कूदना (koodnaa)

verb A single core meaning: to jump or leap; also extends to a common idiom about jumping into trouble or a risky venture.
Sense 1 : to jump, leap, hop
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: उछलना (uchhalnaa, more of a bounce/spring), फांदना (phaandnaa, to jump over/leap across an obstacle)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Picture kids jumping into a village pond or off a diving board at a public pool -- तालाब में कूदना (taalaab men koodnaa) is the classic image Hindi speakers reach for. The verb is purely physical here; the figurative 'jumping into a risky situation' sense (covered separately) grew out of this same picture of leaping without looking.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes reach for उछलना (uchhalnaa) when कूदना (koodnaa) is meant -- कूदना (koodnaa) is the general verb for jumping (off a wall, into water, over something), while उछलना (uchhalnaa) suggests bouncing or springing up, often involuntarily (like a ball or one's heart). 2) With 'jumping over' something specific, learners often forget the postposition and say कूदना दीवार (koodnaa diivaar) instead of दीवार से कूदना (diivaar se koodnaa) or दीवार पर से कूदना (diivaar par se koodnaa).
Sample Sentences:
बच्चे तालाब में कूद रहे हैं। The kids are jumping into the pond.
(bachche taalaab men kood rahe hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वह रोज़ छत से नीचे कूदता है। He jumps down from the roof every day.
(vah roz chhat se niiche koodtaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पिछली गर्मियों में हम सब झील में कूदे थे। Last summer, all of us jumped into the lake.
(pichhlii garmiyon men ham sab jhiil men koode the।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
कूदो मत, फिसलन है! Don't jump, it's slippery!
(koodo mat, phislan hai!)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर मुझे तैरना आता, तो मैं भी पानी में कूद जाता। If I knew how to swim, I would have jumped into the water too.
(agar mujhe tairnaa aataa, to main bhii paanii men kood jaataa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
खिलाड़ी ऊँची कुर्सी से मैदान में कूदेगा। The player will jump from the high chair into the field.
(khilaadii oonchii kursii se maidaan men koodegaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
बच्चा बिस्तर पर उछल-कूद रहा था और फिर ज़मीन पर कूद गया। The child was jumping around on the bed and then leapt onto the ground.
(bachchaa bistar par uchhal-kood rahaa thaa aur phir zamiin par kood gayaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम इस दीवार के ऊपर से कूद सकते हो? Can you jump over this wall?
(kyaa tum is diivaar ke oopar se kood sakte ho?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
काश मैं इतनी ऊँची छलांग लगाकर कूद पाता। I wish I could jump such a high leap.
(kaash main itnii oonchii chhalaang lagaakar kood paataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
डाइविंग बोर्ड से कूदने से पहले उसने गहरी सांस ली। Before jumping off the diving board, he took a deep breath.
(daaiving bord se koodne se pahle usne gahrii saans lii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
पूल में कूदते समय ध्यान रखना कि गहराई कितनी है। While jumping into the pool, be mindful of how deep it is.
(pool men koodte samay dhyaan rakhnaa ki gahraaii kitnii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Imperative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : to rashly get involved in something risky
verb, intransitive Usually appears as कूद पड़ना (kood padnaa) with पड़ना (padnaa) adding a sense of suddenness, or as आँख मूंदकर कूदना (aankh moondkar koodnaa, to jump in blindly) in cautionary speech.
Synonyms: उलझना (ulajhnaa, to get entangled, slightly different shade), फँसना (phansnaa, to get stuck/trapped, downstream result rather than the act of jumping in)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: A father warning his son about a shaky business scheme might say बिना सोचे-समझे मत कूदो (binaa soche-samjhe mat koodo, don't jump in without thinking) -- the same leap that takes you into a pool takes you into trouble if you don't look first.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often use this only literally and miss that कूद पड़ना (kood padnaa) is the go-to idiom for 'jumping into' a business deal, fight, or controversy without thinking it through -- it is not just about physical jumping.
Sample Sentences:
बिना सोचे-समझे मत कूदो, पहले पूरी बात जान लो। Don't jump in without thinking, first find out the whole story.
(binaa soche-samjhe mat koodo, pahle poorii baat jaan lo।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
वह बिना सोचे-समझे हर नए धंधे में कूद पड़ता है। He jumps into every new venture without thinking.
(vah binaa soche-samjhe har nae dhandhe men kood padtaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मैं शेयर बाज़ार में बिना जाने-समझे कूद गया और बहुत नुकसान हुआ। I plunged into the stock market without understanding it, and I suffered heavy losses.
(main sheyar baazaar men binaa jaane-samjhe kood gayaa aur bahut nuksaan huaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम इस झगड़े में कूदोगे, तो खुद फँस जाओगे। If you jump into this quarrel, you'll get stuck in it yourself.
(agar tum is jhagde men koodoge, to khud phans jaaoge।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
काश वह बिना सोचे उस साझेदारी में न कूदता। If only he hadn't jumped into that partnership without thinking.
(kaash vah binaa soche us saajhedaarii men n koodtaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
पापा हमेशा कहते हैं कि किसी भी काम में आँख मूँदकर मत कूदो। Dad always says don't jump blindly into any venture.
(paapaa hameshaa kahte hain ki kisii bhii kaam men aankh moondkar mat koodo।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
निवेशकों को चाहिए कि वे जल्दबाज़ी में किसी योजना में न कूदें। Investors should not hastily plunge into any scheme.
(niveshkon ko chaahie ki ve jaldbaazii men kisii yojnaa men n kooden।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
कंपनी बिना ठोस योजना के नए बाज़ार में कूद पड़ी और डूब गई। The company plunged into the new market without a solid plan and went under.
(kampnii binaa thos yojnaa ke nae baazaar men kood padii aur doob gaii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उतावलेपन में किसी विवाद में कूद जाना अक्सर महँगा साबित होता है। Rashly jumping into a dispute often proves costly.
(utaavlepan men kisii vivaad men kood jaanaa aksar mahangaa saabit hotaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Verb
infinitive: कूदना (koodnaa)
infinitive oblique: कूदने (koodne)
habitual/simple (sg.m): कूदता (koodtaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m): कूदते (koodte)
habitual/simple (sg.f): कूदती (koodtii)
habitual/simple (pl.f): कूदतीं (koodtiin)
continuous (sg.m): कूद रहा (kood rahaa)
continuous (pl.m): कूद रहे (kood rahe)
continuous (sg.f): कूद रही (kood rahii)
continuous (pl.f): कूद रहीं (kood rahiin)
perfective (sg.m): कूदा (koodaa)
perfective (pl.m): कूदे (koode)
perfective (sg.f): कूदी (koodii)
perfective (pl.f): कूदीं (koodiin)
imperative (informal): कूद (kood)
imperative (neutral): कूदो (koodo)
imperative (formal): कूदिए (koodie)
future (1sg.m): कूदूँगा (koodoongaa)
future (1sg.f): कूदूँगी (koodoongii)
future (1pl.m): कूदेंगे (koodenge)
future (1pl.f): कूदेंगी (koodengii)
future (2sg.m): कूदेगा (koodegaa)
future (2sg.f): कूदेगी (koodegii)
future (2pl.m): कूदोगे (koodoge)
future (2pl.f): कूदोगी (koodogii)
future (3sg.m): कूदेगा (koodegaa)
future (3sg.f): कूदेगी (koodegii)
future (3pl.m): कूदेंगे (koodenge)
future (3pl.f): कूदेंगी (koodengii)
subjunctive (1sg): कूदूँ (koodoon)
subjunctive (1pl): कूदें (kooden)
subjunctive (2sg): कूदे (koode)
subjunctive (2pl): कूदो (koodo)
subjunctive (3sg): कूदे (koode)
subjunctive (3pl): कूदें (kooden)