आडंबर (aadambar)

noun A somewhat literary/formal word meaning ostentatious show or pretense -- outward display put on to impress, often hiding an emptier reality underneath. One core sense, used for both showy behavior and hollow pretense.
Sense 1 : ostentation, showy display
noun, masculine
Synonyms: दिखावा (dikhaavaa), तड़क-भड़क (tadak-bhadak), शान-शौकत (shaan-shaukat), पाखंड (paakhand, leans toward hypocrisy/pretense rather than pure show)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear this word in sermons, editorials, and moral commentary more than in daily bazaar chatter -- a preacher criticizing showy religious rituals, or a columnist criticizing a politician's empty promises, will reach for आडंबर (aadambar) rather than दिखावा (dikhaavaa). It pairs naturally with पाखंड (paakhand) in phrases criticizing hollow religiosity, e.g. धार्मिक आडंबर (dhaarmik aadambar, 'religious ostentation/show').
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for दिखावा (dikhaavaa) in speech and save आडंबर (aadambar) for writing or serious criticism -- using it in casual chat about, say, a friend's new phone can sound oddly heavy or bookish. 2) The word almost always carries a negative judgment (empty, excessive, or hypocritical show); it is not a neutral word for 'decoration' or 'celebration.'
Sample Sentences:
यह पूरा समारोह सिर्फ आडंबर है, इसमें कोई सच्ची भक्ति नहीं है। This entire ceremony is just ostentation; there is no true devotion in it.
(yah pooraa samaaroh sirph aadambar hai, ismen koii sachchii bhakti nahiin hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
स्वामी जी ने अपने प्रवचन में धार्मिक आडंबर की कड़ी निंदा की। The swami sharply condemned religious ostentation in his sermon.
(svaamii jii ne apne pravchan men dhaarmik aadambar kii kadii nindaa kii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
नेता लोग चुनाव से पहले बड़े-बड़े वादों का आडंबर रचते हैं। Politicians create an ostentatious display of grand promises before elections.
(netaa log chunaav se pahle bade-bade vaadon kaa aadambar rachte hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
संपादकीय में लिखा था कि नेता का भाषण आडंबर और पाखंड से भरा था। The editorial stated that the leader's speech was full of ostentation and hypocrisy.
(sampaadkiiy men likhaa thaa ki netaa kaa bhaashan aadambar aur paakhand se bharaa thaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
काश वह इतना आडंबर न करता और सीधे-सादे ढंग से बात कहता। If only he did not put on so much show and spoke plainly instead.
(kaash vah itnaa aadambar n kartaa aur siidhe-saade dhang se baat kahtaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
धार्मिक आडंबर में उलझने के बजाय अपने मन को शुद्ध करो। Instead of getting entangled in religious ostentation, purify your mind.
(dhaarmik aadambar men ulajhne ke bajaay apne man ko shuddh karo।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
सच्चा धर्म आडंबर में नहीं, सेवा और सादगी में है। True religion lies not in ostentation, but in service and simplicity.
(sachchaa dharm aadambar men nahiin, sevaa aur saadgii men hai।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या यह ज़रूरी है कि हर उत्सव इतने आडंबर के साथ मनाया जाए? Is it really necessary that every festival be celebrated with so much ostentation?
(kyaa yah zaroorii hai ki har utsav itne aadambar ke saath manaayaa jaae?)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
उसकी अमीरी का सारा आडंबर कर्ज़ पर टिका हुआ निकला। His whole display of wealth turned out to be built on debt.
(uskii amiirii kaa saaraa aadambar karz par tikaa huaa niklaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
आश्रम में इतना आडंबर देखकर मुझे निराशा हुई। Seeing so much ostentation in the ashram left me disappointed.
(aashram men itnaa aadambar dekhkar mujhe niraashaa huii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): आडंबर (aadambar)
(sg.m.oblique): आडंबर (aadambar)
(pl.m.direct): आडंबर (aadambar)
(pl.m.oblique): आडंबरों (aadambron)