विज्ञान (vigyaan)

noun A single-sense noun meaning 'science' -- both the academic discipline and the general concept of scientific knowledge.
Sense 1 : science (the discipline/field of knowledge)
noun, masculine
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: विज्ञान (vigyaan) is built from वि- (vi, a prefix suggesting 'special' or 'distinct') plus ज्ञान (gyaan, 'knowledge') -- so literally it's 'special/distinguished knowledge,' a lovely window into how Sanskrit-derived vocabulary builds meaning from parts. You'll see it constantly on school timetables and exam papers (विज्ञान (vigyaan) as a subject name), and it pairs naturally with वैज्ञानिक (vaigyaanik, 'scientist' or 'scientific'), its adjectival/agentive relative.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes use विज्ञान (vigyaan) loosely to mean 'a science subject' the way English says 'the sciences' plural; in Hindi school contexts it's usually singular and combines with subject names like भौतिक विज्ञान (bhautik vigyaan, 'physics') or जीव विज्ञान (jiiv vigyaan, 'biology') rather than standing alone for a specific subject.
Sample Sentences:
मुझे विज्ञान बहुत पसंद है। I like science a lot.
(mujhe vigyaan bahut pasand hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस साल हमें विज्ञान में नए अध्यापक मिले हैं। This year we got new teachers for science.
(is saal hamen vigyaan men nae adhyaapak mile hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
विज्ञान की परीक्षा कल है, तैयारी कर लो। The science exam is tomorrow, get ready.
(vigyaan kii pariikshaa kal hai, taiyaarii kar lo।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
विज्ञान हमें प्रकृति के नियमों को समझने में मदद करता है। Science helps us understand the laws of nature.
(vigyaan hamen prakriti ke niymon ko samajhne men madad kartaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर मैंने विज्ञान की पढ़ाई की होती, तो शायद डॉक्टर बन जाता। If I had studied science, I might have become a doctor.
(agar mainne vigyaan kii padhaaii kii hotii, to shaayad doktar ban jaataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
स्कूल में विज्ञान और गणित अलग-अलग विषय के रूप में पढ़ाए जाते हैं। In school, science and math are taught as separate subjects.
(skool men vigyaan aur ganit alag-alag vishay ke roop men padhaae jaate hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि विज्ञान हर सवाल का जवाब दे सकता है? Do you think science can answer every question?
(kyaa tumhen lagtaa hai ki vigyaan har savaal kaa javaab de saktaa hai?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
प्राचीन भारत में विज्ञान और दर्शन का गहरा संबंध था। In ancient India, there was a deep connection between science and philosophy.
(praachiin bhaarat men vigyaan aur darshan kaa gahraa sambandh thaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
काश हमारे स्कूल में विज्ञान की अच्छी लैब होती। If only our school had a good science lab.
(kaash hamaare skool men vigyaan kii achchhii laib hotii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
विज्ञान की तरक्की ने इंसान की ज़िंदगी बहुत आसान बना दी है। The progress of science has made human life much easier.
(vigyaan kii tarakkii ne insaan kii zindgii bahut aasaan banaa dii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगली कक्षा में हम विज्ञान का एक नया अध्याय शुरू करेंगे। In the next class, we will start a new chapter of science.
(aglii kakshaa men ham vigyaan kaa ek nayaa adhyaay shuroo karenge।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): विज्ञान (vigyaan)
(sg.m.oblique): विज्ञान (vigyaan)
(pl.m.direct): विज्ञान (vigyaan)
(pl.m.oblique): विज्ञानों (vigyaanon)