दुगुना (dugunaa)

adjective A multiplier adjective meaning 'double, twice as much'; also used adverbially in common phrases about increase. Closely related to दोगुना (dogunaa), a very common variant spelling with the same meaning.
Sense 1 : double, twice as much/many
adjective
Synonyms: दोगुना (dogunaa, variant form)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will hear this constantly in everyday bargaining and complaining talk in Delhi markets -- दाम दुगुने हो गए (daam dugune ho gae, 'the prices have doubled') is a classic auto-rickshaw or sabzi-mandi (sabzii mandii) complaint. दोगुना (dogunaa) is at least as common in speech as दुगुना (dugunaa), so don't be surprised to see both in the wild.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes treat this as invariant, but it agrees with the noun it modifies like a regular -आ (aa) ending adjective, e.g. दुगुनी मेहनत (dugunii mehnat, 'double effort', with feminine मेहनत (mehnat)). 2) It is often paired with हो जाना (ho jaanaa) or कर देना (kar denaa) to mean 'to double' -- दुगुना हो गया (dugunaa ho gayaa, 'it doubled') -- rather than being used with a separate verb meaning 'to double'.
Sample Sentences:
पिछले साल से इस साल टमाटर के दाम दुगुने हो गए हैं। Tomato prices have doubled compared to last year.
(pichhle saal se is saal tamaatar ke daam dugune ho gae hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम अभी काम शुरू करो तो कमाई दुगुनी हो सकती है। If you start the work now, your earnings could double.
(agar tum abhii kaam shuroo karo to kamaaii dugunii ho saktii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस साड़ी की कीमत उस वाली से दुगुनी है। This sari's price is double that other one's.
(is saadii kii kiimat us vaalii se dugunii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अपनी मेहनत दुगुनी कर दो, वरना समय पर काम पूरा नहीं होगा। Double your effort, or the work won't be finished on time.
(apnii mehnat dugunii kar do, varnaa samay par kaam pooraa nahiin hogaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर बारिश समय पर होती तो फसल दुगुनी होती। If the rain had come on time, the harvest would have been double.
(agar baarish samay par hotii to phasal dugunii hotii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
ऑटो वाले ने बारिश में दुगुना किराया मांगा। The auto driver demanded double fare in the rain.
(oto vaale ne baarish men dugunaa kiraayaa maangaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
सब्ज़ी मंडी में प्याज़ के दाम दुगुने हो गए हैं, लोग परेशान हैं। Onion prices at the vegetable market have doubled, people are upset.
(sabzii mandii men pyaaz ke daam dugune ho gae hain, log pareshaan hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कंपनी को उम्मीद है कि अगले साल मुनाफ़ा दुगुना हो जाएगा। The company hopes that profits will double next year.
(kampnii ko ummiid hai ki agle saal munaafaa dugunaa ho jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
सरकार ने किसानों की आय दुगुनी करने का वादा किया था। The government had promised to double farmers' income.
(sarkaar ne kisaanon kii aay dugunii karne kaa vaadaa kiyaa thaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
काश मेरी तनख्वाह दुगुनी होती, तो यह फ्लैट खरीद पाता। If only my salary were double, I could have bought this flat.
(kaash merii tanakhvaah dugunii hotii, to yah phlait khariid paataa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
दुगुनी मेहनत के बिना दुगुना फल नहीं मिलता। Without double the effort, you don't get double the reward.
(dugunii mehnat ke binaa dugunaa phal nahiin miltaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Adjective (variable)
(sg.m): दुगुना (dugunaa)
(pl.m): दुगुने (dugune)
(sg.f): दुगुनी (dugunii)
(pl.f): दुगुनी (dugunii)