मंगल (mangal)

noun/adjective मंगल (mangal) covers the day-name Tuesday, the planet Mars, and an adjective/noun sense meaning 'auspicious, welfare, well-being' -- all three senses share the same root idea of 'auspiciousness' from Sanskrit.
Sense 1 : Tuesday
noun, masculine Used on its own in set phrases like मंगल को (mangal ko, 'on Tuesday'), though मंगलवार (mangalvaar) is the more complete everyday word for the day.
Synonyms: मंगलवार (mangalvaar, full form)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Tuesday is considered the day of the god Hanuman (hanumaan) and the planet Mars in North Indian tradition, so many people visit a मंगल मंदिर (mangal mandir) or observe a मंगलवार का व्रत (mangalvaar kaa vrat, 'Tuesday fast') on this day.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often only know मंगलवार (mangalvaar) and are surprised that बुध (budh) and मंगल (mangal) alone (without -वार) also appear in speech and on calendars.
Sample Sentences:
आज मंगल है, इसलिए मंदिर में बहुत भीड़ है। Today is Tuesday, so there's a huge crowd at the temple.
(aaj mangal hai, islie mandir men bahut bhiid hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मैं हर मंगल को हनुमान मंदिर जाती हूँ। I go to the Hanuman temple every Tuesday.
(main har mangal ko hanumaan mandir jaatii hoon।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पिछले मंगल को मैंने पूरे दिन व्रत रखा था। Last Tuesday I kept a fast all day.
(pichhle mangal ko mainne poore din vrat rakhaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगले मंगल को मीटिंग रखी जाएगी। The meeting will be scheduled for next Tuesday.
(agle mangal ko miiting rakhii jaaegii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
क्या तुम मंगल को खाली हो? Are you free on Tuesday?
(kyaa tum mangal ko khaalii ho?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मंगल को दुकान बंद रहती है। The shop stays closed on Tuesdays.
(mangal ko dukaan band rahtii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर मंगल को छुट्टी होती, तो हम घूमने चलते। If Tuesday were a holiday, we would have gone out.
(agar mangal ko chhuttii hotii, to ham ghoomne chalte।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
कृपया मंगल तक रिपोर्ट भेज दीजिए। Please send the report by Tuesday.
(kripyaa mangal tak riport bhej diijie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
शायद डॉक्टर की अपॉइंटमेंट मंगल को मिल जाए। Maybe I'll get the doctor's appointment on Tuesday.
(shaayad doktar kii apointment mangal ko mil jaae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
मंगल की सुबह बाज़ार में सब्ज़ी वाले जल्दी आ जाते हैं। On Tuesday mornings, the vegetable vendors come to the market early.
(mangal kii subah baazaar men sabzii vaale jaldii aa jaate hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मंगल के दिन बाल कटवाना अशुभ माना जाता है। Getting a haircut on Tuesday is considered inauspicious.
(mangal ke din baal katvaanaa ashubh maanaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Sense 2 : the planet Mars
noun, masculine
Synonyms: मंगल ग्रह (mangal grah, full form used in astronomy/astrology contexts)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: In Vedic astrology (ज्योतिष, jyotish) मंगल (mangal) is a powerful and often 'fiery' planet associated with courage and conflict; a person's कुंडली (kundlii, 'birth chart') is frequently checked for मंगल दोष (mangal dosh) before marriage, a topic that comes up seriously in many families when discussing matches.
Sample Sentences:
मंगल सूर्य से चौथा ग्रह है। Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun.
(mangal soory se chauthaa grah hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वैज्ञानिक मंगल पर जीवन की खोज कर रहे हैं। Scientists are searching for life on Mars.
(vaigyaanik mangal par jiivan kii khoj kar rahe hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पंडित जी ने कहा कि मेरी कुंडली में मंगल कमज़ोर स्थिति में है। The pandit said that Mars is in a weak position in my birth chart.
(pandit jii ne kahaa ki merii kundlii men mangal kamzor sthiti men hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
भारत ने मंगल पर अपना यान भेजा था। India had sent its spacecraft to Mars.
(bhaarat ne mangal par apnaa yaan bhejaa thaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर उसकी कुंडली में मंगल इतना प्रबल न होता, तो शादी में देर न होती। If Mars weren't so strong in her chart, the marriage wouldn't have been delayed.
(agar uskii kundlii men mangal itnaa prabal n hotaa, to shaadii men der n hotii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
मंगल को लाल ग्रह भी कहा जाता है। Mars is also called the red planet.
(mangal ko laal grah bhii kahaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
क्या भविष्य में इंसान मंगल पर बस पाएँगे? Will humans be able to settle on Mars in the future?
(kyaa bhavishy men insaan mangal par bas paaenge?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
ज्योतिषी ने सुझाव दिया कि विवाह से पहले मंगल दोष की जाँच करवा लें। The astrologer suggested that they get the Mars-affliction checked before marriage.
(jyotishii ne sujhaav diyaa ki vivaah se pahle mangal dosh kii jaanch karvaa len।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
मंगल ग्रह की सतह पर धूल भरी आँधियाँ चलती हैं। Dust storms blow across the surface of the planet Mars.
(mangal grah kii satah par dhool bharii aandhiyaan chaltii hain।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 3 : auspicious, welfare-bringing
adjective Appears mainly in fixed formal/ceremonial phrases rather than everyday casual speech, e.g. मंगल कामना (mangal kaamnaa, 'good wishes') or मंगल गीत (mangal giit, 'auspicious song').
Synonyms: शुभ (shubh), कल्याणकारी (kalyaankaarii, formal)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear this sense in wedding invitations and formal greetings -- मंगलमय हो (mangalmay ho, 'may it be auspicious') -- giving the word a warm, ceremonial flavor rather than a plain descriptive one.
Sample Sentences:
आज का दिन बहुत मंगल है। Today is a very auspicious day.
(aaj kaa din bahut mangal hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
आपका जीवन मंगलमय हो। May your life be auspicious.
(aapkaa jiivan mangalmay ho।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
पंडित जी ने विवाह के लिए एक मंगल मुहूर्त निकाला। The priest determined an auspicious moment for the wedding.
(pandit jii ne vivaah ke lie ek mangal muhoort nikaalaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
निमंत्रण पत्र में लिखा था, "आपका आगमन मंगलमय हो"। The invitation card said, "May your arrival be auspicious."
(nimantran patr men likhaa thaa, "aapkaa aagman mangalmay ho"।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
घर में मंगल कार्य होने वाला है, इसलिए सब सजावट में लगे हैं। An auspicious ceremony is about to take place at home, so everyone is busy decorating.
(ghar men mangal kaary hone vaalaa hai, islie sab sajaavat men lage hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
यदि हर काम मंगल समय पर ही किया जाता, तो जीवन कितना सरल होता। If every task were done only at an auspicious time, how simple life would be.
(yadi har kaam mangal samay par hii kiyaa jaataa, to jiivan kitnaa saral hotaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Passive
नई दुकान का उद्घाटन एक मंगल दिन पर रखा गया। The new shop's inauguration was scheduled on an auspicious day.
(naii dukaan kaa udghaatan ek mangal din par rakhaa gayaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि यह घड़ी मंगल है? Do you think this moment is auspicious?
(kyaa tumhen lagtaa hai ki yah ghadii mangal hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इस शुभ अवसर पर हम सब मिलकर मंगल गीत गाएँगे। On this auspicious occasion, we will all sing auspicious songs together.
(is shubh avsar par ham sab milkar mangal giit gaaenge।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
मंगल कार्य से पहले घर की सफाई कर लो। Clean the house before the auspicious ceremony.
(mangal kaary se pahle ghar kii saphaaii kar lo।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
Sense 4 : welfare, well-being, good fortune
noun, masculine Common in the compound noun मंगलकामना (mangalkaamnaa, 'wish for someone's well-being') and in blessings offered by elders.
Synonyms: कल्याण (kalyaan), भलाई (bhalaaii)
Frequency: low
Cultural Note: Elders often bless younger family members with phrases invoking तुम्हारा मंगल हो (tumhaaraa mangal ho, 'may good things happen to you'), tying this sense closely to everyday family warmth rather than to abstract philosophy.
Sample Sentences:
तुम्हारा मंगल हो, बेटा। May good things happen to you, son.
(tumhaaraa mangal ho, betaa।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
दादी हमेशा अपने पोते-पोतियों के मंगल की प्रार्थना करती हैं। Grandmother always prays for the welfare of her grandchildren.
(daadii hameshaa apne pote-potiyon ke mangal kii praarthnaa kartii hain।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
भगवान करे, तुम्हारा मंगल हो और तुम्हारा परिवार सुखी रहे। May God grant that good things happen to you and your family stay happy.
(bhagvaan kare, tumhaaraa mangal ho aur tumhaaraa parivaar sukhii rahe।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
पंडित जी ने पूजा के अंत में सबके मंगल की कामना की। At the end of the ritual, the priest wished for everyone's well-being.
(pandit jii ne poojaa ke ant men sabke mangal kii kaamnaa kii।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर उसका मंगल होता, तो इतनी मुश्किलें न आती। If good fortune had been with him, so many troubles would not have come.
(agar uskaa mangal hotaa, to itnii mushkilen n aatii।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
माँ ने आशीर्वाद देते हुए कहा, तुम्हारा सदा मंगल होता रहे। While blessing him, mother said, may your welfare always continue.
(maan ne aashiirvaad dete hue kahaa, tumhaaraa sadaa mangal hotaa rahe।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
सबके मंगल के लिए यह हवन किया जाता है। This fire ritual is performed for the welfare of everyone.
(sabke mangal ke lie yah havan kiyaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
उसके मंगल की खबर सुनकर सब खुश हो गए। Hearing the news of his well-being, everyone became happy.
(uske mangal kii khabar sunkar sab khush ho gae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.m.direct): मंगल (mangal)
(sg.m.oblique): मंगल (mangal)
(pl.m.direct): मंगल (mangal)
(pl.m.oblique): मंगलों (manglon)
Adjective (invariant)
invariant: मंगल (mangal)