खट्टा (khattaa)

adjective The everyday word for 'sour/tangy' taste, with a common figurative extension to soured relationships or moods -- as in the idiom मन खट्टा होना (man khattaa honaa, 'to feel put off/disheartened').
Sense 1 : sour, tangy (taste)
adjective
Synonyms: खट्टा-मीठा (khattaa-miithaa, sweet-and-sour combination), तुर्श (tursh, literary)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Ask any Delhi kid about खट्टा-मीठा (khattaa-miithaa) and they will immediately think of imli chutney or the tangy-sweet golgappa water -- this flavor pairing is practically a national obsession, showing up in chaat, achaar, and candy alike.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often forget this adjective inflects fully (खट्टा/खट्टे/खट्टी) to agree with the noun it describes -- खट्टी इमली (khattii imlii, 'sour tamarind') not खट्टा इमली. 2) खट्टा (khattaa) covers both a pleasant tang (like in chaat or curd) and an unpleasantly sour taste (like spoiled milk) -- context, not the word itself, tells you which.
Sample Sentences:
यह इमली बहुत खट्टी है। This tamarind is very sour.
(yah imlii bahut khattii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मुझे खट्टा-मीठा चटपटा खाना बहुत पसंद है। I really love sweet-and-sour, tangy food.
(mujhe khattaa-miithaa chataptaa khaanaa bahut pasand hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
गोलगप्पे का पानी थोड़ा खट्टा होना चाहिए, वरना मज़ा नहीं आता। Golgappa water should be a bit sour, otherwise it's no fun.
(golgappe kaa paanii thodaa khattaa honaa chaahie, varnaa mazaa nahiin aataa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम इसमें और नींबू डाल दोगे, तो यह और खट्टा हो जाएगा। If you add more lemon to this, it will become even more sour.
(agar tum ismen aur niimboo daal doge, to yah aur khattaa ho jaaegaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
कच्चा आम इतना खट्टा था कि मेरे दांत सिहर गए। The raw mango was so sour that my teeth went on edge.
(kachchaa aam itnaa khattaa thaa ki mere daant sihar gae।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अचार में खट्टा तेल ही तो असली स्वाद देता है। It's the sour oil in the pickle that really gives it its true taste.
(achaar men khattaa tel hii to aslii svaad detaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या यह चटनी खट्टी है या मीठी? Is this chutney sour or sweet?
(kyaa yah chatnii khattii hai yaa miithii?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
थोड़ा खट्टा दही डाल दो, रायता बढ़िया बनेगा। Add a little sour yogurt, the raita will turn out great.
(thodaa khattaa dahii daal do, raaytaa badhiyaa banegaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर यह इमली खट्टी न होती, तो इस चटनी का कोई मज़ा न होता। If this tamarind weren't sour, this chutney would have no fun to it at all.
(agar yah imlii khattii n hotii, to is chatnii kaa koii mazaa n hotaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
संतरे की यह किस्म बाकियों से ज़्यादा खट्टी होती है। This variety of orange is more sour than the others.
(santre kii yah kism baakiyon se zyaadaa khattii hotii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
खट्टे फलों में विटामिन सी की मात्रा अधिक पाई जाती है। A higher amount of vitamin C is found in sour fruits.
(khatte phalon men vitaamin sii kii maatraa adhik paaii jaatii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
Sense 2 : soured, spoiled (of milk/food, or figuratively of mood/relations)
adjective Common in the fixed phrase मन खट्टा होना (man khattaa honaa, 'for the heart/mood to sour') and दूध का खट्टा होना (doodh kaa khattaa honaa, 'for milk to turn').
Synonyms: बिगड़ा (bigdaa, of relations/mood), खराब (kharaab, general 'spoiled')
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This figurative sense captures how Hindi often reaches for food imagery to describe feelings -- much like English 'sour grapes,' but here it is your own मन (man, 'heart/mind') that turns खट्टा (khattaa) when something disappoints you.
Common Mistakes: 1) मन खट्टा हो गया (man khattaa ho gayaa, 'I got disheartened/put off') is an idiom -- learners sometimes translate it too literally as being about taste rather than mood.
Sample Sentences:
बारिश की वजह से पूरा दिन खराब हो गया और मेरा मन खट्टा हो गया। Because of the rain the whole day was ruined, and my mood soured.
(baarish kii vajah se pooraa din kharaab ho gayaa aur meraa man khattaa ho gayaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
दूध फ्रिज में रखे बिना खट्टा हो जाता है। Milk goes sour if it isn't kept in the fridge.
(doodh phrij men rakhe binaa khattaa ho jaataa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसकी बेरुखी से मेरे और उसके रिश्ते खट्टे हो गए हैं। Because of his coldness, our relationship has turned sour.
(uskii berukhii se mere aur uske rishte khatte ho gae hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
दही को ज़्यादा देर बाहर मत रखो, वरना खट्टा हो जाएगा। Don't leave the yogurt out too long, or it will go sour.
(dahii ko zyaadaa der baahar mat rakho, varnaa khattaa ho jaaegaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
अगर वह माफी माँग लेता तो हमारे बीच मन इतना खट्टा न होता। If he had apologized, things wouldn't have gone so sour between us.
(agar vah maaphii maang letaa to hamaare biich man itnaa khattaa n hotaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
इस बासी सब्ज़ी को फेंक दो, यह खट्टी पड़ गई है। Throw out this stale vegetable dish, it's gone sour.
(is baasii sabzii ko phenk do, yah khattii pad gaii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
छोटी सी बात पर झगड़ने से दोनों परिवारों के संबंध खट्टे हो गए। Quarreling over a small matter soured the relations between the two families.
(chhotii sii baat par jhagadne se donon parivaaron ke sambandh khatte ho gae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जब से पैसों का झगड़ा हुआ है, दोनों भाइयों के बीच सब कुछ खट्टा हो चुका है। Ever since the money dispute happened, everything between the two brothers has already gone sour.
(jab se paison kaa jhagdaa huaa hai, donon bhaaiyon ke biich sab kuchh khattaa ho chukaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या हो सकता है कि इतनी गर्मी में दूध खट्टा हो जाए? Isn't it possible that the milk might go sour in such heat?
(kyaa ho saktaa hai ki itnii garmii men doodh khattaa ho jaae?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
उस एक अपमान से उनके वर्षों पुराने दोस्ती का स्वाद खट्टा पड़ गया। That single insult soured the flavor of their years-old friendship.
(us ek apmaan se unke varshon puraane dostii kaa svaad khattaa pad gayaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Adjective (variable)
(sg.m): खट्टा (khattaa)
(pl.m): खट्टे (khatte)
(sg.f): खट्टी (khattii)
(pl.f): खट्टी (khattii)