बदमाश (badmaash)

adjective/noun A common everyday word covering both a serious sense (crook, scoundrel, habitual troublemaker) and a much softer, affectionate sense (naughty, mischievous, cheeky), especially with kids. Also used as a noun for the person and as an adjective describing behavior.
Sense 1 : naughty, mischievous
adjective
Synonyms: शरारती (sharaartii), नटखट (natkhat)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Ask any parent in Delhi about their toddler and you will likely hear बदमाश (badmaash) said with pure love -- 'ये बहुत बदमाश है' (ye bahut badmaash hai, 'this one is very naughty') is practically a badge of honor for a lively kid. The same word said about a stranger in a market, though, carries real suspicion.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often assume बदमाश (badmaash) is always an insult, but with children or close friends it is frequently said with a smile and affection, similar to calling someone a 'little rascal' in English. 2) Tone and context (smiling face, indulgent voice) matter more than the dictionary meaning in deciding whether it is teasing or truly critical.
Sample Sentences:
मेरा बेटा बहुत बदमाश है। My son is very naughty.
(meraa betaa bahut badmaash hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
ये बच्चे बहुत बदमाश हैं, पूरे घर में उधम मचाते रहते हैं। These kids are very naughty, they keep creating a ruckus all over the house.
(ye bachche bahut badmaash hain, poore ghar men udham machaate rahte hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
कल वो इतना बदमाश हो गया था कि सबका सिर घूम गया। Yesterday he got so naughty that everyone's head was spinning.
(kal vo itnaa badmaash ho gayaa thaa ki sabkaa sir ghoom gayaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अरे बदमाश, इधर आ तो! Hey you naughty little thing, come here!
(are badmaash, idhar aa to!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर वो थोड़ा भी बदमाश न होता तो जिंदगी में मज़ा ही न रहता। If he weren't even a little naughty, life would have no fun left in it at all.
(agar vo thodaa bhii badmaash n hotaa to jindgii men mazaa hii n rahtaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
स्कूल में मेरी बेटी को सब बदमाश बुलाते हैं, पर टीचर उससे बहुत प्यार करती है। Everyone calls my daughter naughty at school, but the teacher loves her a lot.
(skool men merii betii ko sab badmaash bulaate hain, par tiichar usse bahut pyaar kartii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
इतना बदमाश मत बनो, थोड़ा शांत बैठो। Don't be so naughty, sit still for a bit.
(itnaa badmaash mat bano, thodaa shaant baitho।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
उम्मीद है कि यह बच्चा बड़ा होकर इतना बदमाश न रहे। I hope this child doesn't stay this naughty when he grows up.
(ummiid hai ki yah bachchaa badaa hokar itnaa badmaash n rahe।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
आपका बच्चा जितना बदमाश है, उतना ही प्यारा भी है। Your child is as naughty as he is adorable.
(aapkaa bachchaa jitnaa badmaash hai, utnaa hii pyaaraa bhii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्लास में सबसे बदमाश बच्चा टीचर के आगे एकदम शांत बन जाता है। The naughtiest kid in class becomes totally quiet in front of the teacher.
(klaas men sabse badmaash bachchaa tiichar ke aage ekdam shaant ban jaataa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बचपन में मैं भी बहुत बदमाश हुआ करता था। In my childhood, I too used to be very naughty.
(bachpan men main bhii bahut badmaash huaa kartaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : a crook, scoundrel, or hoodlum
noun, masculine/feminine
Synonyms: गुंडा (gundaa), शरारती (sharaartii, mild, means merely mischievous), दुष्ट (dusht, stronger, implies wickedness)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word you will hear in a local news report about a neighborhood troublemaker, or in a Bollywood dialogue when a hero warns off a villain's henchmen -- it sits comfortably between 'rogue' and 'goon' in tone.
Common Mistakes: 1) In this sense बदमाश (badmaash) is stronger than 'naughty' and implies actual bad character or petty criminality -- context (calling the police, describing a news story) signals this serious reading rather than the affectionate one.
Sample Sentences:
वो आदमी बहुत बड़ा बदमाश है। That man is a real scoundrel.
(vo aadmii bahut badaa badmaash hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पुलिस ने कल रात दो बदमाशों को पकड़ा। The police caught two crooks last night.
(pulis ne kal raat do badmaashon ko pakdaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
इस मोहल्ले में बदमाशों का आना-जाना लगा रहता है। Scoundrels are always coming and going in this neighborhood.
(is mohalle men badmaashon kaa aanaa-jaanaa lagaa rahtaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अरे बदमाश, यहाँ से निकल जा! Hey scoundrel, get out of here!
(are badmaash, yahaan se nikal jaa!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
फिल्म का हीरो उन बदमाशों को धमका रहा था। The movie's hero was threatening those goons.
(philm kaa hiiro un badmaashon ko dhamkaa rahaa thaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
खबरों में बताया गया कि इलाके का एक बदमाश गिरफ्तार किया गया। It was reported in the news that a local hoodlum was arrested.
(khabron men bataayaa gayaa ki ilaake kaa ek badmaash giraphtaar kiyaa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
अगर वो सच में बदमाश होता, तो अब तक जेल में होता। If he really were a scoundrel, he would have been in jail by now.
(agar vo sach men badmaash hotaa, to ab tak jel men hotaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
हो सकता है वो बदमाश निकले, इसलिए सावधान रहना। He might turn out to be a crook, so stay careful.
(ho saktaa hai vo badmaash nikle, islie saavdhaan rahnaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
शहर के सबसे बड़े बदमाश को आज कोर्ट में पेश किया जाएगा। The city's biggest crook will be presented in court today.
(shahar ke sabse bade badmaash ko aaj kort men pesh kiyaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
बदमाशों की एक टोली रात को गली में घूम रही थी। A gang of goons was roaming the street at night.
(badmaashon kii ek tolii raat ko galii men ghoom rahii thii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उस बदमाश ने दुकानदार से जबरन पैसे वसूले। That hoodlum extorted money from the shopkeeper by force.
(us badmaash ne dukaandaar se jabran paise vasoole।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Adjective (invariant)
invariant: बदमाश (badmaash)
Noun
(sg.m/f.direct): बदमाश (badmaash)
(sg.m/f.oblique): बदमाश (badmaash)
(pl.m/f.direct): बदमाशें (badmaashen)
(pl.m/f.oblique): बदमाशों (badmaashon)