हैरान (hairaan)
adjective
A single-sense adjective meaning 'surprised, astonished, bewildered' -- covers everything from mild surprise to being flustered or perplexed.
Sense
1
:
surprised, astonished, bewildered
adjective Almost always used with होना (honaa) or करना (karnaa) -- हैरान होना (hairaan honaa) 'to be/become surprised' (intransitive experience) versus हैरान करना (hairaan karnaa) 'to surprise/trouble someone' (causing the state in someone else).
Synonyms: आश्चर्यचकित (aashcharyachkit, formal), अचंभित (achambhit, literary), चकित (chakit, literary), हक्का-बक्का (hakkaa-bakkaa, colloquial, 'utterly dumbfounded')
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You'll hear हैरान (hairaan) constantly paired with परेशान (pareshaan) in the set phrase हैरान-परेशान (hairaan-pareshaan), used almost like a single word meaning 'frazzled and bewildered' -- someone juggling a broken AC, a demanding boss, and a stuck auto-rickshaw in Delhi traffic is the very picture of हैरान-परेशान (hairaan-pareshaan).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for चौंकना (chaunknaa) when they mean हैरान (hairaan): चौंकना (chaunknaa) is the sudden physical startle-reaction (like jumping at a loud noise), while हैरान होना (hairaan honaa) is the more lingering mental state of being puzzled or astonished -- the two overlap but aren't interchangeable. 2) हैरान (hairaan) can drift toward meaning 'troubled, harassed, worn out' in everyday complaints (मैं हैरान हूँ (main hairaan hoon, 'I'm at my wits' end') said about a nagging problem, not just genuine surprise) -- learners who only know 'surprised' miss this shade.
Sample Sentences:
मैं यह सुनकर हैरान हूँ।
I am surprised to hear this.
(main yah sunkar hairaan hoon।)
वह उसका जवाब सुनकर हैरान हो गई।
She was surprised to hear his answer.
(vah uskaa javaab sunkar hairaan ho gaii।)
यह खबर सुनकर तुम हैरान हो जाओगे।
You will be surprised to hear this news.
(yah khabar sunkar tum hairaan ho jaaoge।)
वह हर छोटी बात पर हैरान हो जाता है।
He gets surprised over every little thing.
(vah har chhotii baat par hairaan ho jaataa hai।)
मत हैरान हो, यह तो होना ही था।
Don't be surprised, this was bound to happen.
(mat hairaan ho, yah to honaa hii thaa।)
अगर उसे सच पता चलता तो वह हैरान रह जाता।
If he had found out the truth, he would have been left stunned.
(agar use sach pataa chaltaa to vah hairaan rah jaataa।)
पूरे दिन के झमेलों के बाद वह हैरान-परेशान घर पहुँची।
After the whole day's hassles, she reached home frazzled and bewildered.
(poore din ke jhamelon ke baad vah hairaan-pareshaan ghar pahunchii।)
ट्रैफिक में फँसकर और गर्मी में एसी खराब होने से वह बिल्कुल हैरान-परेशान हो गया।
Stuck in traffic with the AC broken in this heat, he became completely frazzled and bewildered.
(traiphik men phanskar aur garmii men esii kharaab hone se vah bilkul hairaan-pareshaan ho gayaa।)
क्या तुम इस नतीजे से हैरान नहीं हो?
Aren't you surprised by this result?
(kyaa tum is natiije se hairaan nahiin ho?)
यह देखकर सब हैरान रह गए कि उसने इतनी जल्दी काम पूरा कर लिया।
Everyone was left astonished to see that he finished the work so quickly.
(yah dekhkar sab hairaan rah gae ki usne itnii jaldii kaam pooraa kar liyaa।)
उसकी बातों से लग रहा था कि वह भीतर से हैरान है, हालाँकि चेहरे पर कुछ जाहिर नहीं कर रही थी।
From her words it seemed she was inwardly astonished, though she was showing nothing on her face.
(uskii baaton se lag rahaa thaa ki vah bhiitar se hairaan hai, haalaanki chehre par kuchh jaahir nahiin kar rahii thii।)
Morphology
Adjective (invariant)
invariant:
हैरान
(hairaan)