उपस्थित (upasthit)

adjective A formal/administrative word meaning 'present' (physically there, as at a roll call or meeting), and by extension 'occurring, arising' in a more literary sense.

Sense 1 : present (physically, at a place/event)

adjective

Synonyms: मौजूद (maujood)

Frequency: medium

Cultural Note: This is the word stamped on every Indian school and office attendance register -- teachers call रोल नंबर (rol nambar, roll number) and students answer उपस्थित (upasthit) instead of a plain 'yes' or 'here,' much like 'present, sir/ma'am' in English classrooms.

Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for मौजूद (maujood) in casual speech and उपस्थित (upasthit) in formal/written contexts (attendance registers, official reports, school circulars) -- both mean 'present,' but उपस्थित (upasthit) sounds stiffer if used in everyday conversation, like saying 'in attendance' instead of 'here.' 2) It pairs with होना (honaa) -- उपस्थित होना (upasthit honaa, to be present) -- not with रहना (rahnaa) or आना (aanaa) in the way learners might expect from English 'to attend.'

Sample Sentences:

आज कक्षा में सभी छात्र उपस्थित हैं। All the students are present in class today.

(aaj kakshaa men sabhii chhaatr upasthit hain।)

जब शिक्षक ने रोल नंबर पुकारा, तो उसने "उपस्थित" कहा। When the teacher called the roll number, he said "present."

(jab shikshak ne rol nambar pukaaraa, to usne "upasthit" kahaa।)

कल की बैठक में सभी अधिकारी उपस्थित रहेंगे। All the officers will be present at tomorrow's meeting.

(kal kii baithak men sabhii adhikaarii upasthit rahenge।)

कृपया समारोह में समय पर उपस्थित हों। Please be present at the ceremony on time.

(kripyaa samaaroh men samay par upasthit hon।)

अगर वह उपस्थित होता, तो हमें जवाब मिल जाता। If he had been present, we would have gotten an answer.

(agar vah upasthit hotaa, to hamen javaab mil jaataa।)

मुझे नहीं पता कि वह आज उपस्थित होगा या नहीं। I don't know whether he will be present today or not.

(mujhe nahiin pataa ki vah aaj upasthit hogaa yaa nahiin।)

शादी में सारे रिश्तेदार उपस्थित थे। All the relatives were present at the wedding.

(shaadii men saare rishtedaar upasthit the।)

अध्यक्ष चाहते हैं कि हर सदस्य बैठक में उपस्थित रहे। The chairman wants every member to remain present at the meeting.

(adhyaksh chaahte hain ki har sadasy baithak men upasthit rahe।)

परीक्षा के समय सभी परीक्षार्थियों को उपस्थित होना अनिवार्य है। It is mandatory for all examinees to be present at the time of the exam.

(pariikshaa ke samay sabhii pariikshaarthiyon ko upasthit honaa anivaary hai।)

मीटिंग में कुल दस लोग उपस्थित थे, बाकी छुट्टी पर थे। A total of ten people were present at the meeting, the rest were on leave.

(miiting men kul das log upasthit the, baakii chhuttii par the।)

Sense 2 : arisen, occurring (of a situation, problem, opportunity)

adjective Common in the phrase समस्या उपस्थित होना (samasyaa upasthit honaa, for a problem to arise), where उपस्थित (upasthit) extends the 'presence' idea from people to abstract situations.

Synonyms: पैदा (paidaa), उत्पन्न (utpann, more literary)

Frequency: low

Cultural Note: You will meet this sense most often in news reports or government documents -- 'ऐसी स्थिति उपस्थित हो गई' (aisii sthiti upasthit ho gaii, 'such a situation has arisen') is classic officialese, the kind of line that shows up in a memo rather than a conversation.

Common Mistakes: 1) This sense is confined to formal, written, or bureaucratic Hindi (reports, news, official notices) -- using it in casual talk about a problem 'coming up' sounds bookish; स्थिति आ गई (sthiti aa gaii, the situation has come about) is what most people would actually say out loud.

Sample Sentences:

ऐसी स्थिति उपस्थित हो गई कि अधिकारियों को तुरंत बैठक बुलानी पड़ी। Such a situation arose that the officials had to immediately call a meeting.

(aisii sthiti upasthit ho gaii ki adhikaariyon ko turant baithak bulaanii padii।)

यदि भविष्य में कोई कठिनाई उपस्थित होती है, तो कृपया कार्यालय को सूचित करें। If any difficulty arises in the future, please inform the office.

(yadi bhavishy men koii kathinaaii upasthit hotii hai, to kripyaa kaaryaalay ko soochit karen।)

समिति के सामने एक नई समस्या उपस्थित हुई है। A new problem has arisen before the committee.

(samiti ke saamne ek naii samasyaa upasthit huii hai।)

इस अवसर के उपस्थित होने पर विभाग को तत्काल निर्णय लेना होगा। When this opportunity arises, the department will have to make an immediate decision.

(is avsar ke upasthit hone par vibhaag ko tatkaal nirnay lenaa hogaa।)

यदि यह प्रश्न पहले उपस्थित होता, तो नीति में संशोधन कर दिया जाता। If this question had arisen earlier, the policy would have been amended.

(yadi yah prashn pahle upasthit hotaa, to niiti men sanshodhan kar diyaa jaataa।)

प्रशासन के सामने विदेशी मुद्रा की कमी की समस्या उपस्थित हो रही है। The problem of a shortage of foreign currency is arising before the administration.

(prashaasan ke saamne videshii mudraa kii kamii kii samasyaa upasthit ho rahii hai।)

रिपोर्ट में कहा गया है कि इस तरह की परिस्थितियाँ बार-बार उपस्थित होती रही हैं। The report states that such circumstances have repeatedly kept arising.

(riport men kahaa gayaa hai ki is tarah kii paristhitiyaan baar-baar upasthit hotii rahii hain।)

यह अवसर कभी-कभी ही उपस्थित होता है, इसलिए इसका लाभ उठाना चाहिए। This opportunity arises only rarely, so one should take advantage of it.

(yah avsar kabhii-kabhii hii upasthit hotaa hai, islie iskaa laabh uthaanaa chaahie।)

Morphology

Adjective (invariant)

invariant: उपस्थित (upasthit)