व्याकरण (vyaakran)

noun A single-sense word meaning 'grammar' -- the study or system of rules of a language.
Sense 1 : grammar
noun, masculine
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Any Hindi learner will hear this word constantly in classroom contexts -- हिंदी व्याकरण (hindii vyaakran, 'Hindi grammar') is the standard phrase for what you're studying right now. It comes from Sanskrit, where व्याकरण (vyaakran) named an entire ancient scholarly discipline going back to grammarians like Panini -- so the word carries a slightly formal, academic weight even in casual use, similar to how 'grammar' feels a bit textbook-ish in English too.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes try to pluralize it like an English abstract noun ("grammars") -- व्याकरण (vyaakran) is treated as a mass/abstract noun and stays singular even when referring to the grammar of multiple languages. 2) Don't confuse with भाषा (bhaashaa, 'language') -- व्याकरण (vyaakran) is specifically the rule-system, not the language itself.
Sample Sentences:
हिंदी व्याकरण थोड़ा मुश्किल है। Hindi grammar is a bit difficult.
(hindii vyaakran thodaa mushkil hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मैं हर हफ्ते व्याकरण की एक नई किताब पढ़ता हूँ। I read a new grammar book every week.
(main har haphte vyaakran kii ek naii kitaab padhtaa hoon।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
टीचर इस समय व्याकरण के नियम समझा रही हैं। The teacher is explaining the rules of grammar right now.
(tiichar is samay vyaakran ke niyam samjhaa rahii hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मैंने कल रात व्याकरण की परीक्षा दी। I took a grammar exam last night.
(mainne kal raat vyaakran kii pariikshaa dii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
व्याकरण की किताब मेज़ पर रखी है। The grammar book is kept on the table.
(vyaakran kii kitaab mez par rakhii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
अगले साल तक हम पूरा व्याकरण सीख चुके होंगे। By next year, we will have learned all the grammar.
(agle saal tak ham pooraa vyaakran siikh chuke honge।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
कृपया व्याकरण की गलतियाँ ठीक कर लीजिए। Please correct the grammar mistakes.
(kripyaa vyaakran kii galtiyaan thiik kar liijie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम व्याकरण पर ध्यान देते, तो इतनी गलतियाँ नहीं होतीं। If you had paid attention to grammar, there wouldn't have been so many mistakes.
(agar tum vyaakran par dhyaan dete, to itnii galtiyaan nahiin hotiin।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
पाणिनि ने संस्कृत व्याकरण की नींव रखी थी। Panini laid the foundation of Sanskrit grammar.
(paanini ne sanskrit vyaakran kii niinv rakhii thii।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
शायद उसे व्याकरण की गहरी समझ हो। Perhaps he has a deep understanding of grammar.
(shaayad use vyaakran kii gahrii samajh ho।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
बिना व्याकरण जाने भाषा ठीक से नहीं बोली जा सकती। Without knowing grammar, a language cannot be spoken properly.
(binaa vyaakran jaane bhaashaa thiik se nahiin bolii jaa saktii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): व्याकरण (vyaakran)
(sg.m.oblique): व्याकरण (vyaakran)
(pl.m.direct): व्याकरण (vyaakran)
(pl.m.oblique): व्याकरणों (vyaakarnon)