गाड़ना (gaadnaa)
verb
A transitive verb meaning to dig into the ground and fix something there -- to plant, bury, or drive something (a stake, a flag, a nail) into a surface.
Sense
1
:
to bury (something) in the ground
verb, transitive
Synonyms: दफ़नाना (dafnaanaa, used especially for burying the dead), दबाना (dabaanaa, to press/push under)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Think of a gardener burying a sapling's roots, or old stories of misers who गाड़ना (gaadnaa) their gold coins in a clay pot under the courtyard floor -- this verb carries that same earthy, hands-in-the-soil feel.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes reach for दफ़नाना (dafnaanaa) for every kind of burying, but गाड़ना (gaadnaa) is the more general word for pushing something into earth (a pot, treasure, a plant) and is not limited to funerals. 2) Do not confuse with गाना (gaanaa, 'to sing') -- the retroflex ड़ in गाड़ना (gaadnaa) gives it a completely different sound and meaning.
Sample Sentences:
किसान ने खेत में पौधे की जड़ें गाड़ दीं।
The farmer buried the sapling's roots in the field.
(kisaan ne khet men paudhe kii jaden gaad diin।)
बूढ़ा कंजूस अपने सोने के सिक्के आँगन के नीचे गाड़ता था।
The old miser used to bury his gold coins under the courtyard.
(boodhaa kanjoos apne sone ke sikke aangan ke niiche gaadtaa thaa।)
मज़दूर मुर्दा जानवर को गाँव से दूर गाड़ रहे हैं।
The laborers are burying the dead animal far from the village.
(mazdoor murdaa jaanvar ko gaanv se door gaad rahe hain।)
यह हड्डी कुत्ते ने बगीचे में गाड़ी है।
The dog has buried this bone in the garden.
(yah haddii kutte ne bagiiche men gaadii hai।)
अगर खजाना यहाँ गाड़ा गया होता, तो अब तक मिल जाता।
If the treasure had been buried here, it would have been found by now.
(agar khajaanaa yahaan gaadaa gayaa hotaa, to ab tak mil jaataa।)
इसे इतनी गहराई में गाड़ो कि कोई जानवर न खोद पाए।
Bury it deep enough that no animal can dig it up.
(ise itnii gahraaii men gaado ki koii jaanvar n khod paae।)
पुराने ज़माने में लोग शायद अपनी दौलत ज़मीन में गाड़ देते हों।
In olden times, people might well have buried their wealth in the ground.
(puraane zamaane men log shaayad apnii daulat zamiin men gaad dete hon।)
राख को नदी के पास गाड़ा जाएगा।
The ashes will be buried near the river.
(raakh ko nadii ke paas gaadaa jaaegaa।)
माली ने बीज गाड़ने से पहले मिट्टी को अच्छी तरह भुरभुरा किया।
The gardener loosened the soil well before burying the seeds.
(maalii ne biij gaadne se pahle mittii ko achchhii tarah bhurbhuraa kiyaa।)
बच्चे रेत में सीशेल गाड़कर खेल रहे थे।
The children were playing by burying seashells in the sand.
(bachche ret men siishel gaadkar khel rahe the।)
Sense
2
:
to drive/plant something into a surface (stake, flag, nail)
verb, transitive
Synonyms: ठोकना (thoknaa, to hammer in, used more for nails), खड़ा करना (khadaa karnaa, to erect/stand up)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: झंडा गाड़ना (jhandaa gaadnaa) literally means planting a flag, but it is used all the time figuratively for triumph -- someone who dominates a field is said to have 'planted their flag' there, much like claiming victory in English.
Common Mistakes: 1) With flags or stakes, learners often default to लगाना (lagaanaa), but गाड़ना (gaadnaa) is the word that specifically evokes forcing something down into the ground so it stands firm -- झंडा गाड़ना (jhandaa gaadnaa, 'to plant a flag') is the natural collocation.
Sample Sentences:
उसने पहाड़ की चोटी पर झंडा गाड़ दिया।
He planted the flag on top of the mountain.
(usne pahaad kii chotii par jhandaa gaad diyaa।)
मजदूर ज़मीन में लोहे की कील गाड़ रहे हैं।
The workers are driving an iron nail into the ground.
(majdoor zamiin men lohe kii kiil gaad rahe hain।)
इस कंपनी ने बाज़ार में अपना झंडा गाड़ दिया है।
This company has planted its flag in the market -- it has dominated it.
(is kampnii ne baazaar men apnaa jhandaa gaad diyaa hai।)
यहाँ एक खंभा गाड़ो, तंबू टिकाने के लिए।
Drive a pole in here, so the tent stays up.
(yahaan ek khambhaa gaado, tamboo tikaane ke lie।)
किसान खेत की सीमा पर हर साल एक बाँस गाड़ता है।
The farmer plants a bamboo pole at the field's border every year.
(kisaan khet kii siimaa par har saal ek baans gaadtaa hai।)
अगर तुम यह निशान गाड़ दो, तो सब को रास्ता पता चल जाएगा।
If you plant this marker, everyone will know the way.
(agar tum yah nishaan gaad do, to sab ko raastaa pataa chal jaaegaa।)
पुराने ज़माने में सैनिक जीते हुए इलाके में अपना झंडा गाड़ते थे।
In olden times, soldiers used to plant their flag in the territory they had won.
(puraane zamaane men sainik jiite hue ilaake men apnaa jhandaa gaadte the।)
खंभा मज़दूरों द्वारा सड़क के किनारे गाड़ा गया।
The pole was driven into the roadside by the workers.
(khambhaa mazdooron dvaaraa sadak ke kinaare gaadaa gayaa।)
काश वह अपनी मेहनत से इस शहर में अपना झंडा गाड़ पाता।
If only he could have planted his flag in this city through his hard work.
(kaash vah apnii mehnat se is shahar men apnaa jhandaa gaad paataa।)
क्रिकेट में उसने अपनी बल्लेबाज़ी का झंडा गाड़ दिया।
In cricket, he has established his dominance with his batting.
(kriket men usne apnii ballebaazii kaa jhandaa gaad diyaa।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
गाड़ना
(gaadnaa)
infinitive oblique:
गाड़ने
(gaadne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
गाड़ता
(gaadtaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
गाड़ते
(gaadte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
गाड़ती
(gaadtii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
गाड़तीं
(gaadtiin)
continuous (sg.m):
गाड़ रहा
(gaad rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
गाड़ रहे
(gaad rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
गाड़ रही
(gaad rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
गाड़ रहीं
(gaad rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
गाड़ा
(gaadaa)
perfective (pl.m):
गाड़े
(gaade)
perfective (sg.f):
गाड़ी
(gaadii)
perfective (pl.f):
गाड़ीं
(gaadiin)
imperative (informal):
गाड़
(gaad)
imperative (neutral):
गाड़ो
(gaado)
imperative (formal):
गाड़िए
(gaadie)
future (1sg.m):
गाड़ूँगा
(gaadoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
गाड़ूँगी
(gaadoongii)
future (1pl.m):
गाड़ेंगे
(gaadenge)
future (1pl.f):
गाड़ेंगी
(gaadengii)
future (2sg.m):
गाड़ेगा
(gaadegaa)
future (2sg.f):
गाड़ेगी
(gaadegii)
future (2pl.m):
गाड़ोगे
(gaadoge)
future (2pl.f):
गाड़ोगी
(gaadogii)
future (3sg.m):
गाड़ेगा
(gaadegaa)
future (3sg.f):
गाड़ेगी
(gaadegii)
future (3pl.m):
गाड़ेंगे
(gaadenge)
future (3pl.f):
गाड़ेंगी
(gaadengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
गाड़ूँ
(gaadoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
गाड़ें
(gaaden)
subjunctive (2sg):
गाड़े
(gaade)
subjunctive (2pl):
गाड़ो
(gaado)
subjunctive (3sg):
गाड़े
(gaade)
subjunctive (3pl):
गाड़ें
(gaaden)