उगाना (ugaanaa)
verb
A causative verb meaning 'to grow/cultivate (something)' -- one core sense, used for plants, crops, and by extension hair, teeth, etc.
Sense
1
:
to grow, cultivate (plants, crops)
verb, transitive This is the causative of उगना (ugnaa, 'to sprout/grow' -- intransitive): उगाना (ugaanaa) means to make something grow, i.e. to cultivate it. The grower takes ने (ne) in the perfective, and the thing grown is the direct object: किसान ने गेहूं उगाया (kisaan ne gehoon ugaayaa, 'the farmer grew wheat').
Synonyms: उपजाना (upjaanaa, crops/produce specifically), पैदा करना (paidaa karnaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This verb comes up constantly in conversations about kitchen gardens and farming -- a very common thing for a Delhi-NCR family to say proudly is हम गमले में सब्ज़ियां उगाते हैं (ham gamle men sabziyaan ugaate hain, 'we grow vegetables in pots'), reflecting how many urban households keep a small balcony garden. It pairs naturally with उगना (ugnaa) as the intransitive counterpart -- think of उगना (ugnaa) as what the sun or a seed does on its own, and उगाना (ugaanaa) as what a person does to help it happen.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes use उगाना (ugaanaa) when they mean उगना (ugnaa) -- e.g. saying 'the plant grew' with उगाना (ugaanaa) instead of उगना (ugnaa); remember उगाना (ugaanaa) needs an agent who does the growing (a farmer, a gardener), while उगना (ugnaa) is what the plant itself does on its own. 2) By extension, उगाना (ugaanaa) is also used for hair, nails, a mustache, etc. -- दाढ़ी उगाना (daadhii ugaanaa, 'to grow a beard') -- which can feel like an odd extension to English speakers used to 'grow' working the same way for plants and body hair.
Sample Sentences:
हम गमले में सब्ज़ियां उगाते हैं।
We grow vegetables in pots.
(ham gamle men sabziyaan ugaate hain।)
मेरी नानी अपने बगीचे में तुलसी उगाती थीं।
My grandmother used to grow basil in her garden.
(merii naanii apne bagiiche men tulsii ugaatii thiin।)
इस साल किसानों ने गेहूं की बजाय सरसों उगाई है।
This year the farmers have grown mustard instead of wheat.
(is saal kisaanon ne gehoon kii bajaay sarson ugaaii hai।)
अगर बारिश सही समय पर हो, तो हम धान भी उगा सकते हैं।
If the rain comes at the right time, we can grow paddy too.
(agar baarish sahii samay par ho, to ham dhaan bhii ugaa sakte hain।)
अपनी बालकनी में थोड़े धनिया-मिर्च उगा लो, बाज़ार जाने की ज़रूरत नहीं पड़ेगी।
Grow a little coriander and chili on your balcony, you won't need to go to the market.
(apnii baalaknii men thode dhaniyaa-mirch ugaa lo, baazaar jaane kii zaroorat nahiin padegii।)
यह ज़मीन इतनी बंजर है कि यहां कुछ भी उगाना मुश्किल है।
This land is so barren that it's difficult to grow anything here.
(yah zamiin itnii banjar hai ki yahaan kuchh bhii ugaanaa mushkil hai।)
अगली गर्मियों में हम छत पर टमाटर उगाएंगे।
Next summer we will grow tomatoes on the roof.
(aglii garmiyon men ham chhat par tamaatar ugaaenge।)
काश हमारे पास इतनी जमीन होती कि हम अपना अनाज खुद उगा पाते।
If only we had enough land that we could grow our own grain ourselves.
(kaash hamaare paas itnii jamiin hotii ki ham apnaa anaaj khud ugaa paate।)
सरकार की नई योजना के तहत जैविक फल-सब्ज़ियां उगाई जा रही हैं।
Under the government's new scheme, organic fruits and vegetables are being grown.
(sarkaar kii naii yojnaa ke tahat jaivik phal-sabziyaan ugaaii jaa rahii hain।)
पंजाब में परंपरागत रूप से गेहूं और गन्ना उगाया जाता है।
Wheat and sugarcane are traditionally grown in Punjab.
(panjaab men parampraagat roop se gehoon aur gannaa ugaayaa jaataa hai।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
उगाना
(ugaanaa)
infinitive oblique:
उगाने
(ugaane)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
उगाता
(ugaataa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
उगाते
(ugaate)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
उगाती
(ugaatii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
उगातीं
(ugaatiin)
continuous (sg.m):
उगा रहा
(ugaa rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
उगा रहे
(ugaa rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
उगा रही
(ugaa rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
उगा रहीं
(ugaa rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
उगाया
(ugaayaa)
perfective (pl.m):
उगाए
(ugaae)
perfective (sg.f):
उगाई
(ugaaii)
perfective (pl.f):
उगाईं
(ugaaiin)
imperative (informal):
उगा
(ugaa)
imperative (neutral):
उगाओ
(ugaao)
imperative (formal):
उगाइए
(ugaaie)
future (1sg.m):
उगाऊँगा
(ugaaoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
उगाऊँगी
(ugaaoongii)
future (1pl.m):
उगाएँगे
(ugaaenge)
future (1pl.f):
उगाएँगी
(ugaaengii)
future (2sg.m):
उगाएगा
(ugaaegaa)
future (2sg.f):
उगाएगी
(ugaaegii)
future (2pl.m):
उगाओगे
(ugaaoge)
future (2pl.f):
उगाओगी
(ugaaogii)
future (3sg.m):
उगाएगा
(ugaaegaa)
future (3sg.f):
उगाएगी
(ugaaegii)
future (3pl.m):
उगाएँगे
(ugaaenge)
future (3pl.f):
उगाएँगी
(ugaaengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
उगाऊँ
(ugaaoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
उगाएँ
(ugaaen)
subjunctive (2sg):
उगाए
(ugaae)
subjunctive (2pl):
उगाओ
(ugaao)
subjunctive (3sg):
उगाए
(ugaae)
subjunctive (3pl):
उगाएँ
(ugaaen)