भाग (bhaag)
noun/verb
Two main threads: a noun meaning 'part/portion/share' (also 'fate' in a fixed idiom), and the imperative form of the verb भागना (bhaagnaa, 'to run/flee') -- 'run!' or 'go away!'
Sense
1
:
part, portion, share
noun, masculine
Synonyms: हिस्सा (hissaa), अंश (ansh, formal), टुकड़ा (tukdaa, a physical piece rather than an abstract share)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will see भाग (bhaag) constantly in school textbooks and official documents -- chapters are called भाग एक (bhaag ek, 'part one'), भाग दो (bhaag do, 'part two'), and so on. हिस्सा (hissaa) is the word you would actually reach for in casual conversation about splitting a bill or dividing property.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for टुकड़ा (tukdaa) when they mean an abstract share or division (like a part of a book or a share in a business) -- भाग (bhaag) and हिस्सा (hissaa) are the natural choices there, while टुकड़ा (tukdaa) suggests a physically broken-off piece.
Sample Sentences:
यह किताब तीन भागों में बँटी है।
This book is divided into three parts.
(yah kitaab tiin bhaagon men bantii hai।)
भाग एक में इतिहास की शुरुआत बताई गई है।
Part one describes the beginning of history.
(bhaag ek men itihaas kii shuruaat bataaii gaii hai।)
कृपया भाग दो पढ़कर परीक्षा में आइए।
Please read part two before coming to the exam.
(kripyaa bhaag do padhkar pariikshaa men aaie।)
शहर का यह भाग बहुत पुराना है।
This part of the city is very old.
(shahar kaa yah bhaag bahut puraanaa hai।)
अगर संपत्ति का बँटवारा होता, तो हर भाई को एक भाग मिलता।
If the property were divided, each brother would get one part.
(agar sampatti kaa bantvaaraa hotaa, to har bhaaii ko ek bhaag miltaa।)
दस्तावेज़ का यह भाग ध्यान से पढ़ा जाना चाहिए।
This part of the document should be read carefully.
(dastaavez kaa yah bhaag dhyaan se padhaa jaanaa chaahie।)
परीक्षा का दूसरा भाग कल शुरू होगा।
The second part of the exam will start tomorrow.
(pariikshaa kaa doosraa bhaag kal shuroo hogaa।)
फिल्म का यह भाग पहले वाले से कहीं ज़्यादा दिलचस्प था।
This part of the movie was far more interesting than the previous one.
(philm kaa yah bhaag pahle vaale se kahiin zyaadaa dilchasp thaa।)
संविधान का यह भाग मौलिक अधिकारों से संबंधित है।
This part of the Constitution deals with fundamental rights.
(sanvidhaan kaa yah bhaag maulik adhikaaron se sambandhit hai।)
शायद अगला भाग इस हफ़्ते प्रकाशित हो जाए।
Perhaps the next part will be published this week.
(shaayad aglaa bhaag is hafte prakaashit ho jaae।)
उन्होंने पूरी रिपोर्ट को चार भागों में बाँटा।
They divided the entire report into four parts.
(unhonne poorii riport ko chaar bhaagon men baantaa।)
Sense
2
:
run! flee! (imperative of भागना)
verb, intransitive This is the intimate/familiar singular imperative (तू (too) form) of भागना (bhaagnaa); the everyday commands you will actually hear are भागो (bhaago) (तुम, tum) or भागिए (bhaagie) (formal).
Synonyms: दौड़ (daud, run, in the sense of speed rather than escape), खिसक (khisak, slang, 'scram')
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You'll hear this shouted in Bollywood chase scenes and street cricket alike -- भाग! भाग! (bhaag! bhaag!, 'run! run!') is the classic cry when danger (or the ball) is coming. It shares its root with the noun sense above: to flee is, in a sense, to take your 'portion' and go.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes treat भाग (bhaag) as a neutral or polite way to say 'run,' not realizing the bare तू-form imperative can sound rude or overly intimate if used with someone who isn't a close friend, child, or in an urgent/dramatic context (like shouting during danger).
Sample Sentences:
भाग! पीछे से कुत्ता आ रहा है!
Run! There's a dog coming from behind!
(bhaag! piichhe se kuttaa aa rahaa hai!)
भाग भाग, बॉल इधर आ रही है!
Run, run, the ball is coming this way!
(bhaag bhaag, bol idhar aa rahii hai!)
जल्दी भाग यहाँ से, पुलिस आ गई!
Run from here quickly, the police have arrived!
(jaldii bhaag yahaan se, pulis aa gaii!)
आप वहाँ से भागिए, दीवार गिरने वाली है।
Please run from there, sir, the wall is about to fall.
(aap vahaan se bhaagie, diivaar girne vaalii hai।)
अगर साँप दिखे तो चुपचाप मत खड़े रहो, भाग जाओ।
If you see a snake, don't just stand there quietly -- run away.
(agar saamp dikhe to chupchaap mat khade raho, bhaag jaao।)
बच्चों, आग लग गई है, जल्दी से भागो!
Children, there's a fire, run quickly!
(bachchon, aag lag gaii hai, jaldii se bhaago!)
शेर देखते ही भाग मत, वरना वह पीछा करेगा।
Don't run the moment you see the lion, or else it'll chase you.
(sher dekhte hii bhaag mat, varnaa vah piichhaa karegaa।)
तू यहाँ से भाग, मैं इनसे निपट लूँगा।
You get out of here, I'll deal with these guys.
(too yahaan se bhaag, main inse nipat loongaa।)
अरे भाग यहाँ से, वरना पिटेगा!
Hey, get out of here, or you'll get beaten!
(are bhaag yahaan se, varnaa pitegaa!)
Sense
3
:
fate, destiny (as one's allotted portion in life)
noun, masculine Mostly survives in the compound भाग्य (bhaagy) rather than standing alone; बड़े भाग्य से (bade bhaagy se, 'by great fortune') and similar set phrases are more common than भाग (bhaag) alone in this sense.
Synonyms: भाग्य (bhaagy), किस्मत (kismat), नसीब (nasiib)
Frequency: literary
Cultural Note: This sense grew out of the same root idea as 'part' -- your fate is literally the 'portion' life has dealt you. In everyday speech people almost always say भाग्य (bhaagy) or किस्मत (kismat) rather than the bare भाग (bhaag) for this meaning, so treat this sense as background knowledge for recognizing भाग्य (bhaagy), not as an active word choice.
Sample Sentences:
यही उसके भाग में लिखा था।
This alone was written in his fate.
(yahii uske bhaag men likhaa thaa।)
मनुष्य अपने भाग को टाल नहीं सकता।
A person cannot avert his fate.
(manushy apne bhaag ko taal nahiin saktaa।)
कवि ने लिखा है कि सुख-दुख सब भाग के खेल हैं।
The poet has written that joy and sorrow are all games of fate.
(kavi ne likhaa hai ki sukh-dukh sab bhaag ke khel hain।)
यदि भाग में मिलन होता, तो यह वियोग न होता।
If union had been in his fate, this separation would not have occurred.
(yadi bhaag men milan hotaa, to yah viyog n hotaa।)
उसका भाग उसे दूर देश ले गया।
His fate carried him to a distant land.
(uskaa bhaag use door desh le gayaa।)
हे विधाता, मेरे भाग में यही दुख क्यों लिखा?
O Creator, why was only this sorrow written into my fate?
(he vidhaataa, mere bhaag men yahii dukh kyon likhaa?)
भाग के आगे किसी का वश नहीं चलता।
No one has any power before fate.
(bhaag ke aage kisii kaa vash nahiin chaltaa।)
शायद यही उसके भाग में बदा हो।
Perhaps this alone was destined in his fate.
(shaayad yahii uske bhaag men badaa ho।)
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct):
भाग
(bhaag)
(sg.m.oblique):
भाग
(bhaag)
(pl.m.direct):
भाग
(bhaag)
(pl.m.oblique):
भागों
(bhaagon)
Verb
infinitive:
भाग
(bhaag)
infinitive oblique:
भाने
(bhaane)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
भाता
(bhaataa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
भाते
(bhaate)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
भाती
(bhaatii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
भातीं
(bhaatiin)
continuous (sg.m):
भा रहा
(bhaa rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
भा रहे
(bhaa rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
भा रही
(bhaa rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
भा रहीं
(bhaa rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
भाया
(bhaayaa)
perfective (pl.m):
भाए
(bhaae)
perfective (sg.f):
भाई
(bhaaii)
perfective (pl.f):
भाईं
(bhaaiin)
imperative (informal):
भा
(bhaa)
imperative (neutral):
भाओ
(bhaao)
imperative (formal):
भाइए
(bhaaie)
future (1sg.m):
भाऊँगा
(bhaaoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
भाऊँगी
(bhaaoongii)
future (1pl.m):
भाएँगे
(bhaaenge)
future (1pl.f):
भाएँगी
(bhaaengii)
future (2sg.m):
भाएगा
(bhaaegaa)
future (2sg.f):
भाएगी
(bhaaegii)
future (2pl.m):
भाओगे
(bhaaoge)
future (2pl.f):
भाओगी
(bhaaogii)
future (3sg.m):
भाएगा
(bhaaegaa)
future (3sg.f):
भाएगी
(bhaaegii)
future (3pl.m):
भाएँगे
(bhaaenge)
future (3pl.f):
भाएँगी
(bhaaengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
भाऊँ
(bhaaoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
भाएँ
(bhaaen)
subjunctive (2sg):
भाए
(bhaae)
subjunctive (2pl):
भाओ
(bhaao)
subjunctive (3sg):
भाए
(bhaae)
subjunctive (3pl):
भाएँ
(bhaaen)