पैदा (paidaa)
adjective
An invariant word used almost exclusively inside compound expressions -- most importantly पैदा होना (paidaa honaa, 'to be born/to arise') and पैदा करना (paidaa karnaa, 'to produce/create'). It does not function as a free-standing adjective with independent meaning outside these frames.
Sense
1
:
born, arisen (used with होना)
adjective Occurs almost only in the fixed pairing पैदा होना (paidaa honaa); the subject takes normal intransitive agreement, and पैदा itself never inflects.
Synonyms: जन्मा (janmaa, used mainly in formal or written contexts)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: पैदा होना (paidaa honaa) is the everyday way Hindi speakers talk about birth -- you'll hear it in casual family conversation ('मैं दिल्ली में पैदा हुआ' (main dillii men paidaa huaa, 'I was born in Delhi')) far more often than the more formal जन्म लेना (janm lenaa). Note the perfective agreement pattern: होना (honaa) is intransitive, so the subject (not an object) controls verb agreement here.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes try to inflect पैदा (paidaa) like a regular -आ adjective (e.g. पैदी, पैदे) to agree with gender/number -- it never changes form. 2) Confusing पैदा होना (paidaa honaa, 'to be born') with जन्म लेना (janm lenaa, 'to take birth') -- both are correct and common, but पैदा होना (paidaa honaa) is the more everyday, spoken choice, while जन्म लेना (janm lenaa) leans slightly more formal/written.
Sample Sentences:
मैं दिल्ली में पैदा हुआ था।
I was born in Delhi.
(main dillii men paidaa huaa thaa।)
मेरी बहन मुंबई में पैदा हुई थी।
My sister was born in Mumbai.
(merii bahan mumbaii men paidaa huii thii।)
उसके तीन बच्चे इस शहर में पैदा हुए हैं।
His three children were born in this city.
(uske tiin bachche is shahar men paidaa hue hain।)
अगर वह अमीर घर में पैदा होता, तो उसकी जिंदगी अलग होती।
If he had been born into a rich family, his life would have been different.
(agar vah amiir ghar men paidaa hotaa, to uskii jindgii alag hotii।)
हर इंसान बराबर पैदा होता है।
Every human being is born equal.
(har insaan baraabar paidaa hotaa hai।)
बच्चा कब पैदा होगा?
When will the baby be born?
(bachchaa kab paidaa hogaa?)
काश मैं पहले पैदा हुआ होता, तो मैं भी उस दौर को देख पाता।
I wish I had been born earlier, then I too could have seen that era.
(kaash main pahle paidaa huaa hotaa, to main bhii us daur ko dekh paataa।)
यह मानो कि ऐसे मौके सदी में एक बार पैदा होते हैं।
Assume that such opportunities are born only once a century.
(yah maano ki aise mauke sadii men ek baar paidaa hote hain।)
महात्मा गांधी का जन्म हुआ, लेकिन लोग अक्सर कहते हैं कि वे पोरबंदर में पैदा हुए थे।
Mahatma Gandhi's birth took place, but people often say that he was born in Porbandar.
(mahaatmaa gaandhii kaa janm huaa, lekin log aksar kahte hain ki ve porbandar men paidaa hue the।)
क्या तुम यहीं पैदा हुए थे या बाहर से आए हो?
Were you born right here, or did you come from outside?
(kyaa tum yahiin paidaa hue the yaa baahar se aae ho?)
उसका मानना है कि हर इंसान किसी खास मकसद के लिए पैदा होता है।
He believes that every person is born for some special purpose.
(uskaa maannaa hai ki har insaan kisii khaas maksad ke lie paidaa hotaa hai।)
Sense
2
:
produced, generated, brought about (used with करना)
adjective, transitive Occurs in the fixed transitive frame पैदा करना (paidaa karnaa, 'to produce/create/give rise to'), applied to crops, problems, feelings, children, and more.
Synonyms: उत्पन्न (utpann, more formal, used in technical or written contexts)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: पैदा करना (paidaa karnaa) is wonderfully versatile in everyday Hindi -- it's used for a farmer growing crops (फ़सल पैदा करना (fasal paidaa karnaa)), a person causing trouble (झगड़ा पैदा करना (jhagdaa paidaa karnaa)), or a situation generating interest (दिलचस्पी पैदा करना (dilchaspii paidaa karnaa)). Think of it as Hindi's general-purpose verb for 'bringing something into existence,' much broader than English 'to produce.'
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often default to बनाना (banaanaa, 'to make') where पैदा करना (paidaa karnaa) is more natural -- e.g. मुश्किलें पैदा करना (mushkilen paidaa karnaa, 'to create difficulties') sounds native, while मुश्किलें बनाना (mushkilen banaanaa) sounds off. 2) Because करना (karnaa) is transitive, the ने-construction applies in the past tense: उसने समस्या पैदा की (usne samasyaa paidaa kii, 'he/she created a problem') -- learners sometimes forget agreement shifts to the object (समस्या, feminine) rather than the subject.
Sample Sentences:
यह ज़मीन बहुत अच्छा गेहूँ पैदा करती है।
This land produces very good wheat.
(yah zamiin bahut achchhaa gehoon paidaa kartii hai।)
उसकी बातों ने सबके मन में शक पैदा कर दिया।
His words created suspicion in everyone's mind.
(uskii baaton ne sabke man men shak paidaa kar diyaa।)
प्लीज़ बेवजह झगड़ा पैदा मत करो।
Please don't create trouble for no reason.
(pliiz bevjah jhagdaa paidaa mat karo।)
इस कहानी ने बच्चों में किताबों के लिए दिलचस्पी पैदा की है।
This story has created interest in books among the children.
(is kahaanii ne bachchon men kitaabon ke lie dilchaspii paidaa kii hai।)
सरकार नई नीतियों से रोज़गार पैदा करने की कोशिश कर रही है।
The government is trying to create employment through new policies.
(sarkaar naii niitiyon se rozgaar paidaa karne kii koshish kar rahii hai।)
अगर वह थोड़ी मेहनत करता तो और फ़सल पैदा कर पाता।
If he had worked a little harder, he would have been able to produce more crop.
(agar vah thodii mehnat kartaa to aur fasal paidaa kar paataa।)
यह कारखाना हर महीने हज़ारों टन स्टील पैदा करता है।
This factory produces thousands of tons of steel every month.
(yah kaarkhaanaa har mahiine hazaaron tan stiil paidaa kartaa hai।)
कहीं ऐसा न हो कि तुम्हारी बात से गलतफ़हमी पैदा हो जाए।
Let it not happen that your words end up creating a misunderstanding.
(kahiin aisaa n ho ki tumhaarii baat se galatfahmii paidaa ho jaae।)
उस विवाद से समाज में गहरी दरार पैदा हुई थी।
That controversy had created a deep rift in society.
(us vivaad se samaaj men gahrii daraar paidaa huii thii।)
इतनी बिजली पैदा करने के लिए बड़े बांध की ज़रूरत पड़ेगी।
A large dam will be needed to produce this much electricity.
(itnii bijlii paidaa karne ke lie bade baandh kii zaroorat padegii।)
उसकी मुस्कान ने कमरे में एक अजीब सी गर्माहट पैदा कर दी।
Her smile created a strange warmth in the room.
(uskii muskaan ne kamre men ek ajiib sii garmaahat paidaa kar dii।)
Morphology
Adjective (invariant)
invariant:
पैदा
(paidaa)