छठा (chhathaa)

adjective This is the ordinal number 'sixth,' an adjective that agrees in gender and number with the noun it describes.
Sense 1 : sixth (ordinal number)
adjective
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will hear छठा (chhathaa) constantly with class/grade in school talk -- छठी कक्षा (chhathii kakshaa, 'sixth grade') -- and with floors, chapters, and birthdays. It is also the root behind छठी (chhathii), the traditional ceremony held on a baby's sixth day after birth, and Chhath Puja, the festival named for the sixth day of the lunar fortnight -- so the number 'six' runs quietly through several important cultural markers.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often forget this word inflects like a regular -आ (aa) adjective: छठा (chhathaa) before a masculine singular noun, छठे (chhathe) before a masculine plural or oblique noun, and छठी (chhathii) before a feminine noun -- e.g. छठी मंज़िल (chhathii manzil, 'sixth floor') because मंज़िल (manzil) is feminine. 2) Do not confuse छठा (chhathaa) with छठ (chhath), the festival name -- they share a root but are different words with different uses.
Sample Sentences:
मेरा बेटा छठी कक्षा में पढ़ता है। My son studies in sixth grade.
(meraa betaa chhathii kakshaa men padhtaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हमारा फ्लैट छठी मंज़िल पर है। Our flat is on the sixth floor.
(hamaaraa phlait chhathii manzil par hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
यह किताब का छठा अध्याय है। This is the sixth chapter of the book.
(yah kitaab kaa chhathaa adhyaay hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कल उसका छठा जन्मदिन था। Yesterday was his sixth birthday.
(kal uskaa chhathaa janmdin thaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगले साल वह छठी कक्षा में जाएगी। Next year she will go into sixth grade.
(agle saal vah chhathii kakshaa men jaaegii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
अगर वह इस दौड़ में छठे नंबर पर आता, तो भी हमें गर्व होता। Even if he had come sixth in this race, we would still have been proud.
(agar vah is daud men chhathe nambar par aataa, to bhii hamen garv hotaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
क्या यह उसकी छठी कक्षा की किताब है? Is this his sixth grade book?
(kyaa yah uskii chhathii kakshaa kii kitaab hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बच्चे की छठी आज मनाई जा रही है। The baby's sixth-day ceremony is being celebrated today.
(bachche kii chhathii aaj manaaii jaa rahii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
छठी कक्षा का परिणाम शुक्रवार को घोषित किया जाएगा। The sixth grade results will be announced on Friday.
(chhathii kakshaa kaa parinaam shukrvaar ko ghoshit kiyaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
छठी मंज़िल तक लिफ्ट से जाइए, सीढ़ियों से मत जाइए। Please go to the sixth floor by lift, don't take the stairs.
(chhathii manzil tak lipht se jaaie, siidhiyon se mat jaaie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
शायद उसका जन्म छठे महीने में हुआ हो। Perhaps he was born in the sixth month.
(shaayad uskaa janm chhathe mahiine men huaa ho।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Adjective (variable)
(sg.m): छठा (chhathaa)
(pl.m): छठे (chhathe)
(sg.f): छठी (chhathii)
(pl.f): छठी (chhathii)