स्पष्ट (spasht)
adjective/adverb
A formal-register word meaning 'clear' or 'obvious' -- most often heard as an adjective describing clarity of speech, thought, or fact, and also common as the adverbial base in the phrase स्पष्ट रूप से (spasht roop se, 'clearly, explicitly').
Sense
1
:
clear, obvious, evident
adjective
Synonyms: साफ़ (saaf), स्पष्ट-सा (spasht-saa, rare), प्रत्यक्ष (pratyaksh, literary)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word you will hear a news anchor or a teacher use, not the word you will hear in the kitchen -- it carries a slightly formal, almost official flavor, the kind of word that shows up in government notices (स्पष्ट निर्देश (spasht nirdesh, 'clear instructions')) and school essays alike.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for साफ़ (saaf) in every context, but स्पष्ट (spasht) is the word you want in written or formal spoken Hindi -- a report, a policy, an explanation -- while साफ़ (saaf) leans more everyday and physical (a clean room, clear water) alongside its 'clear/obvious' sense. 2) Learners sometimes forget this adjective takes the regular -आ/-ी agreement pattern (स्पष्ट कारण (spasht kaaran, 'a clear reason') vs स्पष्ट बात (spasht baat, 'a clear matter')) -- check the morphology table for the full pattern.
Sample Sentences:
कृपया अपना उत्तर स्पष्ट शब्दों में लिखें।
Please write your answer in clear words.
(kripyaa apnaa uttar spasht shabdon men likhen।)
सरकार ने नए नियमों पर स्पष्ट निर्देश जारी किए हैं।
The government has issued clear instructions on the new rules.
(sarkaar ne nae niymon par spasht nirdesh jaarii kie hain।)
मुझे अभी तक यह बात स्पष्ट नहीं है कि बैठक कब होगी।
It's not yet clear to me when the meeting will be.
(mujhe abhii tak yah baat spasht nahiin hai ki baithak kab hogii।)
टीचर ने आज का पाठ इतना स्पष्ट समझाया कि सारे बच्चे समझ गए।
The teacher explained today's lesson so clearly that all the children understood.
(tiichar ne aaj kaa paath itnaa spasht samjhaayaa ki saare bachche samajh gae।)
अगर तस्वीर थोड़ी और स्पष्ट होती, तो हम चेहरा पहचान पाते।
If the picture had been a bit clearer, we would have been able to recognize the face.
(agar tasviir thodii aur spasht hotii, to ham chehraa pahchaan paate।)
समाचार वाचक ने बहुत स्पष्ट आवाज़ में खबर पढ़ी।
The news anchor read the news in a very clear voice.
(samaachaar vaachak ne bahut spasht aavaaz men khabar padhii।)
क्या आपकी बात स्पष्ट हो गई है, या मुझे फिर से समझाना पड़ेगा?
Has your point become clear, or will I have to explain it again?
(kyaa aapkii baat spasht ho gaii hai, yaa mujhe phir se samjhaanaa padegaa?)
दस्तावेज़ में हर शर्त बिलकुल स्पष्ट होनी चाहिए, ताकि कोई विवाद न हो।
Every condition in the document should be absolutely clear, so that there's no dispute.
(dastaavez men har shart bilkul spasht honii chaahie, taaki koii vivaad n ho।)
पहाड़ों की चोटियाँ आज इतनी स्पष्ट दिख रही हैं, जैसे हाथ बढ़ाकर छू लें।
The mountain peaks look so clear today, as if you could reach out and touch them.
(pahaadon kii chotiyaan aaj itnii spasht dikh rahii hain, jaise haath badhaakar chhoo len।)
उसने साफ-साफ और स्पष्ट रूप से कह दिया कि वह नौकरी छोड़ रहा है।
He said clearly and plainly that he is leaving the job.
(usne saaph-saaph aur spasht roop se kah diyaa ki vah naukrii chhod rahaa hai।)
जब तक तस्वीर पूरी तरह स्पष्ट न हो, कोई निर्णय मत लीजिए।
Until the picture becomes completely clear, don't make any decision.
(jab tak tasviir poorii tarah spasht n ho, koii nirnay mat liijie।)
Sense
2
:
clearly, explicitly (as part of a fixed phrase)
adverb Functions adverbially almost only inside the fixed phrase स्पष्ट रूप से (spasht roop se, 'clearly, explicitly'), which modifies a verb the way an English adverb would -- स्पष्ट (spasht) alone is not used adverbially without रूप से (roop se).
Synonyms: साफ़ साफ़ (saaf saaf), स्पष्ट रूप से (spasht roop se, fixed phrase)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear स्पष्ट रूप से (spasht roop se) constantly in the news and in formal speeches -- 'उन्होंने स्पष्ट रूप से कहा' (unhonne spasht roop se kahaa, 'he said clearly/explicitly') -- while its everyday cousin साफ़ साफ़ (saaf saaf) is what a mother says when telling her child to speak plainly.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes drop रूप से (roop se) and try to use स्पष्ट (spasht) alone as an adverb (e.g. wanting to say 'clearly' before a verb) -- native speakers need the full phrase स्पष्ट रूप से (spasht roop se) or the more casual साफ़ साफ़ (saaf saaf) for that job.
Sample Sentences:
उन्होंने स्पष्ट रूप से कहा कि यह योजना रद्द हो गई है।
He said clearly that this plan has been cancelled.
(unhonne spasht roop se kahaa ki yah yojnaa radd ho gaii hai।)
मंत्री जी ने स्पष्ट रूप से बताया कि नई नीति कब लागू होगी।
The minister explained clearly when the new policy will come into effect.
(mantrii jii ne spasht roop se bataayaa ki naii niiti kab laagoo hogii।)
कृपया अपनी राय स्पष्ट रूप से रखें।
Please state your opinion clearly.
(kripyaa apnii raay spasht roop se rakhen।)
अगर आप स्पष्ट रूप से नहीं बोलेंगे, तो लोग आपकी बात नहीं समझेंगे।
If you don't speak clearly, people won't understand what you're saying.
(agar aap spasht roop se nahiin bolenge, to log aapkii baat nahiin samjhenge।)
यह ज़रूरी है कि नियमों को स्पष्ट रूप से समझाया जाए।
It is necessary that the rules be explained clearly.
(yah zaroorii hai ki niymon ko spasht roop se samjhaayaa jaae।)
प्रवक्ता ने स्पष्ट रूप से इस बात से इनकार किया।
The spokesperson explicitly denied this.
(pravaktaa ne spasht roop se is baat se inkaar kiyaa।)
सरकार को स्पष्ट रूप से अपनी नीति की घोषणा करनी चाहिए।
The government should clearly announce its policy.
(sarkaar ko spasht roop se apnii niiti kii ghoshnaa karnii chaahie।)
अगर उसने अपनी शर्तें स्पष्ट रूप से बताई होती, तो कोई गलतफ़हमी न होती।
If he had stated his conditions clearly, there would have been no misunderstanding.
(agar usne apnii sharten spasht roop se bataaii hotii, to koii galatfahmii n hotii।)
अदालत में हर बिंदु को स्पष्ट रूप से पेश किया गया।
Every point was presented clearly in court.
(adaalat men har bindu ko spasht roop se pesh kiyaa gayaa।)
Morphology
Adjective (variable)
(sg.m):
स्पष्ट
(spasht)
(pl.m):
स्पष्टे
(spashte)
(sg.f):
स्पष्टी
(spashtii)
(pl.f):
स्पष्टी
(spashtii)