientific), उष्णता (ushntaa, literary)

Frequency: high

Cultural Note: This is the word every Delhi household reaches for from April onward -- गरमी बहुत है (garmii bahut hai, 'it's very hot') is practically a season greeting on the street. It pairs naturally with सर्दी (sardii, 'cold'), and the two words together map the whole North Indian weather cycle that people organize daily life around.

Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for तापमान (taapmaan) when they just mean 'it's hot' -- तापमान (taapmaan) is 'temperature' as a measurable quantity, while गरमी (garmii) is the everyday word for the felt heat itself. 2) The common weather complaint uses a दे body-frame: गरमी लग रही है (garmii lag rahii hai, 'I'm feeling hot') -- learners sometimes try to make themselves the grammatical subject instead of using लगना (lagnaa) with गरमी as the subject.

Sample Sentences:

आज बहुत गरमी है। It's very hot today.

(aaj bahut garmii hai।)

दोपहर में गरमी बहुत बढ़ जाती है। The heat increases a lot in the afternoon.

(dopahar men garmii bahut badh jaatii hai।)

कल इतनी गरमी थी कि बाहर निकलना मुश्किल था। It was so hot yesterday that it was difficult to go outside.

(kal itnii garmii thii ki baahar nikalnaa mushkil thaa।)

इस चाय की गरमी अभी तक कम नहीं हुई है। The heat of this tea hasn't gone down yet.

(is chaay kii garmii abhii tak kam nahiin huii hai।)

अगर गरमी इतनी ज़्यादा न होती तो हम पैदल चल सकते थे। If the heat weren't so much, we could have walked.

(agar garmii itnii zyaadaa n hotii to ham paidal chal sakte the।)

गरमी से बचने के लिए ठंडा पानी पिया करो। Drink cold water to protect yourself from the heat.

(garmii se bachne ke lie thandaa paanii piyaa karo।)

शायद कल गरमी थोड़ी कम हो जाए। Maybe the heat will lessen a bit tomorrow.

(shaayad kal garmii thodii kam ho jaae।)

दिल्ली में मई-जून की गरमी सहन करना आसान नहीं है। Enduring the heat of May-June in Delhi isn't easy.

(dillii men maii-joon kii garmii sahan karnaa aasaan nahiin hai।)

इंजन की गरमी की वजह से गाड़ी रोकनी पड़ी। The car had to be stopped because of the engine's heat.

(injan kii garmii kii vajah se gaadii roknii padii।)

सूरज की गरमी से ज़मीन तप रही थी। The ground was scorching from the sun's heat.

(sooraj kii garmii se zamiin tap rahii thii।)

गरमी और सर्दी दोनों ही यहाँ अपने चरम पर पहुँचती हैं। Both heat and cold reach their extremes here.

(garmii aur sardii donon hii yahaan apne charam par pahunchtii hain।)

इतनी गरमी में एसी के बिना काम चलाया नहीं जा सकता। In this much heat, things can't be managed without an AC.

(itnii garmii men esii ke binaa kaam chalaayaa nahiin jaa saktaa।)

Sense 2 : summer (the season)

noun, feminine Often used in the plural-feeling phrase गरमी की छुट्टियाँ (garmii kii chhuttiyaan, 'summer vacation'), a set phrase every school-going kid in India knows.

Synonyms: गरमी का मौसम (garmii kaa mausam, 'summer season', fuller phrase)

Frequency: high

Cultural Note: गरमी की छुट्टियाँ (garmii kii chhuttiyaan, 'summer holidays') are a childhood institution in India -- schools close for weeks in May-June, and the phrase itself carries that same nostalgia English speakers get from 'summer break.'

Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes say मौसम गरमी (mausam garmii) instead of the correct possessive order गरमी का मौसम (garmii kaa mausam, 'the season of heat/summer').

Sample Sentences:

गरमी की छुट्टियाँ जून में शुरू होती हैं। Summer holidays start in June.

(garmii kii chhuttiyaan joon men shuroo hotii hain।)

इस गरमी में हम नैनीताल जा रहे हैं। This summer we are going to Nainital.

(is garmii men ham nainiitaal jaa rahe hain।)

पिछली गरमी में मैंने अपनी दादी के घर बहुत मज़ा किया था। Last summer I had a lot of fun at my grandmother's house.

(pichhlii garmii men mainne apnii daadii ke ghar bahut mazaa kiyaa thaa।)

काश गरमी की छुट्टियाँ और लंबी होतीं। I wish summer holidays were longer.

(kaash garmii kii chhuttiyaan aur lambii hotiin।)

अगर गरमी में स्कूल न बंद होते, तो बच्चे बहुत नाराज़ होते। If schools didn't close in summer, the children would be very upset.

(agar garmii men skool n band hote, to bachche bahut naaraaz hote।)

गरमी आते ही आम बाज़ार में दिखने लगते हैं। As soon as summer arrives, mangoes start appearing in the market.

(garmii aate hii aam baazaar men dikhne lagte hain।)

अगली गरमी तक यह प्रोजेक्ट पूरा हो जाएगा। By next summer, this project will be complete.

(aglii garmii tak yah projekt pooraa ho jaaegaa।)

बच्चों, गरमी की छुट्टियों में हर रोज़ किताब पढ़ना। Kids, read a book every day during the summer holidays.

(bachchon, garmii kii chhuttiyon men har roz kitaab padhnaa।)

शायद इस गरमी में हमारी दिल्ली यात्रा टल जाए। Perhaps our Delhi trip will be postponed this summer.

(shaayad is garmii men hamaarii dillii yaatraa tal jaae।)

गरमी के मौसम में स्कूलों में सुबह की कक्षाएँ लगाई जाती हैं। During the summer season, morning classes are held in schools.

(garmii ke mausam men skoolon men subah kii kakshaaen lagaaii jaatii hain।)

मुझे बचपन की गरमी की छुट्टियाँ आज भी याद आती हैं। I still remember the summer holidays of my childhood.

(mujhe bachpan kii garmii kii chhuttiyaan aaj bhii yaad aatii hain।)

Sense 3 : anger, heat of temper (figurative)

noun, feminine Common in the fixed collocation गरमी दिखाना (garmii dikhaanaa, 'to show attitude/temper') and गरमी उतरना (garmii utarnaa, 'for one's temper to cool down').

Synonyms: गुस्सा (gussaa), तेज़ी (tezii, less common in this figurative sense)

Frequency: medium

Cultural Note: You'll hear an elder scold a mouthy youngster with ज़्यादा गरमी मत दिखाओ (zyaadaa garmii mat dikhaao, 'don't show so much attitude') -- the metaphor of temper-as-heat runs the same direction in English ('hot-headed', 'heated argument'), so this sense usually feels intuitive to English speakers.

Common Mistakes: 1) This figurative sense overlaps with गुस्सा (gussaa) but leans specifically toward a hot-headed, provocative display of temper rather than plain anger -- learners sometimes use them as flat synonyms in all contexts, which is not quite right.

Sample Sentences:

ज़्यादा गरमी मत दिखाओ, समझे? Don't show so much attitude, understand?

(zyaadaa garmii mat dikhaao, samjhe?)

उसकी बात सुनकर मुझे बहुत गरमी आ गई। Hearing what he said, I got really heated.

(uskii baat sunkar mujhe bahut garmii aa gaii।)

छोटी-छोटी बातों पर वह गरमी दिखाता है। He loses his temper over the smallest things.

(chhotii-chhotii baaton par vah garmii dikhaataa hai।)

बॉस के सामने इतनी गरमी दिखाना ठीक नहीं है। Showing so much temper in front of the boss isn't right.

(bos ke saamne itnii garmii dikhaanaa thiik nahiin hai।)

काश वह इतनी गरमी न दिखाता, बात बढ़ती ही नहीं। If only he hadn't shown so much temper, the matter wouldn't have escalated at all.

(kaash vah itnii garmii n dikhaataa, baat badhtii hii nahiin।)

अगर उसकी गरमी थोड़ी कम होती तो सब कुछ शांति से सुलझ जाता। If his temper had been a little less, everything would have been resolved peacefully.

(agar uskii garmii thodii kam hotii to sab kuchh shaanti se sulajh jaataa।)

मीटिंग में उसकी गरमी देखकर सब चुप हो गए। Seeing his temper flare in the meeting, everyone fell silent.

(miiting men uskii garmii dekhkar sab chup ho gae।)

अगर तुम इतनी गरमी दिखाओगे तो कोई तुमसे बात नहीं करेगा। If you keep showing this much temper, no one will talk to you.

(agar tum itnii garmii dikhaaoge to koii tumse baat nahiin karegaa।)

उसकी गरमी की वजह से कई दोस्त उससे दूर हो गए हैं। Because of his temper, several friends have distanced themselves from him.

(uskii garmii kii vajah se kaii dost usse door ho gae hain।)

थोड़ी गरमी कम दिखाओ तो बात आसानी से बन जाएगी। Tone down the temper a bit and things will work out easily.

(thodii garmii kam dikhaao to baat aasaanii se ban jaaegii।)

Morphology

Noun

(sg.f.direct): गरमी (garmii)

(sg.f.oblique): गरमी (garmii)

(pl.f.direct): गरमियाँ (garmiyaan)

(pl.f.oblique): गरमियों (garmiyon)