तरफ़ (taraf)

noun/postposition Means 'direction/side' both literally (spatial direction) and as a very common postposition meaning 'toward' or 'in the direction of'; also used figuratively to mean 'on behalf of' or 'regarding'.
Sense 1 : direction, side
noun, feminine
Synonyms: दिशा (dishaa), ओर (or), जानिब (jaanib, literary/Urdu-influenced, rare)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will hear this word constantly in directions: इस तरफ़ (is taraf, 'this way') and उस तरफ़ (us taraf, 'that way') are staples of everyday navigation in Delhi, whether you're asking an auto driver or a shopkeeper for directions.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often forget that as a noun तरफ़ (taraf) takes की (kii) in possessive/genitive constructions like शहर की तरफ़ (shahar kii taraf, 'toward the city') -- the की (kii) is required even though English uses no equivalent word before 'toward.' 2) Gender is feminine, which trips up learners who expect masculine because of the ending -- फ़ (f) does not signal gender the way -आ (aa) or -ई (ii) endings do.
Sample Sentences:
इस तरफ़ आइए, रास्ता यहाँ से है। Please come this way, the path is from here.
(is taraf aaie, raastaa yahaan se hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
उस तरफ़ मत जाओ, वहाँ अंधेरा है। Don't go that way, it's dark there.
(us taraf mat jaao, vahaan andheraa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
बस स्टॉप किस तरफ़ है? Which side is the bus stop on?
(bas stop kis taraf hai?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मेरा घर सड़क की दूसरी तरफ़ है। My house is on the other side of the road.
(meraa ghar sadak kii doosrii taraf hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हवा किस तरफ़ से आ रही है? Which direction is the wind coming from?
(havaa kis taraf se aa rahii hai?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
गाड़ी अचानक दूसरी तरफ़ मुड़ गई। The car suddenly turned in the other direction.
(gaadii achaanak doosrii taraf mud gaii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर सही तरफ़ मुड़ते तो हम जल्दी पहुँच जाते। If we had turned the right way, we would have arrived early.
(agar sahii taraf mudte to ham jaldii pahunch jaate।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
हर तरफ़ से लोग स्टेडियम की ओर बढ़ रहे थे। People were moving toward the stadium from every direction.
(har taraf se log stediyam kii or badh rahe the।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
शायद वह इसी तरफ़ कहीं छुपा हो। Maybe he's hiding somewhere in this direction.
(shaayad vah isii taraf kahiin chhupaa ho।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
नक्शे में उत्तर की तरफ़ ऊपर की ओर दिखाया जाता है। In a map, the north direction is shown upward.
(nakshe men uttar kii taraf oopar kii or dikhaayaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
दोनों तरफ़ से गाड़ियाँ आ रही हैं, ज़रा संभल कर। Cars are coming from both directions, be careful.
(donon taraf se gaadiyaan aa rahii hain, zaraa sambhal kar।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : toward, in the direction of
postposition Functions as a compound postposition following the oblique with की (kii): घर की तरफ़ (ghar kii taraf, 'toward home').
Synonyms: की ओर (kii or), की जानिब (kii jaanib, literary/formal)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This postposition use is so common that many learners meet तरफ़ (taraf) first as 'toward' rather than as the noun 'direction' it actually is -- the two are the same word, just grammaticalized differently.
Sample Sentences:
वह मेरी तरफ़ देख रहा था। He was looking toward me.
(vah merii taraf dekh rahaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
बच्चा दौड़ता हुआ अपनी माँ की तरफ़ भागता है। The child runs toward his mother.
(bachchaa daudtaa huaa apnii maan kii taraf bhaagtaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कृपया दरवाज़े की तरफ़ बढ़ें। Please move toward the door.
(kripyaa darvaaze kii taraf badhen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
गाड़ी स्टेशन की तरफ़ जा रही है। The car is going toward the station.
(gaadii steshan kii taraf jaa rahii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर वह सही तरफ़ मुड़ता तो रास्ता नहीं भूलता। If he had turned in the right direction, he wouldn't have lost his way.
(agar vah sahii taraf mudtaa to raastaa nahiin bhooltaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
सब लोग शोर की तरफ़ मुड़े। Everyone turned toward the noise.
(sab log shor kii taraf mude।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
शायद वह हमारी तरफ़ ही आ रहा हो। Maybe he's coming toward us after all.
(shaayad vah hamaarii taraf hii aa rahaa ho।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Continuous -- Voice: Active
पत्थर नदी की तरफ़ फेंका गया। The stone was thrown toward the river.
(patthar nadii kii taraf phenkaa gayaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
हम कल पहाड़ों की तरफ़ जाएँगे। We will go toward the mountains tomorrow.
(ham kal pahaadon kii taraf jaaenge।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
समय के साथ उसका रुख़ सच्चाई की तरफ़ हो गया। Over time, his inclination turned toward the truth.
(samay ke saath uskaa rukh sachchaaii kii taraf ho gayaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
पक्षी उत्तर की तरफ़ उड़ते हैं जब सर्दी आती है। Birds fly toward the north when winter comes.
(pakshii uttar kii taraf udte hain jab sardii aatii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 3 : on behalf of
postposition Used as ...की तरफ़ से (...kii taraf se) to mean 'on behalf of' or 'from the side of' someone, e.g. मेरी तरफ़ से (merii taraf se, 'on my behalf').
Synonyms: ओर से (or se), वतीरे से (vatiire se, rare)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You'll hear this at weddings and formal events constantly: लड़के वालों की तरफ़ से (ladke vaalon kii taraf se, 'from the groom's side') is a classic phrase used to distinguish which family is hosting or paying for what.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes drop the से (se) at the end, saying केवल तरफ़ (taraf) alone when they mean 'on behalf of' -- but तरफ़ से (taraf se) together is the fixed frame for this sense, distinct from the plain directional use.
Sample Sentences:
यह तोहफ़ा मेरी तरफ़ से है। This gift is on my behalf.
(yah tohfaa merii taraf se hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
लड़के वालों की तरफ़ से सबको न्योता भेजा गया है। The invitation has been sent to everyone on behalf of the groom's side.
(ladke vaalon kii taraf se sabko nyotaa bhejaa gayaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
मैं अपनी पूरी टीम की तरफ़ से माफ़ी माँगता हूँ। I apologize on behalf of my entire team.
(main apnii poorii tiim kii taraf se maafii maangtaa hoon।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कृपया मेरी तरफ़ से उन्हें धन्यवाद कह देना। Please convey my thanks to them on my behalf.
(kripyaa merii taraf se unhen dhanyvaad kah denaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर मैं वहाँ नहीं जा पाता, तो तुम मेरी तरफ़ से चले जाना। If I can't go there, you go on my behalf.
(agar main vahaan nahiin jaa paataa, to tum merii taraf se chale jaanaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
लड़की वालों की तरफ़ से खाने का इंतज़ाम किया गया था। The food arrangements were made on behalf of the bride's side.
(ladkii vaalon kii taraf se khaane kaa intzaam kiyaa gayaa thaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
कंपनी की तरफ़ से मैं आपको बता दूँ कि प्रोजेक्ट में देरी हो सकती है। On behalf of the company, let me tell you that the project may be delayed.
(kampnii kii taraf se main aapko bataa doon ki projekt men derii ho saktii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर वह मेरी तरफ़ से बोलता, तो शायद बात बन जाती। If he had spoken on my behalf, things might have worked out.
(agar vah merii taraf se boltaa, to shaayad baat ban jaatii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
सरकार की तरफ़ से यह बयान जारी किया गया। This statement was issued on behalf of the government.
(sarkaar kii taraf se yah bayaan jaarii kiyaa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
वह हमेशा अपने भाई की तरफ़ से बात करता है। He always speaks on behalf of his brother.
(vah hameshaa apne bhaaii kii taraf se baat kartaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पूरे परिवार की तरफ़ से आपको दिल से शुभकामनाएँ। Heartfelt wishes to you on behalf of the whole family.
(poore parivaar kii taraf se aapko dil se shubhkaamnaaen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Voice: Active
Sense 4 : aspect, regard, respect (figurative)
noun, feminine Used in phrases like एक तरफ़ ... दूसरी तरफ़ (ek taraf ... doosrii taraf, 'on one hand ... on the other hand') to contrast two aspects of a situation.
Synonyms: पहलू (pahloo), नज़रिया (nazriyaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: एक तरफ़ ... दूसरी तरफ़ (ek taraf ... doosrii taraf) is the natural Hindi equivalent of English's 'on one hand ... on the other hand' -- reach for it whenever you're weighing pros and cons out loud, a very common rhetorical move in Hindi conversation and debate.
Sample Sentences:
एक तरफ़ वह होशियार है, दूसरी तरफ़ बहुत आलसी भी है। On one hand he is smart, on the other hand he is also very lazy.
(ek taraf vah hoshiyaar hai, doosrii taraf bahut aalsii bhii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस मामले में हर तरफ़ से सोचना ज़रूरी है। It is necessary to think about this matter from every angle.
(is maamle men har taraf se sochnaa zaroorii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
एक तरफ़ कीमत कम है, दूसरी तरफ़ क्वालिटी भी अच्छी नहीं है। On one hand the price is low, on the other hand the quality isn't good either.
(ek taraf kiimat kam hai, doosrii taraf kvaalitii bhii achchhii nahiin hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसकी बातों में एक अलग तरफ़ नज़र आती है जो पहले नहीं दिखी थी। A different aspect shows up in what he says, one that wasn't visible before.
(uskii baaton men ek alag taraf nazar aatii hai jo pahle nahiin dikhii thii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुमने इस समस्या को हर तरफ़ से देखा है? Have you looked at this problem from every angle?
(kyaa tumne is samasyaa ko har taraf se dekhaa hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम इसे दूसरी तरफ़ से देखते, तो शायद तुम्हें समझ आता। If you had looked at it from the other angle, maybe you would have understood.
(agar tum ise doosrii taraf se dekhte, to shaayad tumhen samajh aataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
इस फ़ैसले की एक तरफ़ फ़ायदा है, दूसरी तरफ़ बड़ा जोखिम भी है। On one hand this decision has a benefit, on the other hand there is also a big risk.
(is faisle kii ek taraf faaydaa hai, doosrii taraf badaa jokhim bhii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हर तरफ़ से सोच लो, फिर फ़ैसला करना। Think it through from every angle, then make the decision.
(har taraf se soch lo, phir faislaa karnaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
इस प्रस्ताव का हर तरफ़ से मूल्यांकन किया जाना चाहिए। This proposal should be evaluated from every angle.
(is prastaav kaa har taraf se moolyaankan kiyaa jaanaa chaahie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): तरफ़ (taraf)
(sg.f.oblique): तरफ़ (taraf)
(pl.f.direct): तरफ़ें (tarfen)
(pl.f.oblique): तरफ़ों (tarfon)