लुढ़कना (ludhaknaa)
verb
An intransitive verb meaning 'to roll' or 'to topple over' -- used for objects rolling on a surface as well as for a person tumbling or collapsing. It also has a common figurative sense of flopping down/sprawling out from tiredness.
Sense
1
:
to roll (of an object)
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: गड़गड़ाना (gadagdaanaa, rare, used more for rolling sound), घूमना (ghoomnaa, meaning scope: general turning/rotating, not specifically rolling)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Picture a ball, a coin, or a fruit rolling off a table -- सेब मेज़ से लुढ़क गया (seb mez se ludhak gayaa, 'the apple rolled off the table') is the classic mental image for this word. Its causative partner लुढ़काना (ludhkaanaa) is what you'd use if someone actively rolls the object.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes confuse this with घुमाना (ghumaanaa) or लुढ़काना (ludhkaanaa) -- the causative 'to roll (something)' -- लुढ़कना (ludhaknaa) itself is intransitive and describes the object doing the rolling on its own, e.g. गेंद लुढ़क गई (gend ludhak gaii, 'the ball rolled away').
Sample Sentences:
सेब मेज़ से लुढ़क गया।
The apple rolled off the table.
(seb mez se ludhak gayaa।)
गेंद सीढ़ियों से लुढ़कती हुई नीचे आई।
The ball came rolling down the stairs.
(gend siidhiyon se ludhaktii huii niiche aaii।)
सिक्का लुढ़कता हुआ बिस्तर के नीचे चला गया।
The coin rolled and went under the bed.
(sikkaa ludhaktaa huaa bistar ke niiche chalaa gayaa।)
ढलान पर पत्थर लुढ़क रहा है।
The stone is rolling down the slope.
(dhalaan par patthar ludhak rahaa hai।)
अगर मेज़ थोड़ी और झुक जाए, तो प्याला लुढ़क जाएगा।
If the table tilts a little more, the cup will roll off.
(agar mez thodii aur jhuk jaae, to pyaalaa ludhak jaaegaa।)
गोल चीज़ें आसानी से लुढ़क जाती हैं।
Round things roll easily.
(gol chiizen aasaanii se ludhak jaatii hain।)
अगर संतुलन बिगड़ता, तो बर्तन लुढ़क जाता।
If the balance had gone off, the vessel would have rolled over.
(agar santulan bigadtaa, to bartan ludhak jaataa।)
देखो, तरबूज़ ट्रक से लुढ़ककर सड़क पर आ गया।
Look, the watermelon rolled off the truck and onto the road.
(dekho, tarbooz trak se ludhakkar sadak par aa gayaa।)
पहाड़ी से बड़े-बड़े पत्थर लुढ़कते हैं और नीचे नदी में गिरते हैं।
Huge boulders roll down the hillside and fall into the river below.
(pahaadii se bade-bade patthar ludhakte hain aur niiche nadii men girte hain।)
क्या यह गोला अपने आप लुढ़क सकता है?
Can this ball roll by itself?
(kyaa yah golaa apne aap ludhak saktaa hai?)
बोतल मेज़ के किनारे तक लुढ़कते-लुढ़कते रुक गई।
The bottle rolled and rolled until it stopped at the edge of the table.
(botal mez ke kinaare tak ludhakte-ludhakte ruk gaii।)
Sense
2
:
to topple over, collapse (of a person)
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: गिरना (girnaa, more general 'to fall'), ढेर हो जाना (dher ho jaanaa, colloquial, 'to collapse in a heap')
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word for collapsing onto a bed or sofa after a long day -- थक कर बिस्तर पर लुढ़क गया (thak kar bistar par ludhak gayaa, 'exhausted, he flopped onto the bed') is a very natural, everyday image, almost affectionate in how it describes tiredness taking over the body.
Common Mistakes: 1) This sense often appears with पर (par) or में (men) marking where the person ends up, e.g. बिस्तर पर लुढ़क गया (bistar par ludhak gayaa, 'he flopped onto the bed') -- learners sometimes reach for गिरना (girnaa) here, but लुढ़कना (ludhaknaa) carries a softer, more informal 'flop/sprawl' feel rather than a hard fall.
Sample Sentences:
थक कर वह बिस्तर पर लुढ़क गया।
Exhausted, he flopped onto the bed.
(thak kar vah bistar par ludhak gayaa।)
पूरे दिन की मीटिंगों के बाद मैं सोफे पर लुढ़क जाती हूँ।
After a full day of meetings, I just collapse onto the sofa.
(poore din kii miitingon ke baad main sophe par ludhak jaatii hoon।)
वह अचानक कुर्सी से लुढ़क कर ज़मीन पर गिर गया।
He suddenly toppled off the chair and fell to the ground.
(vah achaanak kursii se ludhak kar zamiin par gir gayaa।)
इतनी शराब पीने के बाद वह ज़रूर लुढ़क जाएगा।
After drinking so much, he's definitely going to collapse.
(itnii sharaab piine ke baad vah zaroor ludhak jaaegaa।)
बुखार में वह बैठे-बैठे ही लुढ़क गई।
In her fever, she just toppled over while sitting.
(bukhaar men vah baithe-baithe hii ludhak gaii।)
थोड़ा आराम कर लो, वरना काम करते-करते लुढ़क जाओगे।
Take a bit of rest, or you'll collapse while working.
(thodaa aaraam kar lo, varnaa kaam karte-karte ludhak jaaoge।)
काश मैं भी यूँ बेफिक्र होकर सोफे पर लुढ़क पाता।
If only I too could just carelessly flop onto the sofa like that.
(kaash main bhii yoon bephikr hokar sophe par ludhak paataa।)
अगर उसे चक्कर न आता, तो वह सीढ़ियों पर न लुढ़कता।
If he hadn't gotten dizzy, he wouldn't have toppled over on the stairs.
(agar use chakkar n aataa, to vah siidhiyon par n ludhaktaa।)
दिन भर की भागदौड़ के बाद बच्चा बिस्तर पर लुढ़क कर सो गया।
After a whole day of running around, the child flopped onto the bed and fell asleep.
(din bhar kii bhaagdaud ke baad bachchaa bistar par ludhak kar so gayaa।)
थकान से वह मानो पत्ते की तरह लुढ़क कर गिर पड़ी।
From exhaustion, she toppled and fell as if like a leaf.
(thakaan se vah maano patte kii tarah ludhak kar gir padii।)
इतनी सीधी न बैठ, कहीं लुढ़क मत जाना।
Don't sit so upright, don't go toppling over.
(itnii siidhii n baith, kahiin ludhak mat jaanaa।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
लुढ़कना
(ludhaknaa)
infinitive oblique:
लुढ़कने
(ludhakne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
लुढ़कता
(ludhaktaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
लुढ़कते
(ludhakte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
लुढ़कती
(ludhaktii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
लुढ़कतीं
(ludhaktiin)
continuous (sg.m):
लुढ़क रहा
(ludhak rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
लुढ़क रहे
(ludhak rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
लुढ़क रही
(ludhak rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
लुढ़क रहीं
(ludhak rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
लुढ़का
(ludhkaa)
perfective (pl.m):
लुढ़के
(ludhke)
perfective (sg.f):
लुढ़की
(ludhkii)
perfective (pl.f):
लुढ़कीं
(ludhkiin)
imperative (informal):
लुढ़क
(ludhak)
imperative (neutral):
लुढ़को
(ludhko)
imperative (formal):
लुढ़किए
(ludhkie)
future (1sg.m):
लुढ़कूँगा
(ludhkoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
लुढ़कूँगी
(ludhkoongii)
future (1pl.m):
लुढ़केंगे
(ludhkenge)
future (1pl.f):
लुढ़केंगी
(ludhkengii)
future (2sg.m):
लुढ़केगा
(ludhkegaa)
future (2sg.f):
लुढ़केगी
(ludhkegii)
future (2pl.m):
लुढ़कोगे
(ludhkoge)
future (2pl.f):
लुढ़कोगी
(ludhkogii)
future (3sg.m):
लुढ़केगा
(ludhkegaa)
future (3sg.f):
लुढ़केगी
(ludhkegii)
future (3pl.m):
लुढ़केंगे
(ludhkenge)
future (3pl.f):
लुढ़केंगी
(ludhkengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
लुढ़कूँ
(ludhkoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
लुढ़कें
(ludhken)
subjunctive (2sg):
लुढ़के
(ludhke)
subjunctive (2pl):
लुढ़को
(ludhko)
subjunctive (3sg):
लुढ़के
(ludhke)
subjunctive (3pl):
लुढ़कें
(ludhken)