हरा (haraa)
adjective
Mainly the color adjective 'green' (haraa); the same form also occurs as a masculine verb form of हारना (haarnaa, 'to lose') and हरना (harnaa, 'to defeat/take away'), which are separate lemmas covered by their own morphology tables, not here.
Sense
1
:
the color green
adjective
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: हरा (haraa) is the color of freshness and growth in everyday speech -- हरी सब्ज़ी (harii sabzii, 'green vegetables') and हरा धनिया (haraa dhaniyaa, 'fresh coriander') are kitchen staples you will hear constantly at the सब्ज़ी वाला (sabzii vaalaa, 'vegetable vendor')'s cart. It is also one of the three colors of the Indian flag, so it carries a mild patriotic association alongside its literal meaning.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often leave हरा (haraa) unmarked before a feminine or plural noun; like other variable adjectives it must agree: हरी साड़ी (harii saadii, 'green sari'), हरे पत्ते (hare patte, 'green leaves').
Sample Sentences:
मुझे हरा रंग बहुत पसंद है।
I like the color green very much.
(mujhe haraa rang bahut pasand hai।)
बाज़ार से थोड़ी हरी सब्ज़ी ले आओ।
Bring some green vegetables from the market.
(baazaar se thodii harii sabzii le aao।)
सब्ज़ी वाले के ठेले पर हरा धनिया ताज़ा दिख रहा था।
The fresh coriander looked fresh on the vegetable vendor's cart.
(sabzii vaale ke thele par haraa dhaniyaa taazaa dikh rahaa thaa।)
तिरंगे में सबसे नीचे हरा रंग होता है।
The green color is at the bottom of the tricolor flag.
(tirange men sabse niiche haraa rang hotaa hai।)
अगर दीवार हरी होती तो कमरा और ताज़ा लगता।
If the wall were green, the room would look even fresher.
(agar diivaar harii hotii to kamraa aur taazaa lagtaa।)
पहाड़ों की चोटियाँ बारिश के बाद हरी हो गई थीं।
The mountain peaks had turned green after the rain.
(pahaadon kii chotiyaan baarish ke baad harii ho gaii thiin।)
क्या तुम्हें हरी शर्ट पसंद आएगी या नीली?
Will you like the green shirt or the blue one?
(kyaa tumhen harii shart pasand aaegii yaa niilii?)
स्कूल की यूनिफ़ॉर्म में हरी टाई शामिल की गई है।
A green tie has been included in the school uniform.
(skool kii yooniform men harii taaii shaamil kii gaii hai।)
काश उसकी आँखें हरी होती, तो वह और सुंदर दिखती।
If only her eyes were green, she would look even more beautiful.
(kaash uskii aankhen harii hotii, to vah aur sundar dikhtii।)
दीवार पर हरा पेंट कराते वक़्त मज़दूर बहुत सावधान थे।
The workers were very careful while getting the green paint done on the wall.
(diivaar par haraa pent karaate vaqt mazdoor bahut saavdhaan the।)
पार्क में घास इतनी हरी है कि दूर से मैदान चमकता लगता है।
The grass in the park is so green that the field looks shining from a distance.
(paark men ghaas itnii harii hai ki door se maidaan chamaktaa lagtaa hai।)
Sense
2
:
unripe, raw, inexperienced (figurative)
adjective Used of fruit not yet ripe, or figuratively of a person still green/inexperienced, much like English 'green' in this sense.
Synonyms: कच्चा (kachchaa, 'unripe/raw', overlaps closely in the unripe-fruit sense), अनुभवहीन (anubhvahiin, 'inexperienced', formal)
Frequency: low
Cultural Note: Just as in English, हरा (haraa) can describe a person who is naive or new to something, though कच्चा (kachchaa) is more common for literally unripe fruit -- the figurative 'green/inexperienced' sense of हरा (haraa) is heard less often in casual speech than its color sense.
Sample Sentences:
वह अभी इस काम में बिलकुल हरा है।
He is still completely green at this job.
(vah abhii is kaam men bilkul haraa hai।)
नए लड़के को मत डाँटो, वह अभी हरा है।
Don't scold the new boy, he's still green.
(nae ladke ko mat daanto, vah abhii haraa hai।)
जब मैं इस फील्ड में हरा था, तब मुझसे बहुत गलतियाँ होती थीं।
When I was green in this field, I used to make a lot of mistakes.
(jab main is phiild men haraa thaa, tab mujhse bahut galtiyaan hotii thiin।)
अगर वह इतना हरा न होता तो इतनी बड़ी गलती न करता।
If he weren't so green, he wouldn't have made such a big mistake.
(agar vah itnaa haraa n hotaa to itnii badii galtii n kartaa।)
क्या तुम अब भी इस व्यापार में हरे हो?
Are you still green in this business?
(kyaa tum ab bhii is vyaapaar men hare ho?)
उसे देखकर कोई नहीं कहेगा कि वह इस पेशे में हरा है।
Looking at him, no one would say that he's green in this profession.
(use dekhkar koii nahiin kahegaa ki vah is peshe men haraa hai।)
संपादक ने उस हरे लेखक को थोड़ा वक़्त और दिया।
The editor gave that green writer a bit more time.
(sampaadak ne us hare lekhak ko thodaa vaqt aur diyaa।)
शायद वह अभी भी थोड़ा हरा हो, अनुभव की कमी है।
Perhaps he is still a bit green, there's a lack of experience.
(shaayad vah abhii bhii thodaa haraa ho, anubhav kii kamii hai।)
Morphology
Adjective (variable)
(sg.m):
हरा
(haraa)
(pl.m):
हरे
(hare)
(sg.f):
हरी
(harii)
(pl.f):
हरी
(harii)