चुनाव (chunaav)

noun A single core meaning cluster: 'election' (the political event) and, less commonly, 'choice/selection' in a general sense. Related to the verb चुनना (chunnaa, 'to choose/select').
Sense 1 : election (political)
noun, masculine
Synonyms: निर्वाचन (nirvaachan, formal)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is one of the most-heard words on Indian news channels, especially around चुनाव आयोग (chunaav aayog, 'Election Commission') season -- TV anchors, tea-stall debates, and WhatsApp forwards all light up with चुनाव talk. Delhi in particular sees layered elections -- लोकसभा चुनाव (lokasbhaa chunaav, 'parliamentary elections'), विधानसभा चुनाव (vidhaanasbhaa chunaav, 'state assembly elections'), and नगर निगम चुनाव (nagar nigam chunaav, 'municipal elections') -- so you'll often hear the word qualified by which level of government is being chosen.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often use the singular चुनाव (chunaav) when talking about 'elections' in general (plural in English) -- Hindi frequently uses the singular form here, e.g. चुनाव आने वाले हैं (chunaav aane vaale hain, 'elections are coming'), where चुनाव behaves like a plural-agreeing noun even without an overt plural marker. 2) Don't confuse चुनाव (chunaav) with चुनना (chunnaa) the verb -- चुनाव is strictly the noun.
Sample Sentences:
इस साल दिल्ली में विधानसभा चुनाव होने वाले हैं। State assembly elections are going to happen in Delhi this year.
(is saal dillii men vidhaanasbhaa chunaav hone vaale hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
पिछले चुनाव में इस पार्टी को बहुमत मिला था। In the last election, this party got a majority.
(pichhle chunaav men is paartii ko bahumat milaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
चुनाव आयोग ने आज तारीखों का ऐलान कर दिया। The Election Commission announced the dates today.
(chunaav aayog ne aaj taariikhon kaa ailaan kar diyaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
चाय की दुकान पर लोग चुनाव को लेकर बहस कर रहे थे। People at the tea stall were arguing about the election.
(chaay kii dukaan par log chunaav ko lekar bahas kar rahe the।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर चुनाव समय पर हो जाते, तो सरकार पहले ही बन जाती। If the elections had happened on time, the government would have already formed.
(agar chunaav samay par ho jaate, to sarkaar pahle hii ban jaatii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि नगर निगम चुनाव में यही उम्मीदवार जीतेगा? Do you think this same candidate will win the municipal elections?
(kyaa tumhen lagtaa hai ki nagar nigam chunaav men yahii ummiidvaar jiitegaa?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
कृपया चुनाव से पहले अपना नाम मतदाता सूची में जरूर जांच लें। Please make sure to check your name in the voter list before the election.
(kripyaa chunaav se pahle apnaa naam matdaataa soochii men jaroor jaanch len।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
लोकसभा चुनाव हर पाँच साल में होते हैं। Parliamentary elections take place every five years.
(lokasbhaa chunaav har paanch saal men hote hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
चुनाव नतीजे घोषित किए जा रहे हैं। The election results are being declared.
(chunaav natiije ghoshit kie jaa rahe hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
काश इस बार का चुनाव इतना हिंसक न होता। I wish this time's election hadn't been so violent.
(kaash is baar kaa chunaav itnaa hinsak n hotaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
यह जरूरी है कि चुनाव निष्पक्ष ढंग से कराया जाए। It is necessary that the election be conducted in a fair manner.
(yah jaroorii hai ki chunaav nishpaksh dhang se karaayaa jaae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Passive
Sense 2 : choice, selection (general)
noun, masculine
Synonyms: चयन (chayan, formal), पसंद (pasand, meaning scope: preference rather than formal selection)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Outside politics, चुनाव (chunaav) shows up in everyday phrases like करियर का चुनाव (kariyar kaa chunaav, 'choice of career') or जीवनसाथी का चुनाव (jiivansaathii kaa chunaav, 'choice of life partner') -- a slightly more formal-sounding cousin of पसंद (pasand) when the decision feels weighty rather than casual.
Sample Sentences:
करियर का चुनाव करना आसान नहीं होता। Choosing a career is not easy.
(kariyar kaa chunaav karnaa aasaan nahiin hotaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसने जीवनसाथी का चुनाव बहुत सोच-समझकर किया। She made the choice of a life partner very thoughtfully.
(usne jiivansaathii kaa chunaav bahut soch-samajhkar kiyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यह चुनाव तुम्हें खुद करना होगा, कोई और नहीं कर सकता। You will have to make this choice yourself, no one else can.
(yah chunaav tumhen khud karnaa hogaa, koii aur nahiin kar saktaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
सही चुनाव करो, बाद में पछताना मत। Make the right choice, don't regret it later.
(sahii chunaav karo, baad men pachhtaanaa mat।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
काश मैंने कॉलेज का चुनाव थोड़ा और सोचकर किया होता। I wish I had made the choice of college with a bit more thought.
(kaash mainne kolej kaa chunaav thodaa aur sochkar kiyaa hotaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
इतने विकल्पों में से चुनाव करना मुश्किल हो जाता है। Making a choice among so many options becomes difficult.
(itne vikalpon men se chunaav karnaa mushkil ho jaataa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
समिति द्वारा उम्मीदवारों में से एक का चुनाव किया गया। One was selected from among the candidates by the committee.
(samiti dvaaraa ummiidvaaron men se ek kaa chunaav kiyaa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
अगर मुझे चुनाव करना पड़े, तो मैं शांति चुनूँगा। If I had to make a choice, I would choose peace.
(agar mujhe chunaav karnaa pade, to main shaanti chunoongaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
जीवन में हर मोड़ पर हमें कोई न कोई चुनाव करना पड़ता है। At every turn in life, we have to make some choice or the other.
(jiivan men har mod par hamen koii n koii chunaav karnaa padtaa hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुमने अपनी शादी के लिए ड्रेस का चुनाव कर लिया? Have you finalized your choice of dress for your wedding?
(kyaa tumne apnii shaadii ke lie dres kaa chunaav kar liyaa?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): चुनाव (chunaav)
(sg.m.oblique): चुनाव (chunaav)
(pl.m.direct): चुनाव (chunaav)
(pl.m.oblique): चुनावों (chunaavon)