गड़बड़ (gadbad)

noun/adjective/verb A very common everyday word covering both the noun sense (a mess, mix-up, or malfunction) and the adjective sense (messy, faulty, out of order); a related verb sense describes something 'going wrong' or getting muddled.
Sense 1 : mess, mix-up, disorder, malfunction
noun, feminine
Synonyms: गोलमाल (golmaal), अफरातफरी (aphraataphrii, more chaotic/panicky), खराबी (kharaabii, leans toward mechanical fault), उलटफेर (ulatpher, mix-up/reversal)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will hear this word constantly in daily Delhi life: a shopkeeper miscounts change and mutters कुछ गड़बड़ है (kuchh gadbad hai, 'something's off'), or a plan falls apart and someone says सब गड़बड़ हो गया (sab gadbad ho gayaa, 'everything got messed up'). It has a friendly, slightly informal flavor -- not as harsh as 'disaster' in English, more like 'mess' or 'snag.'
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for खराबी (kharaabii) when they mean a general mess or confusion, but खराबी (kharaabii) leans more toward something being technically broken, while गड़बड़ (gadbad) covers confusion, disorder, or a botched situation more broadly. 2) The common phrase गड़बड़ होना (gadbad honaa, 'for a mess/mix-up to happen') uses होना, not करना, when describing something going wrong on its own -- learners sometimes force in करना from English 'to make a mess.'
Sample Sentences:
कुछ गड़बड़ है, यह मशीन ठीक से काम नहीं कर रही। Something's off, this machine isn't working properly.
(kuchh gadbad hai, yah mashiin thiik se kaam nahiin kar rahii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
आज सुबह से सब गड़बड़ हो गया। Everything's been a mess since this morning.
(aaj subah se sab gadbad ho gayaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
बिल में कोई गड़बड़ लग रही है, ज़रा दोबारा देख लो। There seems to be some mix-up in the bill, please check it again.
(bil men koii gadbad lag rahii hai, zaraa dobaaraa dekh lo।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पिछली बार ऑर्डर में इतनी गड़बड़ हुई थी कि हमने वहाँ जाना बंद कर दिया। Last time there was such a mess with the order that we stopped going there.
(pichhlii baar ordar men itnii gadbad huii thii ki hamne vahaan jaanaa band kar diyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर टिकटों में गड़बड़ हो जाए तो हमें तुरंत बता देना। If there's a mix-up with the tickets, let us know right away.
(agar tikton men gadbad ho jaae to hamen turant bataa denaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
अगर उसने समय पर पैसे भेज दिए होते तो यह गड़बड़ नहीं होती। If he had sent the money on time, this mess wouldn't have happened.
(agar usne samay par paise bhej die hote to yah gadbad nahiin hotii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
खाते में कोई गड़बड़ पाई गई है, इसलिए हमें बैंक जाना पड़ेगा। Some irregularity has been found in the account, so we'll have to go to the bank.
(khaate men koii gadbad paaii gaii hai, islie hamen baink jaanaa padegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
हर बार जब वह खाना बनाता है, कुछ न कुछ गड़बड़ हो जाती है। Every time he cooks, some mess or another happens.
(har baar jab vah khaanaa banaataa hai, kuchh n kuchh gadbad ho jaatii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
टीम के बीच तालमेल की गड़बड़ की वजह से पूरा प्रोजेक्ट पिछड़ गया। Because of a coordination mix-up among the team, the whole project fell behind.
(tiim ke biich taalmel kii gadbad kii vajah se pooraa projekt pichhad gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अरे यार, फिर से कोई गड़बड़ हो गई क्या? Oh man, did some mess happen again?
(are yaar, phir se koii gadbad ho gaii kyaa?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
व्यवस्था में इतनी गड़बड़ होते हुए भी लोग शांत बने रहे। Even with so much disorder in the system, people remained calm.
(vyavasthaa men itnii gadbad hote hue bhii log shaant bane rahe।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : messy, muddled, faulty, out of order
adjective Used predicatively with होना, as in यह मशीन गड़बड़ है (yah mashiin gadbad hai, 'this machine is faulty') -- functions almost like an invariant descriptive tag rather than a fully inflecting adjective.
Synonyms: गोलमाल (golmaal), खराब (kharaab, leans toward broken/bad quality)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word you will hear an electrician or a mechanic use constantly: तार गड़बड़ है (taar gadbad hai, 'the wire's faulty') or दिमाग गड़बड़ है क्या? (dimaag gadbad hai kyaa?, 'has your brain gone haywire?', said teasingly to a friend acting strangely).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes try to inflect it like a regular -आ adjective (गड़बड़ी, गड़बड़े), but it stays the same form regardless of the gender or number of the noun it describes.
Sample Sentences:
यह तार गड़बड़ है, इसलिए पंखा नहीं चल रहा। This wire is faulty, that's why the fan isn't running.
(yah taar gadbad hai, islie pankhaa nahiin chal rahaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
तेरा दिमाग गड़बड़ है क्या? ऐसी बातें क्यों कर रहा है? Has your brain gone haywire? Why are you saying such things?
(teraa dimaag gadbad hai kyaa? aisii baaten kyon kar rahaa hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मैकेनिक ने कहा कि गाड़ी का इंजन गड़बड़ है। The mechanic said that the car's engine is faulty.
(maikenik ne kahaa ki gaadii kaa injan gadbad hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसका हिसाब-किताब हमेशा गड़बड़ रहता है। His accounts are always messy.
(uskaa hisaab-kitaab hameshaa gadbad rahtaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर बिजली का कनेक्शन गड़बड़ होता, तो अब तक शॉर्ट-सर्किट हो चुका होता। If the electrical connection had been faulty, there would have been a short circuit by now.
(agar bijlii kaa kanekshan gadbad hotaa, to ab tak short-sarkit ho chukaa hotaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
मुझे लग रहा है कि मेरा पेट थोड़ा गड़बड़ है। I feel like my stomach is a bit off.
(mujhe lag rahaa hai ki meraa pet thodaa gadbad hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पहले सिस्टम गड़बड़ था, पर अब ठीक कर दिया गया है। Earlier the system was faulty, but now it has been fixed.
(pahle sistam gadbad thaa, par ab thiik kar diyaa gayaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
देखना, कहीं यह प्लान गड़बड़ न हो जाए। Watch out, this plan shouldn't end up faulty somehow.
(dekhnaa, kahiin yah plaan gadbad n ho jaae।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
यदि उत्पाद की गुणवत्ता गड़बड़ पाई जाए, तो कृपया तुरंत सूचित करें। If the product's quality is found to be faulty, please inform us immediately.
(yadi utpaad kii gunvattaa gadbad paaii jaae, to kripyaa turant soochit karen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Passive
यह मशीन गड़बड़ निकली, इसलिए हमने इसे वापस कर दिया। This machine turned out to be faulty, so we returned it.
(yah mashiin gadbad niklii, islie hamne ise vaapas kar diyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उसकी हैंडराइटिंग इतनी गड़बड़ है कि कोई पढ़ ही नहीं पाता। His handwriting is so messy that no one can read it.
(uskii haindraaiting itnii gadbad hai ki koii padh hii nahiin paataa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 3 : to go wrong, get muddled, malfunction
verb, intransitive Appears almost exclusively as the compound गड़बड़ाना (gadabdaanaa) or in the phrase गड़बड़ हो जाना (gadbad ho jaanaa, 'to end up going wrong'); the bare root is rarely used as an independent finite verb on its own.
Synonyms: बिगड़ना (bigadnaa, leans toward spoiling/worsening), उलझना (ulajhnaa, tangled/confused)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You'll often hear दिमाग गड़बड़ाना (dimaag gadabdaanaa, 'for one's mind to get muddled') when someone is confused by too much information at once -- a nice example of Hindi framing confusion as something that happens to the mind, not something you actively do.
Sample Sentences:
बहुत ज़्यादा जानकारी से मेरा दिमाग गड़बड़ा गया। My mind got all muddled from too much information.
(bahut zyaadaa jaankaarii se meraa dimaag gadabdaa gayaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम एक साथ इतनी बातें बताओगे तो मेरा दिमाग गड़बड़ा जाएगा। If you tell me so many things at once, my mind will get all mixed up.
(agar tum ek saath itnii baaten bataaoge to meraa dimaag gadabdaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
गाड़ी का इंजन अचानक गड़बड़ाने लगा। The car's engine suddenly started malfunctioning.
(gaadii kaa injan achaanak gadabdaane lagaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जब भी वह घबराता है, उसकी आवाज़ गड़बड़ा जाती है। Whenever he gets nervous, his voice gets shaky and mixed up.
(jab bhii vah ghabraataa hai, uskii aavaaz gadabdaa jaatii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इतने दबाव में कोई भी गड़बड़ा सकता है। Under so much pressure, anyone could get flustered and mess up.
(itne dabaav men koii bhii gadabdaa saktaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मंच पर बोलते हुए उसके शब्द गड़बड़ा गए। While speaking on stage, his words got all jumbled up.
(manch par bolte hue uske shabd gadabdaa gae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर सिस्टम एक बार गड़बड़ा जाए तो पूरा काम रुक जाता है। If the system malfunctions even once, the entire work comes to a halt.
(agar sistam ek baar gadabdaa jaae to pooraa kaam ruk jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
काश उस वक़्त मेरा दिमाग न गड़बड़ाता, तो मैं सही जवाब दे पाता। If only my mind hadn't gotten muddled at that moment, I would have given the right answer.
(kaash us vaqt meraa dimaag n gadabdaataa, to main sahii javaab de paataa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
इतनी शोरगुल में मत बोलो, वरना मेरी सोच गड़बड़ा जाएगी। Don't talk in all this noise, or my thinking will get muddled.
(itnii shorgul men mat bolo, varnaa merii soch gadabdaa jaaegii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Noun
(sg.f.direct): गड़बड़ (gadbad)
(sg.f.oblique): गड़बड़ (gadbad)
(pl.f.direct): गड़बड़ें (gadabden)
(pl.f.oblique): गड़बड़ों (gadabdon)
Adjective (invariant)
invariant: गड़बड़ (gadbad)
Verb
infinitive: गड़बड़ (gadbad)
infinitive oblique: गड़बडने (gadbadne)
habitual/simple (sg.m): गड़बडता (gadbadtaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m): गड़बडते (gadbadte)
habitual/simple (sg.f): गड़बडती (gadbadtii)
habitual/simple (pl.f): गड़बडतीं (gadbadtiin)
continuous (sg.m): गड़बड रहा (gadbad rahaa)
continuous (pl.m): गड़बड रहे (gadbad rahe)
continuous (sg.f): गड़बड रही (gadbad rahii)
continuous (pl.f): गड़बड रहीं (gadbad rahiin)
perfective (sg.m): गड़बडा (gadabdaa)
perfective (pl.m): गड़बडे (gadabde)
perfective (sg.f): गड़बडी (gadabdii)
perfective (pl.f): गड़बडीं (gadabdiin)
imperative (informal): गड़बड (gadbad)
imperative (neutral): गड़बडो (gadabdo)
imperative (formal): गड़बडिए (gadabdie)
future (1sg.m): गड़बडूँगा (gadabdoongaa)
future (1sg.f): गड़बडूँगी (gadabdoongii)
future (1pl.m): गड़बडेंगे (gadabdenge)
future (1pl.f): गड़बडेंगी (gadabdengii)
future (2sg.m): गड़बडेगा (gadabdegaa)
future (2sg.f): गड़बडेगी (gadabdegii)
future (2pl.m): गड़बडोगे (gadabdoge)
future (2pl.f): गड़बडोगी (gadabdogii)
future (3sg.m): गड़बडेगा (gadabdegaa)
future (3sg.f): गड़बडेगी (gadabdegii)
future (3pl.m): गड़बडेंगे (gadabdenge)
future (3pl.f): गड़बडेंगी (gadabdengii)
subjunctive (1sg): गड़बडूँ (gadabdoon)
subjunctive (1pl): गड़बडें (gadabden)
subjunctive (2sg): गड़बडे (gadabde)
subjunctive (2pl): गड़बडो (gadabdo)
subjunctive (3sg): गड़बडे (gadabde)
subjunctive (3pl): गड़बडें (gadabden)