जगह (jagah)

noun/postposition A common feminine noun meaning 'place, space, spot'; it also works idiomatically as a postposition-like phrase meaning 'in place of, instead of'.
Sense 1 : place, spot, location
noun, feminine
Synonyms: स्थान (sthaan, formal), स्थल (sthal, literary)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: जगह (jagah) is one of the most useful everyday nouns in Hindi -- you will hear it constantly, from यहाँ जगह है? (yahaan jagah hai?, 'is there space here?') on a crowded bus or metro, to किसी जगह (kisii jagah, 'at some place') when giving directions. It captures both abstract 'space' (as in room to sit) and concrete 'location' (as in a named spot).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often forget जगह (jagah) is feminine and wrongly use masculine agreement, e.g. saying यह जगह अच्छा है (yah jagah achchhaa hai) instead of यह जगह अच्छी है (yah jagah achchhii hai). 2) कहीं (kahiin, 'somewhere') is often confused with जगह (jagah) -- कहीं (kahiin) is an adverb/pronoun, not a noun, so it cannot take adjectives the way जगह (jagah) can.
Sample Sentences:
यह जगह बहुत सुंदर है। This place is very beautiful.
(yah jagah bahut sundar hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हमने ताजमहल के पास एक अच्छी जगह देखी थी। We had seen a nice place near the Taj Mahal.
(hamne taajmahal ke paas ek achchhii jagah dekhii thii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
कल हम किसी नई जगह घूमने जाएंगे। Tomorrow we will go roam some new place.
(kal ham kisii naii jagah ghoomne jaaenge।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
वह जगह बताओ जहाँ तुमने चाबी रखी थी। Tell me the place where you kept the key.
(vah jagah bataao jahaan tumne chaabii rakhii thii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
इस जगह पर पहले एक मंदिर हुआ करता था। There used to be a temple at this place earlier.
(is jagah par pahle ek mandir huaa kartaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
काश यह जगह इतनी दूर न होती। I wish this place were not so far.
(kaash yah jagah itnii door n hotii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
शायद यह वही जगह हो जिसका ज़िक्र उसने किया था। Maybe this is the same place he mentioned.
(shaayad yah vahii jagah ho jiskaa zikr usne kiyaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
इस जगह को शहर की सबसे पुरानी बस्ती माना जाता है। This place is considered the city's oldest settlement.
(is jagah ko shahar kii sabse puraanii bastii maanaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
किसी जगह पूछ लेना, यहाँ से बाज़ार कितनी दूर है। Ask at some place how far the market is from here.
(kisii jagah poochh lenaa, yahaan se baazaar kitnii door hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
मंदिर की जगह पर अब एक बड़ा बाज़ार खड़ा है। A big market now stands at the temple's place.
(mandir kii jagah par ab ek badaa baazaar khadaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उस पवित्र जगह पर हर साल हज़ारों श्रद्धालु आते हैं। Thousands of devotees come to that sacred place every year.
(us pavitr jagah par har saal hazaaron shraddhaalu aate hain।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : space, room (to fit or move)
noun, feminine Often used with होना (honaa) or मिलना (milnaa) to express availability of space, e.g. जगह मिलना (jagah milnaa, 'to find room/space').
Synonyms: गुंजाइश (gunjaaish, for abstract capacity/room)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: In packed Delhi buses and metros, you will often hear अंदर आ जाओ, जगह है (andar aa jaao, jagah hai, 'come inside, there is room') -- a very physical, body-space sense of the word that comes up constantly in daily commuting life.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes use जगह (jagah) where गुंजाइश (gunjaaish) fits better for abstract 'scope' or 'possibility' rather than physical space -- जगह (jagah) leans concrete.
Sample Sentences:
अंदर आ जाओ, जगह है। Come inside, there's room.
(andar aa jaao, jagah hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
इस बैग में और किताबें रखने की जगह नहीं है। There isn't enough space in this bag to fit more books.
(is baig men aur kitaaben rakhne kii jagah nahiin hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बस में इतनी भीड़ थी कि पैर रखने की जगह नहीं थी। The bus was so crowded that there wasn't even room to put a foot down.
(bas men itnii bhiid thii ki pair rakhne kii jagah nahiin thii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम थोड़ा खिसक जाओ, तो मेरे लिए भी जगह बन जाएगी। If you shift over a little, there will be room for me too.
(agar tum thodaa khisak jaao, to mere lie bhii jagah ban jaaegii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
मेट्रो में हर सुबह इतनी जगह नहीं रहती कि आराम से खड़े हो सकें। There usually isn't enough room in the metro every morning to stand comfortably.
(metro men har subah itnii jagah nahiin rahtii ki aaraam se khade ho saken।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
गाड़ी में सामान इतना भरा है कि एक सुई रखने की भी जगह नहीं बची। The car is so packed with luggage that there isn't even space left for a needle.
(gaadii men saamaan itnaa bharaa hai ki ek suii rakhne kii bhii jagah nahiin bachii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर वह अपनी अलमारी थोड़ी खाली कर देता, तो मेरे कपड़ों के लिए जगह होती। If he had cleared out his cupboard a bit, there would have been room for my clothes.
(agar vah apnii almaarii thodii khaalii kar detaa, to mere kapdon ke lie jagah hotii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
कृपया थोड़ा आगे बढ़ें, ताकि पीछे वालों के लिए भी जगह बन सके। Please move forward a little, so that there can be room for those behind as well.
(kripyaa thodaa aage badhen, taaki piichhe vaalon ke lie bhii jagah ban sake।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
छोटे से कमरे में इतना फर्नीचर रखा गया कि चलने की जगह ही खत्म हो गई। So much furniture was placed in the small room that there was no space left to walk.
(chhote se kamre men itnaa pharniichar rakhaa gayaa ki chalne kii jagah hii khatm ho gaii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
लिफ्ट में मुश्किल से तीन लोगों के लिए जगह बचती है। There's barely room left in the lift for three people.
(lipht men mushkil se tiin logon ke lie jagah bachtii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 3 : instead of, in place of
postposition Used in the frame X की जगह (X kii jagah, 'in place of X'), functioning like a compound postposition governing the oblique/genitive.
Synonyms: बजाय (bajaay), के बदले (ke badle)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This use grows naturally out of the 'place' sense -- literally 'in the place of X' -- and is extremely common in everyday substitution talk, like चीनी की जगह गुड़ डाल दो (chiinii kii jagah gud daal do, 'put jaggery instead of sugar'), a very kitchen-Hindi kind of sentence.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners forget the की (kii) link is mandatory -- you cannot say चाय जगह (chaay jagah) for 'instead of tea'; it must be चाय की जगह (chaay kii jagah).
Sample Sentences:
चीनी की जगह गुड़ डाल दो। Put jaggery instead of sugar.
(chiinii kii jagah gud daal do।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
आज तुम्हारी जगह मैं मीटिंग में जाऊँगा। Today I will go to the meeting instead of you.
(aaj tumhaarii jagah main miiting men jaaoongaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
उसकी जगह किसी और को भेज दिया गया। Someone else was sent instead of him.
(uskii jagah kisii aur ko bhej diyaa gayaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
अगर मैं तुम्हारी जगह होता, तो यह नौकरी नहीं छोड़ता। If I were in your place, I would not have left this job.
(agar main tumhaarii jagah hotaa, to yah naukrii nahiin chhodtaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
वह हमेशा चावल की जगह रोटी खाती है। She always eats roti instead of rice.
(vah hameshaa chaaval kii jagah rotii khaatii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम मेरी जगह यह काम कर सकते हो? Can you do this work instead of me?
(kyaa tum merii jagah yah kaam kar sakte ho?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कृपया नकद की जगह ऑनलाइन भुगतान करें। Please make an online payment instead of cash.
(kripyaa nakad kii jagah onlaain bhugtaan karen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
समिति ने सुझाव दिया कि पुराने नियम की जगह नया कानून लाया जाए। The committee suggested that a new law be brought in place of the old rule.
(samiti ne sujhaav diyaa ki puraane niyam kii jagah nayaa kaanoon laayaa jaae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Passive
उसने बहस करने की जगह चुप रहना बेहतर समझा। He thought it better to stay quiet instead of arguing.
(usne bahas karne kii jagah chup rahnaa behtar samjhaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
इस बार तेल की जगह घी इस्तेमाल किया गया है। This time ghee has been used instead of oil.
(is baar tel kii jagah ghii istemaal kiyaa gayaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
डाँटने की जगह उसे प्यार से समझाओ। Explain to him lovingly instead of scolding him.
(daantne kii jagah use pyaar se samjhaao।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): जगह (jagah)
(sg.f.oblique): जगह (jagah)
(pl.f.direct): जगहें (jagahen)
(pl.f.oblique): जगहों (jagahon)