साधारण (saadhaaran)

adjective An adjective meaning 'ordinary, common, simple' -- used constantly to describe everyday people, things, and events as unremarkable rather than special.
Sense 1 : ordinary, common, average
adjective
Synonyms: आम (aam), मामूली (maamoolii), सामान्य (saamaany)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will hear साधारण (saadhaaran) a lot in phrases like साधारण आदमी (saadhaaran aadmii, 'a common/ordinary man') -- a stock phrase in Hindi political and cinematic rhetoric, evoking the everyday citizen as opposed to the elite or powerful. It pairs naturally with इंसान (insaan) or व्यक्ति (vyakti) in this sense.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes reach for असाधारण (asaadhaaran, 'extraordinary') thinking it means something positive-neutral, but it actually means 'exceptional' -- the opposite of साधारण (saadhaaran). 2) साधारण (saadhaaran) can sound mildly dismissive in context (e.g. calling someone's work 'साधारण' can mean 'nothing special'), whereas English 'ordinary' is more neutral -- learners should be aware of this slight undertone.
Sample Sentences:
वह एक साधारण आदमी है। He is an ordinary man.
(vah ek saadhaaran aadmii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
नेता जी हमेशा कहते हैं कि वे साधारण जनता की आवाज़ हैं। The leader always says that he is the voice of the common people.
(netaa jii hameshaa kahte hain ki ve saadhaaran jantaa kii aavaaz hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
यह कोई साधारण घटना नहीं थी। This was no ordinary incident.
(yah koii saadhaaran ghatnaa nahiin thii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
फ़िल्म में एक साधारण व्यक्ति ही असली हीरो निकलता है। In the film, it's the common man who turns out to be the real hero.
(film men ek saadhaaran vyakti hii aslii hiiro nikaltaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर वह साधारण इंसान होता, तो इतनी हिम्मत नहीं दिखा पाता। If he were an ordinary man, he wouldn't have been able to show so much courage.
(agar vah saadhaaran insaan hotaa, to itnii himmat nahiin dikhaa paataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
साधारण लोगों की समस्याओं को सरकार तक पहुँचाया जाना चाहिए। The problems of ordinary people should be conveyed to the government.
(saadhaaran logon kii samasyaaon ko sarkaar tak pahunchaayaa jaanaa chaahie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि वह सच में इतना साधारण आदमी है? Do you really think he's that ordinary a man?
(kyaa tumhen lagtaa hai ki vah sach men itnaa saadhaaran aadmii hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
साधारण नागरिकों के अधिकारों की रक्षा करना संविधान का उद्देश्य है। Protecting the rights of ordinary citizens is the purpose of the constitution.
(saadhaaran naagrikon ke adhikaaron kii rakshaa karnaa sanvidhaan kaa uddeshy hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इतिहास ऐसे साधारण व्यक्तियों से भरा है जिन्होंने असाधारण काम किए। History is full of ordinary people who did extraordinary things.
(itihaas aise saadhaaran vyaktiyon se bharaa hai jinhonne asaadhaaran kaam kie।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
साधारण मतदाता ही इस चुनाव का असली फ़ैसला करेगा। It is the ordinary voter who will really decide this election.
(saadhaaran matdaataa hii is chunaav kaa aslii faislaa karegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : simple, plain, unpretentious
adjective
Synonyms: सादा (saadaa), सरल (saral)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This sense shows up when describing food, clothes, or a way of life -- साधारण खाना (saadhaaran khaanaa, 'simple food') praises modesty rather than criticizing plainness, reflecting a cultural value placed on simplicity over show.
Sample Sentences:
मुझे साधारण खाना ही पसंद है। I only like simple food.
(mujhe saadhaaran khaanaa hii pasand hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वह हमेशा साधारण कपड़े पहनती है, चाहे कितनी भी बड़ी पार्टी हो। She always wears simple clothes, no matter how big the party is.
(vah hameshaa saadhaaran kapde pahantii hai, chaahe kitnii bhii badii paartii ho।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हमने शादी में साधारण कपड़े ही पहने थे। We wore only simple clothes to the wedding.
(hamne shaadii men saadhaaran kapde hii pahne the।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
साधारण जीवन जीना कोई आसान काम नहीं है। Living a simple life is no easy task.
(saadhaaran jiivan jiinaa koii aasaan kaam nahiin hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
काश हम भी उनकी तरह साधारण जीवन जी पाते। I wish we too could live such a simple life like them.
(kaash ham bhii unkii tarah saadhaaran jiivan jii paate।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
घर की सजावट साधारण रखी जाए, तो अच्छा रहेगा। It would be nice if the home decor were kept simple.
(ghar kii sajaavat saadhaaran rakhii jaae, to achchhaa rahegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
साधारण खाना बनाओ, मेहमानों को दिखावे की ज़रूरत नहीं है। Make simple food, the guests don't need any show.
(saadhaaran khaanaa banaao, mehmaanon ko dikhaave kii zaroorat nahiin hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
उनका घर बहुत साधारण था, मगर हर कोना प्यार से सजाया गया था। Their house was very simple, but every corner was decorated with love.
(unkaa ghar bahut saadhaaran thaa, magar har konaa pyaar se sajaayaa gayaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
महात्मा गांधी साधारण वस्त्र पहनकर भी सबका दिल जीत लेते थे। Even wearing simple clothes, Mahatma Gandhi used to win everyone's heart.
(mahaatmaa gaandhii saadhaaran vastr pahankar bhii sabkaa dil jiit lete the।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
आगे चलकर उसका जीवन बहुत साधारण हो जाएगा, ऐसा उसने खुद तय किया है। His life will become very simple going forward, he has decided this himself.
(aage chalkar uskaa jiivan bahut saadhaaran ho jaaegaa, aisaa usne khud tay kiyaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Adjective (invariant)
invariant: साधारण (saadhaaran)