उतरना (utarnaa)
verb
An intransitive verb built around the idea of 'coming down' -- physically descending, disembarking, and by extension fading, wearing off, or being resolved. Its causative partner उतारना (utaarnaa) means 'to take down / bring down' and is a separate lemma.
Sense
1
:
to descend, get down/off
verb, intransitive Takes से (se) for the place descended from: बस से उतरना (bas se utarnaa, 'to get off the bus').
Synonyms: नीचे आना (niiche aanaa)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the everyday word for getting off a bus, auto, or train -- you will hear conductors shout अगला स्टॉप, उतर जाओ (aglaa stop, utar jaao, 'next stop, get off') across Delhi buses. It also describes getting off a horse, elephant, or even a high perch, keeping the physical sense of 'coming down' at its core.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes reach for नीचे जाना (niiche jaanaa) when getting off a vehicle, but उतरना (utarnaa) is the natural verb for disembarking from a bus, train, plane, or horse. 2) The place you get down from is marked with से (se), not से पहले (se pahle) or किनारे (kinaare) -- सीढ़ी से उतरना (siidhii se utarnaa, 'to come down the stairs'), not सीढ़ी में।
Sample Sentences:
अगला स्टॉप आने वाला है, उतर जाओ।
The next stop is coming, get off.
(aglaa stop aane vaalaa hai, utar jaao।)
वह बस से उतरा और सीधे घर की तरफ चल दिया।
He got off the bus and walked straight home.
(vah bas se utraa aur siidhe ghar kii taraph chal diyaa।)
मैं रोज़ इसी स्टेशन पर उतरता हूँ।
I get off at this same station every day.
(main roz isii steshan par utartaa hoon।)
वह घोड़े से उतर रहा है।
He is getting down from the horse.
(vah ghode se utar rahaa hai।)
कृपया दरवाज़ा खुलने तक न उतरें।
Please do not get down until the door opens.
(kripyaa darvaazaa khulne tak n utren।)
अगर सीढ़ी टूटी न होती, तो वह छत से आराम से उतर जाता।
If the ladder had not been broken, he would have easily gotten down from the roof.
(agar siidhii tootii n hotii, to vah chhat se aaraam se utar jaataa।)
हो सकता है वह अगले स्टेशन पर उतर जाए।
It's possible he might get off at the next station.
(ho saktaa hai vah agle steshan par utar jaae।)
यात्री सुरक्षित उतार दिए गए।
The passengers were safely helped down.
(yaatrii surakshit utaar die gae।)
बच्चा हाथी से डरते हुए धीरे-धीरे उतरा।
The child, scared, slowly got down from the elephant.
(bachchaa haathii se darte hue dhiire-dhiire utraa।)
जैसे ही ट्रेन रुकेगी, हम उतरेंगे।
As soon as the train stops, we will get off.
(jaise hii tren rukegii, ham utrenge।)
वह पेड़ की ऊँची शाख से उतर नहीं पा रहा था।
He was not able to get down from the tree's high branch.
(vah ped kii oonchii shaakh se utar nahiin paa rahaa thaa।)
Sense
2
:
to go down, drop, or subside (of levels, water, prices, swelling, etc.)
verb, intransitive Used for water levels, floods, swelling, fever, and prices going down: बुखार उतर गया (bukhaar utar gayaa, 'the fever went down').
Synonyms: घटना (ghatnaa, for prices/quantities), कम होना (kam honaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Hindi treats fever, swelling, and flood water as things that 'descend' rather than simply 'decrease' -- बाढ़ का पानी उतर गया (baadh kaa paanii utar gayaa, 'the floodwater has gone down') and बुखार उतरना (bukhaar utarnaa) both borrow the same downward image from the core physical sense.
Common Mistakes: 1) For a fever or swelling going down, learners often default to कम होना (kam honaa), but उतरना (utarnaa) is the more natural, almost physical way to describe it subsiding, as if it is 'descending' out of the body.
Sample Sentences:
बुखार अब उतर गया है।
The fever has gone down now.
(bukhaar ab utar gayaa hai।)
बाढ़ का पानी धीरे-धीरे उतर रहा है।
The floodwater is slowly going down.
(baadh kaa paanii dhiire-dhiire utar rahaa hai।)
पैर की सूजन कल तक उतर जाएगी।
The swelling in the foot will go down by tomorrow.
(pair kii soojan kal tak utar jaaegii।)
त्योहार के बाद सब्ज़ियों के दाम उतर जाते हैं।
Vegetable prices go down after the festival.
(tyohaar ke baad sabziyon ke daam utar jaate hain।)
काश उसका बुखार उतर जाता।
If only his fever would go down.
(kaash uskaa bukhaar utar jaataa।)
अगर नदी का पानी उतर जाए तो हम पुल पार कर सकते हैं।
If the river water goes down, we can cross the bridge.
(agar nadii kaa paanii utar jaae to ham pul paar kar sakte hain।)
दवा लेने के बाद सूजन उतर गई थी।
The swelling had gone down after taking the medicine.
(davaa lene ke baad soojan utar gaii thii।)
बारिश रुकने के बाद तालाब का पानी उतरने लगा।
After the rain stopped, the pond's water started going down.
(baarish rukne ke baad taalaab kaa paanii utarne lagaa।)
शेयर बाज़ार में कीमतें अचानक उतर गईं।
Prices in the stock market suddenly dropped.
(sheyar baazaar men kiimten achaanak utar gaiin।)
बर्फ पिघलने से नदी का स्तर उतर चुका है।
With the snow melting, the river's level has already gone down.
(barph pighalne se nadii kaa star utar chukaa hai।)
Sense
3
:
to fade, wear off (of color, intoxication, effect)
verb, intransitive Common with रंग (rang, 'color'), नशा (nashaa, 'intoxication'), and असर (asar, 'effect') as subjects.
Synonyms: फीका पड़ना (phiikaa padnaa, for color), ख़त्म होना (khatm honaa, less vivid)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Just as one 'descends' from a height, colors, dyes, and intoxication are imagined as 'coming down' off a person -- रंग उतर गया (rang utar gayaa, 'the color has faded') and उसका नशा उतर गया (uskaa nashaa utar gayaa, 'his intoxication wore off') both use this same everyday metaphor.
Common Mistakes: 1) नशा उतरना (nashaa utarnaa, 'to sober up') is a set phrase; learners sometimes translate 'sober up' literally instead of reaching for this idiom, which native speakers use very naturally after a night out or a festival.
Sample Sentences:
इस कमीज़ का रंग धोने से उतर जाता है।
This shirt's color fades when washed.
(is kamiiz kaa rang dhone se utar jaataa hai।)
रात भर सोने के बाद उसका नशा उतर गया।
After sleeping all night, his intoxication wore off.
(raat bhar sone ke baad uskaa nashaa utar gayaa।)
इस साड़ी का रंग कभी नहीं उतरेगा, यह पक्का रंग है।
This saree's color will never fade, it's a fast dye.
(is saadii kaa rang kabhii nahiin utregaa, yah pakkaa rang hai।)
मुझे डर है कि इस टी-शर्ट का रंग एक ही धुलाई में उतर जाए।
I'm afraid that this T-shirt's color might fade in just one wash.
(mujhe dar hai ki is tii-shart kaa rang ek hii dhulaaii men utar jaae।)
अगर वह इतनी शराब न पीता तो उसका नशा इतनी देर से न उतरता।
If he hadn't drunk so much, his intoxication wouldn't have worn off so late.
(agar vah itnii sharaab n piitaa to uskaa nashaa itnii der se n utartaa।)
धूप में सूखते-सूखते इन कपड़ों का रंग उतर रहा है।
As they dry in the sun, the color of these clothes is fading.
(dhoop men sookhte-sookhte in kapdon kaa rang utar rahaa hai।)
इतना नशा चढ़ा हुआ था कि उतरने में पूरा दिन लग गया।
He was so intoxicated that it took the whole day to wear off.
(itnaa nashaa chadhaa huaa thaa ki utarne men pooraa din lag gayaa।)
पुरानी दीवारों का चूना समय के साथ उतर जाता है।
The whitewash on old walls fades over time.
(puraanii diivaaron kaa choonaa samay ke saath utar jaataa hai।)
अगर नशा उतर जाए तो थोड़ा पानी पी लेना।
If the intoxication wears off, drink a little water.
(agar nashaa utar jaae to thodaa paanii pii lenaa।)
मेहँदी का रंग हफ्तों तक नहीं उतरा।
The henna's color did not fade for weeks.
(mehandii kaa rang haphton tak nahiin utraa।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
उतरना
(utarnaa)
infinitive oblique:
उतरने
(utarne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
उतरता
(utartaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
उतरते
(utarte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
उतरती
(utartii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
उतरतीं
(utartiin)
continuous (sg.m):
उतर रहा
(utar rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
उतर रहे
(utar rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
उतर रही
(utar rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
उतर रहीं
(utar rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
उतरा
(utraa)
perfective (pl.m):
उतरे
(utre)
perfective (sg.f):
उतरी
(utrii)
perfective (pl.f):
उतरीं
(utriin)
imperative (informal):
उतर
(utar)
imperative (neutral):
उतरो
(utro)
imperative (formal):
उतरिए
(utrie)
future (1sg.m):
उतरूँगा
(utroongaa)
future (1sg.f):
उतरूँगी
(utroongii)
future (1pl.m):
उतरेंगे
(utrenge)
future (1pl.f):
उतरेंगी
(utrengii)
future (2sg.m):
उतरेगा
(utregaa)
future (2sg.f):
उतरेगी
(utregii)
future (2pl.m):
उतरोगे
(utroge)
future (2pl.f):
उतरोगी
(utrogii)
future (3sg.m):
उतरेगा
(utregaa)
future (3sg.f):
उतरेगी
(utregii)
future (3pl.m):
उतरेंगे
(utrenge)
future (3pl.f):
उतरेंगी
(utrengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
उतरूँ
(utroon)
subjunctive (1pl):
उतरें
(utren)
subjunctive (2sg):
उतरे
(utre)
subjunctive (2pl):
उतरो
(utro)
subjunctive (3sg):
उतरे
(utre)
subjunctive (3pl):
उतरें
(utren)